CT imaging of gold nanoparticles in a human-sized phantom.
| Title: | CT imaging of gold nanoparticles in a human-sized phantom. |
|---|---|
| Authors: | Oumano M; Medical Physics Program, Department of Physics and Applied Physics, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, MA, USA.; Landauer Medical Physics, Glenwood, IL, USA.; Department of Medical Physics and Radiation Safety, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI, USA.; Russell L; Neusoft Medical Systems USA, Houston, TX, USA.; Salehjahromi M; Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, MA, USA.; Shanshan L; Neusoft Medical Systems, Hunnan District, Shenyang, China.; Sinha N; Department of Physics, Wentworth Institute of Technology, Boston, MA, USA.; Ngwa W; Medical Physics Program, Department of Physics and Applied Physics, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, MA, USA.; Department of Radiation Oncology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.; Yu H; Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, MA, USA. |
| Source: | Journal of applied clinical medical physics [J Appl Clin Med Phys] 2021 Jan; Vol. 22 (1), pp. 337-342. Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 Jan 05. |
| Publication Type: | Journal Article |
| Language: | English |
| Journal Info: | Publisher: Wiley on behalf of American Association of Physicists in Medicine Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 101089176 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1526-9914 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 15269914 NLM ISO Abbreviation: J Appl Clin Med Phys Subsets: MEDLINE |
| Imprint Name(s): | Publication: 2017- : Malden, MA : Wiley on behalf of American Association of Physicists in Medicine; Original Publication: Reston, VA : American College of Medical Physics, c2000- |
| MeSH Terms: | Iodine* ; Metal Nanoparticles*; Gold ; Humans ; Phantoms, Imaging ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed |
| Abstract: | Introduction: Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) are visualized and quantified in a human-sized phantom with a clinical MDCT scanner.; Methods: Experiments were conducted with AuNPs between 0.00171 and 200 mgAu/mL. CT images were acquired at 80, 100, 120, and 140 kVp in a 33-cm phantom. Image contrast due to AuNPs was experimentally determined from regions of interest (ROIs) and effective linear attenuation coefficients were calculated from CT x-ray spectra with consideration of tissue attenuation.; Results: The typical 12-bit dynamic range of CT images was exceeded for AuNPs at 150 mgAu/mL. A threshold concentration of 0.3-1.4 mgAu/mL was determined for human visualization in 1-mm images at a typical diagnostic CTDIvol of 23.6 mGy. Optimal image contrast was also achieved at 120 kVp and verified by calculation.; Conclusions: We have shown that scanners capable of reconstructing images with extended Hounsfield scales are required for distinguishing any contrast differences above 150 mgAu/mL. We have also shown that AuNPs result in optimal image contrast at 120 kVp in a human-sized phantom due to gold's 80.7 keV k-edge and the attenuation of x-rays by tissue. Typical CT contrast agents, like iodine, require the use of lower kVps for optimal visualization, but lower kVps are more difficult to implement in the clinic because of elevated noise levels, elongated scan times, and/or beam-hardening artifacts. This indicates another significant advantage of AuNPs over iodine not yet discussed in the literature.; (© 2021 The Authors. Journal of Applied Clinical Medical Physics published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Association of Physicists in Medicine.) |
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| Grant Information: | R01 CA239042 United States CA NCI NIH HHS |
| Contributed Indexing: | Keywords: AuNPs; contrast agents; gold; nanoparticles; x-rays |
| Substance Nomenclature: | 7440-57-5 (Gold); 9679TC07X4 (Iodine) |
| Entry Date(s): | Date Created: 20210106 Date Completed: 20210621 Latest Revision: 20211203 |
| Update Code: | 20260130 |
| PubMed Central ID: | PMC7856514 |
| DOI: | 10.1002/acm2.13155 |
| PMID: | 33403792 |
| Database: | MEDLINE |
Journal Article