The Role of Galanin during Bacterial Infection in Larval Zebrafish.
| Title: | The Role of Galanin during Bacterial Infection in Larval Zebrafish. |
|---|---|
| Authors: | Nowik N; Department of Animal Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland.; Department of Animal Sciences and Health, Institute of Biology (IBL), Leiden University, 2333 BE Leiden, The Netherlands.; Prajsnar TK; Department of Animal Sciences and Health, Institute of Biology (IBL), Leiden University, 2333 BE Leiden, The Netherlands.; Department of Evolutionary Immunology, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Faculty of Biology, Jagiellonian University, 30-387 Krakow, Poland.; Przyborowska A; Department of Animal Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland.; Department of Pathophysiology, Forensic Veterinary and Administration, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland.; Rakus K; Department of Evolutionary Immunology, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Faculty of Biology, Jagiellonian University, 30-387 Krakow, Poland.; Sienkiewicz W; Department of Animal Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland.; Spaink HP; Department of Animal Sciences and Health, Institute of Biology (IBL), Leiden University, 2333 BE Leiden, The Netherlands.; Podlasz P; Department of Pathophysiology, Forensic Veterinary and Administration, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland. |
| Source: | Cells [Cells] 2021 Aug 06; Vol. 10 (8). Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 Aug 06. |
| Publication Type: | Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't |
| Language: | English |
| Journal Info: | Publisher: MDPI Country of Publication: Switzerland NLM ID: 101600052 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 2073-4409 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 20734409 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Cells Subsets: MEDLINE |
| Imprint Name(s): | Original Publication: Basel, Switzerland : MDPI |
| MeSH Terms: | Galanin/*metabolism ; Mycobacterium Infections, Nontuberculous/*microbiology ; Mycobacterium marinum/*pathogenicity ; Staphylococcal Infections/*microbiology ; Staphylococcus aureus/*pathogenicity ; Zebrafish Proteins/*metabolism; Cytokines/genetics ; Cytokines/metabolism ; Galanin/genetics ; Inflammation Mediators/metabolism ; Mycobacterium Infections, Nontuberculous/genetics ; Mycobacterium Infections, Nontuberculous/immunology ; Mycobacterium Infections, Nontuberculous/metabolism ; Mycobacterium marinum/immunology ; Staphylococcal Infections/genetics ; Staphylococcal Infections/immunology ; Staphylococcal Infections/metabolism ; Staphylococcus aureus/immunology ; Zebrafish/embryology ; Zebrafish/genetics ; Zebrafish/metabolism ; Zebrafish Proteins/genetics ; Animals ; Animals, Genetically Modified ; Disease Models, Animal ; Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental ; Gene Regulatory Networks ; Host-Pathogen Interactions ; Signal Transduction ; Transcriptome |
| Abstract: | Galanin is a peptide that is conserved among different species and plays various roles in an organism, although its entire role is not completely understood. For many years, galanin has been linked mainly with the neurotransmission in the nervous system; however, recent reports underline its role in immunity. Zebrafish (Danio rerio) is an intensively developing animal model to study infectious diseases. In this study, we used larval zebrafish to determine the role of galanin in bacterial infection. We showed that knockout of galanin in zebrafish leads to a higher bacterial burden and mortality during Mycobacterium marinum and Staphylococcus aureus infection, whereas administration of a galanin analogue, NAX 5055, improves the ability of fish to control the infection caused by both pathogens. Moreover, the transcriptomics data revealed that a lower number of genes were regulated in response to mycobacterial infection in gal-/- mutants compared with their gal+/+ wild-type counterparts. We also found that galanin deficiency led to significant changes in immune-related pathways, mostly connected with cytokine and chemokine functions. The results show that galanin acts not only as a neurotransmitter but is also involved in immune response to bacterial infections, demonstrating the complexity of the neuroendocrine system and its possible connection with immunity. |
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| Grant Information: | PPN/PPO/2019/1/00029/U/0001 Narodowe Centrum Nauki; 010/RID/2018/19 Ministerstwo Nauki i Szkolnictwa Wyższego |
| Contributed Indexing: | Keywords: bacterial infection; immunity; zebrafish |
| Substance Nomenclature: | 0 (Cytokines); 0 (Inflammation Mediators); 0 (Zebrafish Proteins); 88813-36-9 (Galanin) |
| SCR Disease Name: | Infection with Mycobacterium marinum |
| Entry Date(s): | Date Created: 20210827 Date Completed: 20211115 Latest Revision: 20211115 |
| Update Code: | 20260130 |
| PubMed Central ID: | PMC8391356 |
| DOI: | 10.3390/cells10082011 |
| PMID: | 34440783 |
| Database: | MEDLINE |
Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't