Comparison between Saliva and Nasopharyngeal Swabs for the Rapid Detection of Respiratory Viruses Using the Roche Cobas® Liat® Polymerase Chain Reaction System in Rural Guatemala.
| Title: | Comparison between Saliva and Nasopharyngeal Swabs for the Rapid Detection of Respiratory Viruses Using the Roche Cobas® Liat® Polymerase Chain Reaction System in Rural Guatemala. |
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| Authors: | Paiz-Reyes C; Center for Human Development, Fundación para la Salud Integral de los Guatemaltecos, Aldea Los Encuentros, Retalhuleu, Guatemala.; Arias K; Center for Human Development, Fundación para la Salud Integral de los Guatemaltecos, Aldea Los Encuentros, Retalhuleu, Guatemala.; Del Cid-Villatoro J; Center for Human Development, Fundación para la Salud Integral de los Guatemaltecos, Aldea Los Encuentros, Retalhuleu, Guatemala.; Vásquez D; Center for Human Development, Fundación para la Salud Integral de los Guatemaltecos, Aldea Los Encuentros, Retalhuleu, Guatemala.; Gomez M; Center for Human Development, Fundación para la Salud Integral de los Guatemaltecos, Aldea Los Encuentros, Retalhuleu, Guatemala.; Rojop N; Center for Human Development, Fundación para la Salud Integral de los Guatemaltecos, Aldea Los Encuentros, Retalhuleu, Guatemala.; Mejia W; Center for Human Development, Fundación para la Salud Integral de los Guatemaltecos, Aldea Los Encuentros, Retalhuleu, Guatemala.; Lamb MM; Department of Epidemiology, University of Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora, Colorado.; Chu M; Department of Epidemiology, University of Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora, Colorado.; Calvimontes Barrientos DM; Center for Human Development, Fundación para la Salud Integral de los Guatemaltecos, Aldea Los Encuentros, Retalhuleu, Guatemala.; Asturias EJ; Center for Human Development, Fundación para la Salud Integral de los Guatemaltecos, Aldea Los Encuentros, Retalhuleu, Guatemala.; Department of Epidemiology, University of Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora, Colorado.; University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado.; Olson D; Center for Human Development, Fundación para la Salud Integral de los Guatemaltecos, Aldea Los Encuentros, Retalhuleu, Guatemala.; Department of Epidemiology, University of Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora, Colorado.; University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado. |
| Source: | The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene [Am J Trop Med Hyg] 2025 May 27; Vol. 113 (2), pp. 334-337. Date of Electronic Publication: 2025 May 27 (Print Publication: 2025). |
| Publication Type: | Journal Article; Comparative Study |
| Language: | English |
| Journal Info: | Publisher: American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 0370507 Publication Model: Electronic-Print Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1476-1645 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 00029637 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Am J Trop Med Hyg Subsets: MEDLINE |
| Imprint Name(s): | Publication: Northbrook, IL : American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene; Original Publication: Baltimore. |
| MeSH Terms: | Saliva*/virology ; Nasopharynx*/virology ; SARS-CoV-2*/isolation & purification ; SARS-CoV-2*/genetics ; COVID-19*/diagnosis ; COVID-19*/virology ; COVID-19*/epidemiology ; Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections*/diagnosis ; Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections*/virology ; Influenza, Human*/diagnosis ; Influenza, Human*/virology; Guatemala/epidemiology ; Respiratory Syncytial Virus, Human/isolation & purification ; Respiratory Syncytial Virus, Human/genetics ; Influenza A virus/isolation & purification ; Influenza A virus/genetics ; Influenza B virus/isolation & purification ; Influenza B virus/genetics ; Humans ; Adult ; Female ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Aged ; Rural Population ; Young Adult ; Adolescent ; Sensitivity and Specificity |
| Abstract: | We evaluated the performance of saliva compared with nasopharyngeal (NP) swabs for the detection of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), influenza A/B, and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) using the Roche cobas® Liat® point-of-care platform (Roche, Basel, Switzerland). Within an existing adult cohort in Guatemala, consenting participants with influenza-like illness (ILI) provided paired saliva and NP swabs, which were tested for SARS-CoV-2, influenza A/B, and RSV on the Liat platform. Among 138 ILI episodes from 123 enrolled subjects, 35/124 (28.2%), 5/135 (3.7%), 6/135 (4.4%), and 7/135 (5.2%) samples were reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction-positive for SARS-CoV-2, influenza A, influenza B, and RSV, respectively. For SARS-CoV-2, saliva/NP agreement was 90.3% (Cohen's kappa = 0.731); 12 (9.7%) of the samples were discordant (three saliva-positive only, nine NP-positive only); and the median cycle threshold (Ct) for saliva was higher than that for NP (26.53 versus 23.54; P = 0.005). In our setting, saliva had a lower viral load correlate (Ct) but maintained a good correlation with NP swabs for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 on the Liat platform. |
| Entry Date(s): | Date Created: 20250527 Date Completed: 20250806 Latest Revision: 20250820 |
| Update Code: | 20260130 |
| PubMed Central ID: | PMC12360069 |
| DOI: | 10.4269/ajtmh.24-0184 |
| PMID: | 40424997 |
| Database: | MEDLINE |
Journal Article; Comparative Study