Orange Peel-Mediated Green Synthesis of ZnO and CuO Nanoparticles: Evaluation for Antimicrobial Activity and Biocompatibility in Tissue Engineering.
| Title: | Orange Peel-Mediated Green Synthesis of ZnO and CuO Nanoparticles: Evaluation for Antimicrobial Activity and Biocompatibility in Tissue Engineering. |
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| Authors: | Radulescu DM; Department of Science and Engineering of Oxide Materials and Nanomaterials, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnologies, National University of Science and Technology POLITEHNICA Bucharest, 011061 Bucharest, Romania.; National Research Center for Micro and Nanomaterials, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnologies, National University of Science and Technology POLITEHNICA Bucharest, 060042 Bucharest, Romania.; Neacsu IA; Department of Science and Engineering of Oxide Materials and Nanomaterials, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnologies, National University of Science and Technology POLITEHNICA Bucharest, 011061 Bucharest, Romania.; National Research Center for Micro and Nanomaterials, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnologies, National University of Science and Technology POLITEHNICA Bucharest, 060042 Bucharest, Romania.; Vasile BS; National Research Center for Micro and Nanomaterials, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnologies, National University of Science and Technology POLITEHNICA Bucharest, 060042 Bucharest, Romania.; Romanian Academy of Scientists, 050045 Bucharest, Romania.; Research Center for Advanced Materials, Products and Processes, National University of Science and Technology POLITEHNICA Bucharest, 060042 Bucharest, Romania.; Surdu VA; Department of Materials Science, Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Transilvania University of Brasov, 29 Eroilor Blvd., 500036 Brasov, Romania.; Oprea OC; National Research Center for Micro and Nanomaterials, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnologies, National University of Science and Technology POLITEHNICA Bucharest, 060042 Bucharest, Romania.; Romanian Academy of Scientists, 050045 Bucharest, Romania.; Trusca RD; National Research Center for Micro and Nanomaterials, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnologies, National University of Science and Technology POLITEHNICA Bucharest, 060042 Bucharest, Romania.; Chircov C; Department of Science and Engineering of Oxide Materials and Nanomaterials, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnologies, National University of Science and Technology POLITEHNICA Bucharest, 011061 Bucharest, Romania.; National Research Center for Micro and Nanomaterials, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnologies, National University of Science and Technology POLITEHNICA Bucharest, 060042 Bucharest, Romania.; Popescu RC; Department of Bioengineering and Biotechnology, Faculty of Medical Engineering, National University of Science and Technology POLITEHNICA Bucharest, Polizu 1-7, 011061 Bucharest, Romania.; Department of Life and Environmental Physics, National Institute for R&D in Physics and Nuclear Engineering Horia Hulubei, Reactorului 30, 077125 Magurele, Romania.; Ilie CI; Department of Science and Engineering of Oxide Materials and Nanomaterials, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnologies, National University of Science and Technology POLITEHNICA Bucharest, 011061 Bucharest, Romania.; National Research Center for Micro and Nanomaterials, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnologies, National University of Science and Technology POLITEHNICA Bucharest, 060042 Bucharest, Romania.; Ditu LM; Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, 060101 Bucharest, Romania.; Drumea V; S.C. BIOTEHNOS S.A., Gorunului 3-5, 075100 Otopeni, Romania.; Andronescu E; Department of Science and Engineering of Oxide Materials and Nanomaterials, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnologies, National University of Science and Technology POLITEHNICA Bucharest, 011061 Bucharest, Romania.; National Research Center for Micro and Nanomaterials, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnologies, National University of Science and Technology POLITEHNICA Bucharest, 060042 Bucharest, Romania.; Romanian Academy of Scientists, 050045 Bucharest, Romania. |
| Source: | International journal of molecular sciences [Int J Mol Sci] 2025 Sep 09; Vol. 26 (18). Date of Electronic Publication: 2025 Sep 09. |
| Publication Type: | Journal Article |
| Language: | English |
| Journal Info: | Publisher: MDPI Country of Publication: Switzerland NLM ID: 101092791 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1422-0067 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 14220067 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Int J Mol Sci Subsets: MEDLINE |
| Imprint Name(s): | Original Publication: Basel, Switzerland : MDPI, [2000- |
| MeSH Terms: | Zinc Oxide*/chemistry ; Zinc Oxide*/pharmacology ; Copper*/chemistry ; Copper*/pharmacology ; Tissue Engineering*/methods ; Metal Nanoparticles*/chemistry ; Citrus sinensis*/chemistry ; Anti-Infective Agents*/pharmacology ; Anti-Infective Agents*/chemistry ; Anti-Infective Agents*/chemical synthesis ; Biocompatible Materials*/chemistry ; Biocompatible Materials*/pharmacology; Green Chemistry Technology/methods ; Plant Extracts/chemistry ; Candida albicans/drug effects ; Staphylococcus aureus/drug effects ; Fibroblasts/drug effects ; Humans ; Animals ; Mice ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; Cell Line |
| Abstract: | The production of green nanomaterials has drawn considerable interest lately in the fields of tissue engineering and biomedicine. Thus, the environmentally friendly synthesis of ZnO and CuO nanoparticles (NPs) utilizing orange peel extract as a natural capping and reducing agent is the main focus of this study. Our comprehensive approach allows for a direct and systematic comparison of physicochemical attributes, biocompatibility, and antimicrobial activity under identical experimental circumstances, in contrast to other research that looked at individual nanoparticles under different conditions. The produced nanoparticles were characterized by techniques such as FTIR, XRD, SEM, TGA, and zeta potential assessment. MG-63 osteoblast-like cells, primary human dermal fibroblast BJ cells, and murine fibroblast L929 cells were used to evaluate biocompatibility using the MTT assay. The results showed dose-dependent cytotoxicity, especially above 25 µg/mL. Furthermore, both qualitative (growth inhibition zone diameter) and quantitative (minimum inhibitory concentration, MIC) techniques were used to assess the antimicrobial efficacy against Candida albicans and Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. According to the obtained results, ZnO NPs showed broad-spectrum efficacy, whereas CuO NPs showed excellent antibacterial activity against Gram-positive bacteria (e.g., S. aureus, MIC = 0.313 μg/μL). The study highlights the potential of green-synthesized nanoparticles for utilization in biomedical applications, and it stresses the need for additional mechanistic research, including ROS measurement, to completely understand how they work. |
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| Contributed Indexing: | Keywords: antimicrobial activity; biocompatibility; biofilm inhibition; copper oxide nanoparticles; green synthesis; nanoparticles; tissue engineering; zinc oxide nanoparticles |
| Substance Nomenclature: | SOI2LOH54Z (Zinc Oxide); 789U1901C5 (Copper); V1XJQ704R4 (cupric oxide); 0 (Anti-Infective Agents); 0 (Plant Extracts); 0 (Biocompatible Materials) |
| Entry Date(s): | Date Created: 20250927 Date Completed: 20250927 Latest Revision: 20250930 |
| Update Code: | 20260130 |
| PubMed Central ID: | PMC12469477 |
| DOI: | 10.3390/ijms26188781 |
| PMID: | 41009350 |
| Database: | MEDLINE |
Journal Article