Vitamin D and Cardiovascular Disease: The "Good", the "Bad", and the "Unknown".
| Title: | Vitamin D and Cardiovascular Disease: The "Good", the "Bad", and the "Unknown". |
|---|---|
| Authors: | Giamundo DM; Department of Systems Medicine, University Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy.; Morello M; Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center and Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA.; Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, 25121 Brescia, Italy.; Pastena P; Division of Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA.; Bernardi M; Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University, 00185 Latina, Italy.; Spadafora L; Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University, 00185 Latina, Italy.; Cacciatore S; Department of Geriatrics, Orthopedics, and Rheumatology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy.; Fondazione Policlinico Universitario 'Agostino Gemelli' IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy.; Perone F; Cardiac Rehabilitation Unit, Rehabilitation Clinic 'Villa delle Magnolie', Castel Morrone, 81020 Caserta, Italy.; Caminiti G; Department of Human Science and Promotion of Quality of Life, San Raffaele Open University, 00166 Rome, Italy.; Cardiology Rehabilitation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele, 00166 Rome, Italy.; Sabouret P; Heart Institute, Boulevard de l'Hôpital, ACTION Study Group-CHU Pitié-Salpétrière Paris, 75013 Paris, France.; Collège National des Cardiologues Français (CNCF), 75014 Paris, France.; Cesaro A; Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli', 80138 Naples, Italy.; Division of Cardiology, A.O.R.N. 'Sant'Anna e San Sebastiano', 81100 Caserta, Italy.; Muro FMD; Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA.; Cardiology Unit, Cardiovascular and Thoracic Department, University Hospital San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d'Aragona, 84131 Salerno, Italy.; Golino M; Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center and Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA.; Pauley Heart Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA. |
| Source: | Reviews in cardiovascular medicine [Rev Cardiovasc Med] 2025 Oct 27; Vol. 26 (10), pp. 40001. Date of Electronic Publication: 2025 Oct 27 (Print Publication: 2025). |
| Publication Type: | Journal Article; Review |
| Language: | English |
| Journal Info: | Publisher: IMR Press Country of Publication: Singapore NLM ID: 100960007 Publication Model: eCollection Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 2153-8174 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 15306550 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Rev Cardiovasc Med Subsets: PubMed not MEDLINE |
| Imprint Name(s): | Publication: Singapore : IMR Press; Original Publication: Mercer Island, WA : MedReviews, LLC |
| Abstract: | Vitamin D is a key regulator of calcium and phosphorus homeostasis; meanwhile, the dietary absence of vitamin D represents the most common nutritional deficiency worldwide. The discovery of vitamin D receptors and conversion enzymes within the cardiovascular system has fueled growing interest in the potential roles of vitamin D beyond bone health. Indeed, preclinical studies have suggested that vitamin D might regulate vascular tone and exert antifibrotic and anti-remodeling effects on the myocardium. Furthermore, a deficit in vitamin D has been associated with an increased risk of hypertension, atherosclerosis, and heart failure. These findings have prompted several interventional studies to investigate whether vitamin D supplementation can mitigate cardiovascular risk. However, current evidence regarding the cardiovascular benefits of vitamin D intake remains inconsistent and inconclusive. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the "good", the "bad", and the "unknown" aspects of the relationship between vitamin D and cardiovascular disease.; (Copyright: © 2025 The Author(s). Published by IMR Press.) |
| Competing Interests: | The authors declare no conflict of interest. Francesco Perone is serving as Guest Editor of this journal. We declare that Francesco Perone had no involvement in the peer review of this article and has no access to information regarding its peer review. Full responsibility for the editorial process for this article was delegated to Ruan Kruger. |
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| Contributed Indexing: | Keywords: atherosclerosis; cardiovascular diseases; heart failure; hypertension; vitamin D deficiency |
| Entry Date(s): | Date Created: 20251110 Date Completed: 20251112 Latest Revision: 20251112 |
| Update Code: | 20260130 |
| PubMed Central ID: | PMC12593739 |
| DOI: | 10.31083/RCM40001 |
| PMID: | 41209105 |
| Database: | MEDLINE |
Journal Article; Review