Sex-Independent Upregulation of miR-146a-5p in Parkinson's Disease Patients: A Longitudinal Study.
| Title: | Sex-Independent Upregulation of miR-146a-5p in Parkinson's Disease Patients: A Longitudinal Study. |
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| Authors: | Vallelunga A; Centro de Investigación en Reproducción Animal, CINVESTAV-Universidad Autónoma de Tlaxcala, AP 62, Tlaxcala CP 90000, Mexico.; Iannitti T; Section of Experimental Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara 70, 44121 Ferrara, Italy.; Dati G; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry 'Scuola Medica Salernitana', Neuroscience Section, University of Salerno, 84131 Salerno, Italy.; Morales-Medina JC; Centro de Investigación en Reproducción Animal, CINVESTAV-Universidad Autónoma de Tlaxcala, AP 62, Tlaxcala CP 90000, Mexico.; Laboratorio de Neuropsiquiatria, Instituto de Fisiología, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla 72570, Mexico.; Picillo M; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry 'Scuola Medica Salernitana', Neuroscience Section, University of Salerno, 84131 Salerno, Italy.; Amboni M; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry 'Scuola Medica Salernitana', Neuroscience Section, University of Salerno, 84131 Salerno, Italy.; Cicero CE; Neurologic Unit, AOU 'Policlinico-San Marco', Department of Medical, Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies, GF Ingrassia, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy.; Cilia R; Parkinson and Movement Disorders Unit, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, 20133 Milano, Italy.; De Micco R; Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, 80138 Napoli, Italy.; De Rosa A; Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences, Federico II University, 80131 Naples, Italy.; Di Fonzo A; Neurology Unit, IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy.; Eleopra R; Parkinson and Movement Disorders Unit, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, 20133 Milano, Italy.; Giglio A; Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences, Federico II University, 80131 Naples, Italy.; Lazzeri G; Centro Parkinson e Parkinsonismi, ASST G. Pini-CTO, 20122 Milano, Italy.; Nicoletti A; Neurologic Unit, AOU 'Policlinico-San Marco', Department of Medical, Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies, GF Ingrassia, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy.; Pacchetti C; Parkinson's Disease and Movement Disorders Unit, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, 27100 Pavia, Italy.; Soricelli A; IRCCS SYNLAB SDN, 80143 Naples, Italy.; Tessitore A; Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, 80138 Napoli, Italy.; Zangaglia R; Parkinson's Disease and Movement Disorders Unit, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, 27100 Pavia, Italy.; Barone P; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry 'Scuola Medica Salernitana', Neuroscience Section, University of Salerno, 84131 Salerno, Italy.; IRCCS SYNLAB SDN, 80143 Naples, Italy.; Pellecchia MT; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry 'Scuola Medica Salernitana', Neuroscience Section, University of Salerno, 84131 Salerno, Italy. |
| Source: | International journal of molecular sciences [Int J Mol Sci] 2025 Oct 23; Vol. 26 (21). Date of Electronic Publication: 2025 Oct 23. |
| Publication Type: | Journal Article |
| Language: | English |
| Journal Info: | Publisher: MDPI Country of Publication: Switzerland NLM ID: 101092791 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1422-0067 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 14220067 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Int J Mol Sci Subsets: MEDLINE |
| Imprint Name(s): | Original Publication: Basel, Switzerland : MDPI, [2000- |
| MeSH Terms: | Parkinson Disease*/blood ; Parkinson Disease*/diagnosis ; MicroRNAs*/blood ; MicroRNAs*/metabolism; Biomarkers/blood ; Biomarkers/metabolism ; Up-Regulation ; Sex Factors ; Humans ; Male ; Female ; Middle Aged ; Aged ; Longitudinal Studies ; Disease Progression |
| Abstract: | Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by motor and non-motor symptoms. The absence of reliable fluid biomarkers continues to hinder early diagnosis and effective monitoring of disease progression. Circulating microRNAs (cmiRNAs) are potential candidates, given their stability in biofluids and their ability to mirror pathological processes. We conducted a longitudinal study in 30 early-stage levodopa-naive PD patients (22 men, 8 women). Serum samples were collected at baseline (T0) and at a follow-up time point two years later (T2). A panel of MicroRNAs (miRNAs) (miR-146a-5p, miR-34a-5p, miR-155-5p, miR-29a-3p, miR-106a-5p) were quantified by quantitative real-time PCR. Data were expressed as relative expression (2^-ΔCt), and statistical analyses included sex-stratified comparisons and paired tests for longitudinal changes. At baseline, no significant differences were found in the expression of the miRNAs between male and female PD patients. In contrast, longitudinal within-subject analysis revealed a highly significant upregulation in miR-146a-5p expression from T0 to T2 in both sexes (p < 0.0001). No other miRNAs in the panel exhibited significant changes over time. CmiR-146a-5p levels rise markedly over time in PD patients, independent of sex, suggesting that this miRNA could be a dynamic biomarker of disease progression. |
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| Grant Information: | AIFA code: 2016-02364714 Italian Medicines Agency |
| Contributed Indexing: | Keywords: Parkinson’s disease; biomarkers; miRNAs; personalized medicine; sex and gender; sex specific differences; sex specific evidence |
| Substance Nomenclature: | 0 (MIRN146 microRNA, human); 0 (MicroRNAs); 0 (Biomarkers) |
| Entry Date(s): | Date Created: 20251113 Date Completed: 20260205 Latest Revision: 20260205 |
| Update Code: | 20260206 |
| PubMed Central ID: | PMC12610492 |
| DOI: | 10.3390/ijms262110315 |
| PMID: | 41226356 |
| Database: | MEDLINE |
Journal Article