| Title: |
Bioactive Compounds and Amino Acids From Sweet and Southern Wormwood (Artemisia spp.): Extraction, Characterization, and Antimicrobial Activity Against Opportunistic Pathogens. |
| Authors: |
Kaleja, Evita; Radenkovs, Vitalijs; Galina, Daiga; Juhnevica-Radenkova, Karina; Krasnova, Inta; Valdovska, Anda; Bose, Anupama |
| Source: |
Journal of Food Biochemistry; 11/30/2025, Vol. 2025, p1-18, 18p |
| Subject Terms: |
Bioactive compounds; Amino acids; Anti-infective agents; Extraction techniques; Sonication; Opportunistic infections; Wormwood |
| Abstract: |
This study was designed to recover bioactive compounds, including artemisinin, phenolics, tannins, and amino acids (AAs), from the aerial parts of Artemisia annua L. (sweet wormwood) and Artemisia abrotanum L. (southern wormwood) using ultrasound‐assisted extraction (UAE). Optimal extraction was achieved using 60% ethanol (EtOH) and 60 min of UAE, yielding the highest total phenolic content (TPC) of 43.55 mg GAE/g DW for A. annua and 33.11 mg GAE/g DW for A. abrotanum, along with total tannin content of 34.63 and 25.16 mg CE/g DW, respectively. Antioxidant activity, assessed via DPPH• and FRAP assays, was significantly higher under these conditions. DPPH• and FRAP values reached 11.29 and 15.57 mg TE/g DW for A. annua and 8.17 and 11.91 mg TE/g DW for A. abrotanum, respectively. Artemisinin was quantified exclusively in A. annua, with a maximum of 9.51 mg/100 g DW after 40 min of UAE with 96% EtOH, and 21 mg/100 g DW following scale‐up and concentration. Free AA profiling revealed proline as the dominant AA in both species, with concentrations of 350.56 mg/100 g DW in A. annua and 427.80 mg/100 g DW in A. abrotanum. A. annua showed higher contents of essential and branched‐chain AAs, at 163.75 and 88.43 mg/100 g DW, compared to 127.38 and 63.86 mg/100 g DW in A. abrotanum, respectively. Antimicrobial assays demonstrated moderate inhibition, with minimum inhibitory and bactericidal concentrations ranging from 12.5 to 25.0 mg/mL for A. annua and 12.5–50.0 mg/mL for A. abrotanum, depending on the microorganism. UAE allowed to effectively recover bioactive compounds and AAs from A. annua and A. abrotanum, with A. annua exhibiting superior TPC, AA, and antimicrobial profiles. These findings support the potential of Artemisia species as sources of antioxidant and antimicrobial agents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
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| Database: |
Complementary Index |