Emergence and competition of virus variants in respiratory viral infections.
| Title: | Emergence and competition of virus variants in respiratory viral infections. |
|---|---|
| Authors: | Bessonov N; Institute of Problems of Mechanical Engineering, Russian Academy of Sciences, Saint Petersburg, Russia.; Neverova D; S.M. Nikolskii Mathematical Institute, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russia.; Popov V; S.M. Nikolskii Mathematical Institute, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russia.; Volpert V; S.M. Nikolskii Mathematical Institute, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russia.; Institut Camille Jordan, University Lyon, Villeurbanne, France. |
| Source: | Frontiers in immunology [Front Immunol] 2023 Feb 14; Vol. 13, pp. 945228. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Feb 14 (Print Publication: 2022). |
| Publication Type: | Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't |
| Language: | English |
| Journal Info: | Publisher: Frontiers Research Foundation] Country of Publication: Switzerland NLM ID: 101560960 Publication Model: eCollection Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1664-3224 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 16643224 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Front Immunol Subsets: MEDLINE |
| Imprint Name(s): | Original Publication: [Lausanne : Frontiers Research Foundation] |
| MeSH Terms: | COVID-19* ; Epidemics*; Humans ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Cross Reactions ; Diffusion |
| Abstract: | The emergence of new variants of concern (VOCs) of the SARS-CoV-2 infection is one of the main factors of epidemic progression. Their development can be characterized by three critical stages: virus mutation leading to the appearance of new viable variants; the competition of different variants leading to the production of a sufficiently large number of copies; and infection transmission between individuals and its spreading in the population. The first two stages take place at the individual level (infected individual), while the third one takes place at the population level with possible competition between different variants. This work is devoted to the mathematical modeling of the first two stages of this process: the emergence of new variants and their progression in the epithelial tissue with a possible competition between them. The emergence of new virus variants is modeled with non-local reaction-diffusion equations describing virus evolution and immune escape in the space of genotypes. The conditions of the emergence of new virus variants are determined by the mutation rate, the cross-reactivity of the immune response, and the rates of virus replication and death. Once different variants emerge, they spread in the infected tissue with a certain speed and viral load that can be determined through the parameters of the model. The competition of different variants for uninfected cells leads to the emergence of a single dominant variant and the elimination of the others due to competitive exclusion. The dominant variant is the one with the maximal individual spreading speed. Thus, the emergence of new variants at the individual level is determined by the immune escape and by the virus spreading speed in the infected tissue.; (Copyright © 2023 Bessonov, Neverova, Popov and Volpert.) |
| Competing Interests: | The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. |
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| Contributed Indexing: | Keywords: competition; emergence of variants; immune escape; reaction-diffusion equations; viral infection |
| Entry Date(s): | Date Created: 20230511 Date Completed: 20230515 Latest Revision: 20230518 |
| Update Code: | 20260130 |
| PubMed Central ID: | PMC10165551 |
| DOI: | 10.3389/fimmu.2022.945228 |
| PMID: | 37168105 |
| Database: | MEDLINE |
Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't