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Vitamin A deficiency affects gene expression in the Drosophila melanogaster head.

Title: Vitamin A deficiency affects gene expression in the Drosophila melanogaster head.
Authors: Dewett D; Department of Biology, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, MA 02125, USA.; Labaf M; Department of Mathematics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, MA 02125, USA.; Lam-Kamath K; Department of Biology, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, MA 02125, USA.; Zarringhalam K; Department of Mathematics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, MA 02125, USA.; Rister J; Department of Biology, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, MA 02125, USA.
Source: G3 (Bethesda, Md.) [G3 (Bethesda)] 2021 Oct 19; Vol. 11 (11).
Publication Type: Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
Language: English
Journal Info: Publisher: Oxford University Press Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 101566598 Publication Model: Print Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 2160-1836 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 21601836 NLM ISO Abbreviation: G3 (Bethesda) Subsets: MEDLINE
Imprint Name(s): Publication: 2021- : [Oxford] : Oxford University Press; Original Publication: Bethesda, MD : Genetics Society of America, 2011-
MeSH Terms: Drosophila Proteins* ; Vitamin A Deficiency*; Drosophila melanogaster/genetics ; Rhodopsin/genetics ; Animals ; Gene Expression ; Vitamin A
Abstract: Insufficient dietary intake of vitamin A causes various human diseases. For instance, chronic vitamin A deprivation causes blindness, slow growth, impaired immunity, and an increased risk of mortality in children. In contrast to these diverse effects of vitamin A deficiency (VAD) in mammals, chronic VAD in flies neither causes obvious developmental defects nor lethality. As in mammals, VAD in flies severely affects the visual system: it impairs the synthesis of the retinal chromophore, disrupts the formation of the visual pigments (Rhodopsins), and damages the photoreceptors. However, the molecular mechanisms that respond to VAD remain poorly understood. To identify genes and signaling pathways that are affected by VAD, we performed RNA-sequencing and differential gene expression analysis in Drosophila melanogaster. We found an upregulation of genes that are essential for the synthesis of the retinal chromophore, specific aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases, and major nutrient reservoir proteins. We also discovered that VAD affects several genes that are required for the termination of the light response: for instance, we found a downregulation of both arrestin genes that are essential for the inactivation of Rhodopsin. A comparison of the VAD-responsive genes with previously identified blue light stress-responsive genes revealed that the two types of environmental stress trigger largely nonoverlapping transcriptome responses. Yet, both stresses increase the expression of seven genes with poorly understood functions. Taken together, our transcriptome analysis offers insights into the molecular mechanisms that respond to environmental stresses.; (© The Author(s) 2021. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Genetics Society of America.)
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Grant Information: R01 EY029659 United States EY NEI NIH HHS; U54 CA156734 United States CA NCI NIH HHS
Contributed Indexing: Keywords: Drosophila; carotene; chromophore; photoreceptor; phototransduction; retinoic acid; rhabdomere; rhodopsin; transcriptome; vision; visual pigment; vitamin A
Substance Nomenclature: 0 (Drosophila Proteins); 11103-57-4 (Vitamin A); 9009-81-8 (Rhodopsin)
Entry Date(s): Date Created: 20211201 Date Completed: 20220106 Latest Revision: 20240508
Update Code: 20260130
PubMed Central ID: PMC8527478
DOI: 10.1093/g3journal/jkab297
PMID: 34849795
Database: MEDLINE

Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural