Investigation of Viscoelastic Properties of Macrophage Membrane-Cytoskeleton Induced by Gold Nanorods in Leishmania Infection.
| Title: | Investigation of Viscoelastic Properties of Macrophage Membrane-Cytoskeleton Induced by Gold Nanorods in Leishmania Infection. |
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| Authors: | Pertence MLB; Department of Physics, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos 6627, Pampulha, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, MG, Brazil.; Guedes MV; Department of Physics, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos 6627, Pampulha, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, MG, Brazil.; Barcelos RC; Department of Chemistry, Federal University of São João del-Rei, Praça Dom Helvécio 74, Centro, São João del-Rei 36301-160, MG, Brazil.; Rugani JN; René Rachou Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Av. Augusto de Lima 1715, Barro Preto, Belo Horizonte 30190-002, MG, Brazil.; Soares RP; René Rachou Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Av. Augusto de Lima 1715, Barro Preto, Belo Horizonte 30190-002, MG, Brazil.; Cruz JLV; René Rachou Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Av. Augusto de Lima 1715, Barro Preto, Belo Horizonte 30190-002, MG, Brazil.; de Sousa AM; René Rachou Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Av. Augusto de Lima 1715, Barro Preto, Belo Horizonte 30190-002, MG, Brazil.; do Monte-Neto RL; René Rachou Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Av. Augusto de Lima 1715, Barro Preto, Belo Horizonte 30190-002, MG, Brazil.; Siman LG; Department of Physics, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos 6627, Pampulha, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, MG, Brazil.; Lage ACP; René Rachou Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Av. Augusto de Lima 1715, Barro Preto, Belo Horizonte 30190-002, MG, Brazil.; Agero U; Department of Physics, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos 6627, Pampulha, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, MG, Brazil. |
| Source: | Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) [Nanomaterials (Basel)] 2025 Sep 05; Vol. 15 (17). Date of Electronic Publication: 2025 Sep 05. |
| Publication Type: | Journal Article |
| Language: | English |
| Journal Info: | Publisher: MDPI AG Country of Publication: Switzerland NLM ID: 101610216 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Print ISSN: 2079-4991 (Print) Linking ISSN: 20794991 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Nanomaterials (Basel) Subsets: PubMed not MEDLINE |
| Imprint Name(s): | Original Publication: Basel, Switzerland : MDPI AG, [2011]- |
| Abstract: | Cell membranes and the cytoskeleton play crucial roles in the regulation of cellular responses by mediating mechanical forces and physical stimuli from the microenvironment through their viscoelastic properties. Investigating these properties provides valuable insights into disease mechanisms and therapeutic strategies. Gold nanorods (GNRs), especially under irradiation, exhibit lethal effects against Leishmania parasites through plasmonic photothermal conversion. In this study, we focus on evaluating the effects of non-irradiated GNRs on macrophage properties to better understand their intrinsic interactions with cells and support the development of future phototherapy applications. Here, defocusing microscopy (DM), a quantitative phase microscopy technique, was used to analyze membrane fluctuations in macrophages (M∅s) exposed to GNRs (average length of 43±8 nm and diameter of 20±4 nm) and infected with Leishmania amazonensis. By quantifying membrane-cytoskeleton fluctuation from defocused images, we extracted viscoelastic parameters, including bending modulus (kc) and viscosity (η), to characterize membrane behavior in detail. Our results show that infection increases both kc and η, while treatment at IC50 reduces infection and selectively increases kc without affecting η. In healthy macrophages, exposure to GNRs resulted in a reduction in both parameters, indicative of increased membrane fluidity and cytoskeletal rearrangement. These findings provide new insights into the biomechanical effects of GNRs on macrophages and may enlighten the design of future phototherapeutic approaches. |
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| Grant Information: | APQ-03450-21 Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais; PROEX Coordenação de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior; CNPQ407032/2021-5，CNPQ305238/2023-0 onselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) |
| Contributed Indexing: | Keywords: cell biomechanics; defocusing microscopy; gold nanorods; leishmaniasis; quantitative phase microscopy; viscoelastic properties |
| Entry Date(s): | Date Created: 20250912 Date Completed: 20250915 Latest Revision: 20250915 |
| Update Code: | 20260130 |
| PubMed Central ID: | PMC12430347 |
| DOI: | 10.3390/nano15171373 |
| PMID: | 40938051 |
| Database: | MEDLINE |
Journal Article