The Two Sides of Linguistic Context: Eye-Tracking as a Measure of Semantic Competition in Spoken Word Recognition Among Younger and Older Adults.
| Title: | The Two Sides of Linguistic Context: Eye-Tracking as a Measure of Semantic Competition in Spoken Word Recognition Among Younger and Older Adults. |
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| Authors: | Ayasse ND; Volen National Center for Complex Systems, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA, United States.; Wingfield A; Volen National Center for Complex Systems, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA, United States. |
| Source: | Frontiers in human neuroscience [Front Hum Neurosci] 2020 Apr 09; Vol. 14, pp. 132. Date of Electronic Publication: 2020 Apr 09 (Print Publication: 2020). |
| Publication Type: | Journal Article |
| Language: | English |
| Journal Info: | Publisher: Frontiers Research Foundation Country of Publication: Switzerland NLM ID: 101477954 Publication Model: eCollection Cited Medium: Print ISSN: 1662-5161 (Print) Linking ISSN: 16625161 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Front Hum Neurosci Subsets: PubMed not MEDLINE |
| Imprint Name(s): | Original Publication: Lausanne, Switzerland : Frontiers Research Foundation, 2008- |
| Abstract: | Studies of spoken word recognition have reliably shown that both younger and older adults' recognition of acoustically degraded words is facilitated by the presence of a linguistic context. Against this benefit, older adults' word recognition can be differentially hampered by interference from other words that could also fit the context. These prior studies have primarily used off-line response measures such as the signal-to-noise ratio needed for a target word to be correctly identified. Less clear is the locus of these effects; whether facilitation and interference have their influence primarily during response selection, or whether their effects begin to operate even before a sentence-final target word has been uttered. This question was addressed by tracking 20 younger and 20 older adults' eye fixations on a visually presented target word that corresponded to the final word of a contextually constraining or neutral sentence, accompanied by a second word on the computer screen that in some cases could also fit the sentence context. Growth curve analysis of the time-course of eye-gaze on a target word showed facilitation and inhibition effects begin to appear even as a spoken sentence is unfolding in time. Consistent with an age-related inhibition deficit, older adults' word recognition was slowed by the presence of a semantic competitor to a degree not observed for younger adults, with this effect operating early in the recognition process.; (Copyright © 2020 Ayasse and Wingfield.) |
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| Contributed Indexing: | Keywords: aging; eye-tracking; inhibitory control; linguistic context; semantic competition |
| Entry Date(s): | Date Created: 20200425 Latest Revision: 20200928 |
| Update Code: | 20260130 |
| PubMed Central ID: | PMC7161414 |
| DOI: | 10.3389/fnhum.2020.00132 |
| PMID: | 32327987 |
| Database: | MEDLINE |
Journal Article