Sedative drug prescription patterns in Danish adults from 2002 through 2021. A register-based cohort study.
| Title: | Sedative drug prescription patterns in Danish adults from 2002 through 2021. A register-based cohort study. |
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| Authors: | Osler M; Center for Clinical Research and Prevention, Copenhagen University Hospital - Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Public Health, Section of Epidemiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark. Electronic address: Merete.osler@regionh.dk.; Rosenqvist TW; Center for Clinical Research and Prevention, Copenhagen University Hospital - Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Copenhagen, Denmark.; Wium-Andersen IK; Center for Clinical Research and Prevention, Copenhagen University Hospital - Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Copenhagen, Denmark.; Wium-Andersen MK; Center for Clinical Research and Prevention, Copenhagen University Hospital - Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Copenhagen, Denmark.; Sloth MMB; Center for Clinical Research and Prevention, Copenhagen University Hospital - Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Copenhagen, Denmark.; Larsen EN; Center for Clinical Research and Prevention, Copenhagen University Hospital - Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Copenhagen, Denmark.; Jørgensen MB; Psychiatric Center Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.; Gronemann FH; Center for Clinical Research and Prevention, Copenhagen University Hospital - Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Copenhagen, Denmark. |
| Source: | Journal of psychiatric research [J Psychiatr Res] 2024 Apr; Vol. 172, pp. 129-135. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Feb 15. |
| Publication Type: | Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't |
| Language: | English |
| Journal Info: | Publisher: Pergamon Press Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 0376331 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1879-1379 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 00223956 NLM ISO Abbreviation: J Psychiatr Res Subsets: MEDLINE |
| Imprint Name(s): | Original Publication: Oxford : Pergamon Press |
| MeSH Terms: | Anti-Anxiety Agents*/therapeutic use ; Melatonin*/therapeutic use; Hypnotics and Sedatives/therapeutic use ; Benzodiazepines/therapeutic use ; Denmark/epidemiology ; Adult ; Humans ; Cohort Studies ; Quetiapine Fumarate ; Promethazine ; Drug Prescriptions |
| Abstract: | Objective: Pharmacological treatment strategies for insomnia seem to vary, and there is lack of knowledge about how sedative drugs are used in a real-world setting. We investigated changes in sedative drug prescription patterns in Danish adults who initiated treatment between 2002 and 2016.; Methods: All adults with a first-time purchase of a sedative drug registered in the Danish National Prescription Register from 2002 through 2016 were followed for five years between 2002 and 2021 for subsequent prescriptions of sedative drugs, death, or emigration. Sedative drugs were classified into anxiolytic benzodiazepines (N05BA), hypnotic benzodiazepines (N05CD), Z-drugs (N05CF), melatonin (N05CH01), promethazine (R06AD), and low-dose quetiapine (N05AH04). Analyses were stratified on time: 2002-2006, 2007-2011, and 2012-2016.; Results: A total of 842,880 individuals purchased their first sedative drug between 2002 and 2016. Most of them (40.0%) initiated treatment between 2002 and 2006, whereas 29.2% initiated treatment in 2012-2016. In 2002-2006, anxiolytic benzodiazepines (46.4%), Z-drugs (42.8%), and hypnotic benzodiazepines (5.4%) were the most common first treatment. This pattern changed over time with a gradual increase in the use of melatonin, promethazine, and low-dose quetiapine, which in 2011-2016 accounted for 27% of all first treatments. During the five years from first prescription, around 27% shifted to a different sedative drug. This percentage increased slightly over time, but over time the first shift to another drug class was most often to a Z-drug or anxiolytic benzodiazepine. Few individuals (5.8%) had more than one shift and the third choice seemed randomly distributed across all other drug classes.; Conclusion: Sedative drug prescriptions are distributed on different drug classes, with Z-drugs and anxiolytic benzodiazepines as the most frequent first treatment, and second choice in case of shift.; (Copyright © 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.) |
| Competing Interests: | Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. |
| Contributed Indexing: | Keywords: Benzodiazepines; Cohort study; Low-dose quetiapine; Melatonin; Treatment pattens; Z-drugs |
| Substance Nomenclature: | 0 (Hypnotics and Sedatives); 0 (Anti-Anxiety Agents); 2S3PL1B6UJ (Quetiapine Fumarate); FF28EJQ494 (Promethazine); JL5DK93RCL (Melatonin); 12794-10-4 (Benzodiazepines) |
| Entry Date(s): | Date Created: 20240220 Date Completed: 20240401 Latest Revision: 20240918 |
| Update Code: | 20260130 |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2023.12.040 |
| PMID: | 38377668 |
| Database: | MEDLINE |
Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't