Oxalate nephropathy in cattle associated with the consumption of Megathyrsus maximus in Argentina.
| Title: | Oxalate nephropathy in cattle associated with the consumption of Megathyrsus maximus in Argentina. |
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| Authors: | Avellaneda-Cáceres A; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina.; Área de investigación en Salud Animal, Instituto de Investigación Animal del Chaco Semiárido, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria, Cerrillos, Salta, Argentina.; Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Salta, Salta, Argentina.; Lee ST; Poisonous Plant Research Laboratory, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Logan, UT, USA.; Ruiz Á; Área de investigación en Salud Animal, Instituto de Investigación Animal del Chaco Semiárido, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria, Cerrillos, Salta, Argentina.; Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias y Veterinarias, Universidad Católica de Salta, Salta, Argentina.; Sandoval GV; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina.; Área de investigación en Salud Animal, Instituto de Investigación Animal del Chaco Semiárido, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria, Cerrillos, Salta, Argentina.; Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias y Veterinarias, Universidad Católica de Salta, Salta, Argentina.; Colque-Caro LA; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina.; Área de investigación en Salud Animal, Instituto de Investigación Animal del Chaco Semiárido, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria, Cerrillos, Salta, Argentina.; Cook D; Poisonous Plant Research Laboratory, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Logan, UT, USA.; Aguirre LS; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina.; Área de investigación en Salud Animal, Instituto de Investigación Animal del Chaco Semiárido, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria, Cerrillos, Salta, Argentina.; Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias y Veterinarias, Universidad Católica de Salta, Salta, Argentina.; Uzal FA; California Animal Health and Food Safety, San Bernardino branch, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California-Davis, San Bernardino, CA, USA.; Micheloud JF; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina.; Área de investigación en Salud Animal, Instituto de Investigación Animal del Chaco Semiárido, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria, Cerrillos, Salta, Argentina.; Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias y Veterinarias, Universidad Católica de Salta, Salta, Argentina. |
| Source: | Journal of veterinary diagnostic investigation : official publication of the American Association of Veterinary Laboratory Diagnosticians, Inc [J Vet Diagn Invest] 2025 Sep; Vol. 37 (5), pp. 813-816. Date of Electronic Publication: 2025 May 19. |
| Publication Type: | Journal Article; Case Reports |
| Language: | English |
| Journal Info: | Publisher: Sage Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 9011490 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1943-4936 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 10406387 NLM ISO Abbreviation: J Vet Diagn Invest Subsets: MEDLINE |
| Imprint Name(s): | Publication: 2011-: Thousand Oaks, CA : Sage; Original Publication: 1989-2004 : Columbia, MO : American Association of Veterinary Laboratory Diagnosticians |
| MeSH Terms: | Cattle Diseases*/pathology ; Cattle Diseases*/etiology ; Cattle Diseases*/chemically induced ; Kidney Diseases*/veterinary ; Kidney Diseases*/pathology ; Kidney Diseases*/etiology ; Kidney Diseases*/chemically induced ; Oxalates*/metabolism ; Animal Feed*/analysis; Argentina/epidemiology ; Animals ; Cattle ; Female ; Fatal Outcome |
| Abstract: | Over a 2-wk period, 20 cows that were grazing a Megathyrsus maximus (Guinea grass) pasture died after developing depression, respiratory difficulty, and recumbency. Affected animals had increased serum urea, phosphorus, and creatinine concentrations, and below-normal calcium concentrations. Autopsy revealed moderate ascites; mildly enlarged, pale, mottled kidneys; and perirenal edema. Microscopically, there was hyperplasia of mesangial cells in the renal glomeruli, renal tubular epithelial necrosis, and hyaline casts and refractive crystals in cortical and medullary renal tubular lumens. Samples of M. maximus from the affected pasture contained elevated concentrations of soluble oxalate (3.71%). Our findings suggest that oxalate produced by M. maximus caused acute tubular injury. Our case highlights the critical need for monitoring oxalate levels in pastures and managing grazing practices, particularly under drought conditions, to prevent similar outbreaks in the future. |
| Competing Interests: | Declaration of conflicting interestsThe authors declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article. |
| Contributed Indexing: | Keywords: Guinea grass; Megathyrsus maximus; cattle; forage; oxalate nephropathy; poisonous plants |
| Substance Nomenclature: | 0 (Oxalates) |
| Entry Date(s): | Date Created: 20250519 Date Completed: 20250828 Latest Revision: 20250912 |
| Update Code: | 20260130 |
| PubMed Central ID: | PMC12089113 |
| DOI: | 10.1177/10406387251336265 |
| PMID: | 40386928 |
| Database: | MEDLINE |
Journal Article; Case Reports