Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) Subviral Particles as Protective Vaccines and Vaccine Platforms.
| Title: | Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) Subviral Particles as Protective Vaccines and Vaccine Platforms. |
|---|---|
| Authors: | Ho JK; Victorian Infectious Diseases Reference Laboratory (VIDRL), Melbourne Health, The Peter Doherty Institute, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia.; Jeevan-Raj B; Victorian Infectious Diseases Reference Laboratory (VIDRL), Melbourne Health, The Peter Doherty Institute, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia.; Netter HJ; Victorian Infectious Diseases Reference Laboratory (VIDRL), Melbourne Health, The Peter Doherty Institute, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia.; Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology (RMIT) University, School of Science, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia. |
| Source: | Viruses [Viruses] 2020 Jan 21; Vol. 12 (2). Date of Electronic Publication: 2020 Jan 21. |
| Publication Type: | Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Review |
| Language: | English |
| Journal Info: | Publisher: MDPI Country of Publication: Switzerland NLM ID: 101509722 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1999-4915 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 19994915 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Viruses Subsets: MEDLINE |
| Imprint Name(s): | Original Publication: Basel, Switzerland : MDPI |
| MeSH Terms: | Hepatitis B/*prevention & control ; Hepatitis B virus/*immunology ; Vaccines, Virus-Like Particle/*immunology ; Viral Hepatitis Vaccines/*immunology; Hepatitis B Surface Antigens/immunology ; Vaccines, Virus-Like Particle/administration & dosage ; Viral Envelope Proteins/immunology ; Viral Hepatitis Vaccines/classification ; Animals ; Humans ; Mice |
| Abstract: | : Hepatitis B remains one of the major global health problems more than 40 years after the identification of human hepatitis B virus (HBV) as the causative agent. A critical turning point in combating this virus was the development of a preventative vaccine composed of the HBV surface (envelope) protein (HBsAg) to reduce the risk of new infections. The isolation of HBsAg sub-viral particles (SVPs) from the blood of asymptomatic HBV carriers as antigens for the first-generation vaccines, followed by the development of recombinant HBsAg SVPs produced in yeast as the antigenic components of the second-generation vaccines, represent landmark advancements in biotechnology and medicine. The ability of the HBsAg SVPs to accept and present foreign antigenic sequences provides the basis of a chimeric particulate delivery platform, and resulted in the development of a vaccine against malaria (RTS,S/AS01, MosquirixTM), and various preclinical vaccine candidates to overcome infectious diseases for which there are no effective vaccines. Biomedical modifications of the HBsAg subunits allowed the identification of strategies to enhance the HBsAg SVP immunogenicity to build potent vaccines for preventative and possibly therapeutic applications. The review provides an overview of the formation and assembly of the HBsAg SVPs and highlights the utilization of the particles in key effective vaccines. |
| Competing Interests: | The author H.J.N. of this publication has an equity interest in, and serves as a consultant to ClearB Therapeutics. ClearB Therapeutics had no role in the design and writing of the review article. |
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| Contributed Indexing: | Keywords: hepatitis B virus; sub-viral particle; surface (envelope) antigen; virus-like particle |
| Substance Nomenclature: | 0 (Hepatitis B Surface Antigens); 0 (Vaccines, Virus-Like Particle); 0 (Viral Envelope Proteins); 0 (Viral Hepatitis Vaccines) |
| Entry Date(s): | Date Created: 20200125 Date Completed: 20210218 Latest Revision: 20210218 |
| Update Code: | 20260130 |
| PubMed Central ID: | PMC7077199 |
| DOI: | 10.3390/v12020126 |
| PMID: | 31973017 |
| Database: | MEDLINE |
Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Review