Multiscale Imaging of Human Adipose Tissue: A Neglected Partner in Proteinuria Linked to Obesity.
| Title: | Multiscale Imaging of Human Adipose Tissue: A Neglected Partner in Proteinuria Linked to Obesity. |
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| Authors: | Viggiano D; Division of General, Oncological, Mini-Invasive and Obesity Surgery, University of Study of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli', via Luigi Pansini n° 5, 80131 Naples, Italy.; Bortone E; Division of General, Oncological, Mini-Invasive and Obesity Surgery, University of Study of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli', via Luigi Pansini n° 5, 80131 Naples, Italy.; Tolone S; Division of General, Oncological, Mini-Invasive and Obesity Surgery, University of Study of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli', via Luigi Pansini n° 5, 80131 Naples, Italy.; Lucido FS; Division of General, Oncological, Mini-Invasive and Obesity Surgery, University of Study of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli', via Luigi Pansini n° 5, 80131 Naples, Italy.; Gambardella C; Division of General, Oncological, Mini-Invasive and Obesity Surgery, University of Study of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli', via Luigi Pansini n° 5, 80131 Naples, Italy.; Nesta G; Division of General, Oncological, Mini-Invasive and Obesity Surgery, University of Study of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli', via Luigi Pansini n° 5, 80131 Naples, Italy.; Gigliotti G; UOC Nephrology, Eboli Hospital, 84025 Eboli, Italy.; Nigro M; UOC Nephrology, Eboli Hospital, 84025 Eboli, Italy.; Paolicelli M; Division of General, Oncological, Mini-Invasive and Obesity Surgery, University of Study of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli', via Luigi Pansini n° 5, 80131 Naples, Italy.; D'Orlando V; Division of General, Oncological, Mini-Invasive and Obesity Surgery, University of Study of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli', via Luigi Pansini n° 5, 80131 Naples, Italy.; Docimo L; Division of General, Oncological, Mini-Invasive and Obesity Surgery, University of Study of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli', via Luigi Pansini n° 5, 80131 Naples, Italy. |
| Source: | Biomedicines [Biomedicines] 2025 Nov 06; Vol. 13 (11). Date of Electronic Publication: 2025 Nov 06. |
| Publication Type: | Journal Article; Review |
| Language: | English |
| Journal Info: | Publisher: MDPI AG Country of Publication: Switzerland NLM ID: 101691304 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Print ISSN: 2227-9059 (Print) Linking ISSN: 22279059 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Biomedicines Subsets: PubMed not MEDLINE |
| Imprint Name(s): | Original Publication: Basel, Switzerland : MDPI AG, [2013]- |
| Abstract: | Nephrotic syndrome (NS) is a systemic disorder characterized not only by glomerular dysfunction but also by profound dysregulation of lipid metabolism and microvascular integrity. Adipose tissue, as a central lipid-handling and endocrine organ, undergoes structural and functional remodeling in chronic renal conditions yet remains underexplored in this context. The aim of this manuscript is to integrate adipose tissue imaging into the diagnostic and mechanistic framework of NS. To establish this perspective, we first summarize current knowledge on adipose tissue architecture and imaging in both physiological states and renal disease. We then present a multimodal imaging approach-combining ultrasound (US), histology, and atomic force microscopy (AFM)-applied to human adipose tissue as a potential diagnostic and pathophysiological marker in NS. Original imaging from our laboratory experience is presented as a demonstrative material, complemented by literature synthesis. Given that different modalities of imaging-based characterization of adipose tissue are sparse across the literature, this pictorial review offers a guide to identifying structural biomarkers of adipose remodeling in NS. By bridging imaging modalities with metabolic and vascular perturbations observed in NS, this work aims to guide future research toward the clinical application of adipose tissue imaging in renal disease. This provides insights into cell size heterogeneity, vascular topology, and subcellular features such as membrane wrinkles and nanodomain organization. We propose that such morphometric parameters, accessible via minimally invasive biopsies, could serve as surrogate markers of adipose remodeling in nephrotic syndrome. This sets the stage for integrating adipose tissue imaging into the diagnostic and mechanistic evaluation of systemic features in NS. |
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| Contributed Indexing: | Keywords: AFM; adipocytes; nephrotic syndrome |
| Entry Date(s): | Date Created: 20251127 Date Completed: 20251127 Latest Revision: 20251130 |
| Update Code: | 20260130 |
| PubMed Central ID: | PMC12650066 |
| DOI: | 10.3390/biomedicines13112719 |
| PMID: | 41301812 |
| Database: | MEDLINE |
Journal Article; Review