Divided attention improves delayed, but not immediate retrieval of a consolidated memory.
| Title: | Divided attention improves delayed, but not immediate retrieval of a consolidated memory. |
|---|---|
| Authors: | Kessler Y; Rotman Research Institute, Baycrest Centre and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.; Vandermorris S; Rotman Research Institute, Baycrest Centre and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.; Gopie N; Rotman Research Institute, Baycrest Centre and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.; Daros A; Rotman Research Institute, Baycrest Centre and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.; Winocur G; Rotman Research Institute, Baycrest Centre and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.; Moscovitch M; Rotman Research Institute, Baycrest Centre and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. |
| Source: | PloS one [PLoS One] 2014 Mar 07; Vol. 9 (3), pp. e91309. Date of Electronic Publication: 2014 Mar 07 (Print Publication: 2014). |
| Publication Type: | Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't |
| Language: | English |
| Journal Info: | Publisher: Public Library of Science Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 101285081 Publication Model: eCollection Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1932-6203 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 19326203 NLM ISO Abbreviation: PLoS One Subsets: MEDLINE |
| Imprint Name(s): | Original Publication: San Francisco, CA : Public Library of Science |
| MeSH Terms: | Attention*; Mental Recall/*physiology; Humans ; Time Factors ; Young Adult |
| Abstract: | A well-documented dissociation between memory encoding and retrieval concerns the role of attention in the two processes. The typical finding is that divided attention (DA) during encoding impairs future memory, but retrieval is relatively robust to attentional manipulations. However, memory research in the past 20 years had demonstrated that retrieval is a memory-changing process, in which the strength and availability of information are modified by various characteristics of the retrieval process. Based on this logic, several studies examined the effects of DA during retrieval (Test 1) on a future memory test (Test 2). These studies yielded inconsistent results. The present study examined the role of memory consolidation in accounting for the after-effect of DA during retrieval. Initial learning required a classification of visual stimuli, and hence involved incidental learning. Test 1 was administered 24 hours after initial learning, and therefore required retrieval of consolidated information. Test 2 was administered either immediately following Test 1 or after a 24-hour delay. Our results show that the effect of DA on Test 2 depended on this delay. DA during Test 1 did not affect performance on Test 2 when it was administered immediately, but improved performance when Test 2 was given 24-hours later. The results are consistent with other findings showing long-term benefits of retrieval difficulty. Implications for theories of reconsolidation in human episodic memory are discussed. |
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| Entry Date(s): | Date Created: 20140311 Date Completed: 20150130 Latest Revision: 20211021 |
| Update Code: | 20260130 |
| PubMed Central ID: | PMC3946723 |
| DOI: | 10.1371/journal.pone.0091309 |
| PMID: | 24608365 |
| Database: | MEDLINE |
Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't