Social, Demographic and Health Risk Factors for Head Growth in Infants in Rural Guatemala: A Prospective Cohort Study.
| Title: | Social, Demographic and Health Risk Factors for Head Growth in Infants in Rural Guatemala: A Prospective Cohort Study. |
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| Authors: | Connery AK; Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA. amy.connery@childrenscolorado.org.; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA. amy.connery@childrenscolorado.org.; Colorado School of Public Health, Center for Global Health, Aurora, CO, USA. amy.connery@childrenscolorado.org.; Becker-Dreps S; Department of Family Medicine, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.; Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina Gillings School of Global Public Health, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.; Calvimontes DM; Center for Human Development, Fundación Para La Salud Integral de los Guatemaltecos, Retalhuleu, Guatemala.; Roell Y; Colorado School of Public Health, Center for Global Health, Aurora, CO, USA.; Colbert AM; Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA.; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA.; Olson D; Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA.; Colorado School of Public Health, Center for Global Health, Aurora, CO, USA.; Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA.; Asturias EJ; Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA.; Colorado School of Public Health, Center for Global Health, Aurora, CO, USA.; Center for Human Development, Fundación Para La Salud Integral de los Guatemaltecos, Retalhuleu, Guatemala.; Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA.; Lamb MM; Colorado School of Public Health, Center for Global Health, Aurora, CO, USA.; Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora, CO, USA. |
| Source: | Maternal and child health journal [Matern Child Health J] 2025 Oct; Vol. 29 (10), pp. 1479-1487. Date of Electronic Publication: 2025 Jul 19. |
| Publication Type: | Journal Article |
| Language: | English |
| Journal Info: | Publisher: Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 9715672 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1573-6628 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 10927875 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Matern Child Health J Subsets: MEDLINE |
| Imprint Name(s): | Publication: 1999- : New York, NY : Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers; Original Publication: New York : Plenum Press, c1997- |
| MeSH Terms: | Rural Population*/statistics & numerical data ; Head*/growth & development ; Child Development*; Guatemala/epidemiology ; Humans ; Prospective Studies ; Female ; Infant ; Risk Factors ; Male ; Infant, Newborn ; Adult ; Cohort Studies ; Socioeconomic Factors |
| Abstract: | Objectives: We explored social, demographic, and health risk factors for occipitofrontal circumference (OFC) growth in infants living in a rural, low-resource region of Guatemala.; Methods: OFC was measured at enrollment (0.1-2.9 months of age) and one year later (11.5-16.1 months of age) for 430 infants participating in a prospective cohort study conducted between 2017 and 2019. Potential predictors were collected at enrollment or were measured during the year of the study. We performed a two-stage risk factor analysis, using univariate regression modeling to identify potential risk factors, followed by multivariable regression modeling to identify independent, significant risk factors for smaller OFC at birth and 1 year in this low resource setting.; Results: Mean OFC at enrollment was -0.4 (1.2) and at 1 year was -1.1 (0.9). Probable zika exposure in utero and shorter maternal height were independently, significantly associated with smaller OFC at both enrollment and 1 year. Exposure to cigarette smoking in utero was independently significantly associated with smaller OFC at enrollment. Infant complications at birth, microcephaly at enrollment and stunting at enrollment were also independently significantly associated with smaller OFC at 1 year (all p-values |
| Competing Interests: | Declarations. Conflicts of Interest: None. Ethical Approval: The authors assert that all procedures contributing to this work comply with the ethical standards of the relevant national guidelines on human experimentation (Institutional Review Board at Baylor College of Medicine, the Colorado Multiple Institutional Review Board) and with the Helsinki Declaration of 1975, as revised in 2008, and has been approved by the institutional committees, the Institutional Review Board at Baylor College of Medicine, the Colorado Multiple Institutional Review Board, and the Ethics Review Committee of the Ministry of Public Health in Guatemala. Consent to Participate: Per local ethics committee requirements, the consent was signed by the mother if at least 18 years old or by a grandparent if the mother was 16–17 years of age. Consent for Publication: Not applicable. |
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| Contributed Indexing: | Keywords: Children; LMICs; Microcephaly; Occipitofrontal growth |
| Entry Date(s): | Date Created: 20250719 Date Completed: 20251001 Latest Revision: 20251001 |
| Update Code: | 20260130 |
| DOI: | 10.1007/s10995-025-04144-0 |
| PMID: | 40682606 |
| Database: | MEDLINE |
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