Tenacious Endemic Typhoid Fever in Samoa.
| Title: | Tenacious Endemic Typhoid Fever in Samoa. |
|---|---|
| Authors: | Sikorski MJ; Center for Vaccine Development and Global Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.; Ministry of Health, Government of Samoa, Apia, Samoa.; Desai SN; Center for Vaccine Development and Global Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.; Ministry of Health, Government of Samoa, Apia, Samoa.; Tupua S; Ministry of Health, Government of Samoa, Apia, Samoa.; Thomsen RE; Ministry of Health, Government of Samoa, Apia, Samoa.; Han J; Center for Vaccine Development and Global Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.; Ministry of Health, Government of Samoa, Apia, Samoa.; Rambocus S; Ministry of Health, Government of Samoa, Apia, Samoa.; Microbiological Diagnostic Unit Public Health Laboratory, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.; Nimarota-Brown S; Ministry of Health, Government of Samoa, Apia, Samoa.; Punimata L; Ministry of Health, Government of Samoa, Apia, Samoa.; Tusitala S; Ministry of Health, Government of Samoa, Apia, Samoa.; Sialeipata M; Ministry of Health, Government of Samoa, Apia, Samoa.; Hoffman SA; Center for Vaccine Development and Global Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.; Tracy JK; Clinical Translational Research and Informatics Center, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.; Higginson EE; Center for Vaccine Development and Global Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.; Tennant SM; Center for Vaccine Development and Global Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.; Gauld JS; Institute for Disease Modeling, Bellevue, Washington, USA.; Klein DJ; Institute for Disease Modeling, Bellevue, Washington, USA.; Ballard SA; Microbiological Diagnostic Unit Public Health Laboratory, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.; Robins-Browne RM; Microbiological Diagnostic Unit Public Health Laboratory, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.; Dougan G; Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom.; Nilles EJ; World Health Organization, Division of Pacific Technical Support, Suva, Fiji.; Howden BP; Microbiological Diagnostic Unit Public Health Laboratory, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.; Crump JA; Centre for International Health, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.; Naseri TK; Ministry of Health, Government of Samoa, Apia, Samoa.; Levine MM; Center for Vaccine Development and Global Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA. |
| Source: | Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America [Clin Infect Dis] 2020 Jul 29; Vol. 71 (Suppl 2), pp. S120-S126. |
| Publication Type: | Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't |
| Language: | English |
| Journal Info: | Publisher: Oxford University Press Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 9203213 Publication Model: Print Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1537-6591 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 10584838 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Clin Infect Dis Subsets: MEDLINE |
| Imprint Name(s): | Publication: Jan. 2011- : Oxford : Oxford University Press; Original Publication: Chicago, IL : The University of Chicago Press, c1992- |
| MeSH Terms: | Typhoid Fever*/epidemiology ; Typhoid-Paratyphoid Vaccines*; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Humans ; Infant ; Salmonella typhi ; Samoa ; Vaccines, Conjugate |
| Abstract: | Background: Typhoid fever has been endemic on the island nation of Samoa (2016 population, 195 979) since the 1960s and has persisted through 2019, despite economic development and improvements in water supply and sanitation.; Methods: Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi isolates from the 2 hospitals with blood culture capability and matched patient demographic and clinical data from January 2008 through December 2019 were analyzed. Denominators to calculate incidence by island, region, and district came from 2011 and 2016 censuses and from 2017-2019 projections from Samoa's Bureau of Statistics. Data were analyzed to describe typhoid case burden and incidence from 2008 to 2019 by time, place, and person.; Results: In sum, 53-193 blood culture-confirmed typhoid cases occurred annually from 2008 to 2019, without apparent seasonality. Typhoid incidence was low among children age |
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| Grant Information: | 001 International WHO_ World Health Organization |
| Contributed Indexing: | Keywords: Salmonella Typhi; Oceania; Samoa; epidemiology; typhoid fever |
| Substance Nomenclature: | 0 (Typhoid-Paratyphoid Vaccines); 0 (Vaccines, Conjugate) |
| Entry Date(s): | Date Created: 20200730 Date Completed: 20210427 Latest Revision: 20250530 |
| Update Code: | 20260130 |
| PubMed Central ID: | PMC7388710 |
| DOI: | 10.1093/cid/ciaa314 |
| PMID: | 32725232 |
| Database: | MEDLINE |
Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't