Global Andrology Forum Clinical Guidelines on Antioxidant Use in the Treatment of Male Infertility.
| Title: | Global Andrology Forum Clinical Guidelines on Antioxidant Use in the Treatment of Male Infertility. |
|---|---|
| Authors: | Agarwal A; Global Andrology Forum, Global Andrology Foundation, Moreland Hills, OH, USA.; Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA. agarwaa32099@outlook.com.; Mostafa T; Global Andrology Forum, Global Andrology Foundation, Moreland Hills, OH, USA.; Department of Andrology, Sexology and STIs, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.; Al Hashimi M; Global Andrology Forum, Global Andrology Foundation, Moreland Hills, OH, USA.; Department of Urology, Burjeel Hospital Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, UAE.; Department of Clinical Urology, College of Medicine and Health Science, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, UAE.; Çayan S; Global Andrology Forum, Global Andrology Foundation, Moreland Hills, OH, USA.; Department of Urology, University of Mersin School of Medicine, Mersin, Türkiye.; Pescatori E; Global Andrology Forum, Global Andrology Foundation, Moreland Hills, OH, USA.; Andrology and Reproductive Medicine Unit, Next Fertility GynePro, Bologna, Italy.; Singh K; Global Andrology Forum, Global Andrology Foundation, Moreland Hills, OH, USA.; Faculty of Medical Sciences, The University of the West Indies, Bridgetown, Barbados.; Department of Surgery, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Bridgetown, Barbados.; Şahin B; Global Andrology Forum, Global Andrology Foundation, Moreland Hills, OH, USA.; Department of Urology, Marmara University School of Medicine, İstanbul, Türkiye.; Zini A; Global Andrology Forum, Global Andrology Foundation, Moreland Hills, OH, USA.; Department of Surgery, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.; Chung E; Global Andrology Forum, Global Andrology Foundation, Moreland Hills, OH, USA.; Department of Urology, University of Queensland/Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Australia.; Department of Urology, AndroUrology Centre, Brisbane, Australia.; Arafa M; Global Andrology Forum, Global Andrology Foundation, Moreland Hills, OH, USA.; Department of Andrology, Sexology and STIs, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.; Department of Urology, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar.; Department of Urology, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Doha, Qatar.; Ko E; Global Andrology Forum, Global Andrology Foundation, Moreland Hills, OH, USA.; Department of Urology, Kaiser Permanente, Fontana, CA, USA.; Pinggera GM; Global Andrology Forum, Global Andrology Foundation, Moreland Hills, OH, USA.; Department of Urology, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.; Saleh R; Global Andrology Forum, Global Andrology Foundation, Moreland Hills, OH, USA.; Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Andrology, Faculty of Medicine, Sohag University, Sohag, Egypt.; Ajyal IVF Center, Ajyal Hospital, Sohag, Egypt.; Atmoko W; Global Andrology Forum, Global Andrology Foundation, Moreland Hills, OH, USA.; Department of Urology, Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia.; Rambhatla A; Global Andrology Forum, Global Andrology Foundation, Moreland Hills, OH, USA.; Vatikutti Urology Institute, Henry Ford Health, Detroit, MI, USA.; College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA.; Cannarella R; Global Andrology Forum, Global Andrology Foundation, Moreland Hills, OH, USA.; Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy.; Palani A; Global Andrology Forum, Global Andrology Foundation, Moreland Hills, OH, USA.; Department of Basic Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Garmian, Kalar, Iraq.; Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Zanko Central Laboratory, Kalar, Iraq.; Ozer C; Global Andrology Forum, Global Andrology Foundation, Moreland Hills, OH, USA.; Department of Urology, Baskent University, Adana, Türkiye.; Abdulgabbar Noman M; Global Andrology Forum, Global Andrology Foundation, Moreland Hills, OH, USA.; Department of Dermatology and Venerology, Sana'a University, Sana'a, Yemen.; Dimitriadis F; Global Andrology Forum, Global Andrology Foundation, Moreland Hills, OH, USA.; Department of Urology, Aristotle University, Thessaloniki, Greece.; Toprak T; Global Andrology Forum, Global Andrology Foundation, Moreland Hills, OH, USA.; Department of Urology, FSM Health Practice and Research Center, Hamidiye Faculty of Medicine, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul, Türkiye.; Ceyhan E; Global Andrology Forum, Global Andrology Foundation, Moreland Hills, OH, USA.; Department of Urology, Baskent University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Türkiye.; Corral Molina JM; Global Andrology Forum, Global Andrology Foundation, Moreland Hills, OH, USA.; Department of Urology, Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.; Nguyen MT; Global Andrology Forum, Global Andrology Foundation, Moreland Hills, OH, USA.; Department of Urology, School of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.; Fertility Centre, Hanh Phuc International Hospital, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.; Department of Andrology, Men's Health Centre, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.; Le TV; Global Andrology Forum, Global Andrology Foundation, Moreland Hills, OH, USA.; Department of Andrology, Binh Dan Hospital, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.; Department of Andrology and Nephro-Urology, Pham Ngoc Thach University of Medicine, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.; Putra R; Global Andrology Forum, Global Andrology Foundation, Moreland Hills, OH, USA.; Department of Surgery, Universitas Tarumanagara, Jakarta, Indonesia.; Boeri L; Global Andrology Forum, Global Andrology Foundation, Moreland Hills, OH, USA.; Department of Urology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy.; Gül M; Global Andrology Forum, Global Andrology Foundation, Moreland Hills, OH, USA.; Department of Urology, Selcuk University, Konya, Türkiye.; Department of Andrology, Selcuk University, Konya, Türkiye.; Alhathal N; Global Andrology Forum, Global Andrology Foundation, Moreland Hills, OH, USA.; Department of Urology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.; Kandil H; Global Andrology Forum, Global Andrology Foundation, Moreland Hills, OH, USA.; Division of Urology, Fakih IVF Fertility Center, Abu Dhabi, UAE.; Thomas C; Global Andrology Forum, Global Andrology Foundation, Moreland Hills, OH, USA.; Department of Urology, General Hospital of Corinth, Corinth, Greece.; Rashed A; Global Andrology Forum, Global Andrology Foundation, Moreland Hills, OH, USA.; Department of Urology, 6 October University, Giza, Egypt.; Binsaleh S; Global Andrology Forum, Global Andrology Foundation, Moreland Hills, OH, USA.; Department of Surgery, Section of Urology, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.; Falcone M; Global Andrology Forum, Global Andrology Foundation, Moreland Hills, OH, USA.; Department of Urology, Medical Faculty, Biruni University, Istanbul, Türkiye.; SSD Neurourologia and SCU Urologia, AOU 'Citta della Salute e della Scienza', University of Turin, Turin, Italy.; Yogiswara N; Global Andrology Forum, Global Andrology Foundation, Moreland Hills, OH, USA.; Departement of Urology, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia.; Japari A; Global Andrology Forum, Global Andrology Foundation, Moreland Hills, OH, USA.; Fertility Clinic, Telogorejo Hospital, Semarang, Indonesia.; Oriazowan Julius A; Global Andrology Forum, Global Andrology Foundation, Moreland Hills, OH, USA.; Department of Surgery, Federal Medical Centre, Keffi, Nigeria.; Çeker G; Global Andrology Forum, Global Andrology Foundation, Moreland Hills, OH, USA.; Department of Urology, Başakşehir Cam and Sakura City Hospital, Istanbul, Türkiye.; Güngör ND; Global Andrology Forum, Global Andrology Foundation, Moreland Hills, OH, USA.; Bahceci Health Group, IVF Unit, Istanbul, Türkiye.; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Bahcesehir University, Istanbul, Türkiye.; Giulioni C; Global Andrology Forum, Global Andrology Foundation, Moreland Hills, OH, USA.; Urology Unit, Villa Igea Hospital, Ancona, Italy.; Abdelrahman IFS; Global Andrology Forum, Global Andrology Foundation, Moreland Hills, OH, USA.; Department of Andrology, Sexology and STIs, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.; Andrology Unit, Armed Forces College of Medicine, Cairo, Egypt.; Nguyen Q; Global Andrology Forum, Global Andrology Foundation, Moreland Hills, OH, USA.; Center for Andrology and Sexual Medicine, VietDuc University Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam.; Department of Urology, Andrology and Sexual Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Vietnam National University (UMPVNU), Hanoi, Vietnam.; Calik G; Global Andrology Forum, Global Andrology Foundation, Moreland Hills, OH, USA.; Department of Urology, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Türkiye.; Hegde AV; Global Andrology Forum, Global Andrology Foundation, Moreland Hills, OH, USA.; Department of Urology, Father Muller Medical College, Mangalore, India.; Motawi AT; Global Andrology Forum, Global Andrology Foundation, Moreland Hills, OH, USA.; Department of Andrology, Sexology and STIs, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.; Dipankar SP; Global Andrology Forum, Global Andrology Foundation, Moreland Hills, OH, USA.; Department of Andrology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Managalagiri, India.; Manfredi C; Global Andrology Forum, Global Andrology Foundation, Moreland Hills, OH, USA.; Department of Woman, Child and General and Specialized Surgery, University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli', Naples, Italy.; Tsujimura A; Global Andrology Forum, Global Andrology Foundation, Moreland Hills, OH, USA.; Department of Urology, Juntendo University Urayasu Hospital, Urayasu, Japan.; Konstantinidis C; Global Andrology Forum, Global Andrology Foundation, Moreland Hills, OH, USA.; Department of Urology and Neurourology, National Rehabilitation Center, Athens, Greece.; Ashour S; Global Andrology Forum, Global Andrology Foundation, Moreland Hills, OH, USA.; Department of Andrology, Sexology and STIs, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.; Department of Andrology, Dr. Erfan and Bagedo General Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.; Nada EA; Global Andrology Forum, Global Andrology Foundation, Moreland Hills, OH, USA.; Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Andrology, Faculty of Medicine, Sohag University, Sohag, Egypt.; Al-Marhoon M; Global Andrology Forum, Global Andrology Foundation, Moreland Hills, OH, USA.; Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman.; Abu El-Hamd M; Global Andrology Forum, Global Andrology Foundation, Moreland Hills, OH, USA.; Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Andrology, Faculty of Medicine, Sohag University, Sohag, Egypt.; Alghobary M; Global Andrology Forum, Global Andrology Foundation, Moreland Hills, OH, USA.; Department of Dermatology, Andrology and STDs, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.; Mogharabian N; Global Andrology Forum, Global Andrology Foundation, Moreland Hills, OH, USA.; Sexual Health and Fertility Research Center, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran.; Almusafer M; Global Andrology Forum, Global Andrology Foundation, Moreland Hills, OH, USA.; Department of Surgery, University of Basrah, Basra, Iraq.; El-Sakka A; Global Andrology Forum, Global Andrology Foundation, Moreland Hills, OH, USA.; Department of Urology, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt.; Khalifa AAE; Global Andrology Forum, Global Andrology Foundation, Moreland Hills, OH, USA.; Department of Urology and Andrology, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, Egypt.; Sarikaya S; Global Andrology Forum, Global Andrology Foundation, Moreland Hills, OH, USA.; Department of Urology, Gulhane Research and Training Hospital, Ankara, Türkiye.; Phuoc NHV; Global Andrology Forum, Global Andrology Foundation, Moreland Hills, OH, USA.; Department of Surgery, Pham Ngoc Thach University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.; Alfatlawy NK; Global Andrology Forum, Global Andrology Foundation, Moreland Hills, OH, USA.; College of Health and Medical Techniques, Al-Mustaqbal University, Hilla, Iraq.; Benjamin LTY; Global Andrology Forum, Global Andrology Foundation, Moreland Hills, OH, USA.; Department of Urology, Sengkang General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore.; Smith RP; Global Andrology Forum, Global Andrology Foundation, Moreland Hills, OH, USA.; Department of Urology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA.; Park HJ; Global Andrology Forum, Global Andrology Foundation, Moreland Hills, OH, USA.; Department of Urology, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Busan, Korea.; Medical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Korea.; Russo GI; Global Andrology Forum, Global Andrology Foundation, Moreland Hills, OH, USA.; Department of Surgery, Urology Section, University of Catania, Catania, Italy.; Ördek E; Global Andrology Forum, Global Andrology Foundation, Moreland Hills, OH, USA.; Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Hatay Mustafa Kemal University, Hatay, Türkiye.; Lin H; Global Andrology Forum, Global Andrology Foundation, Moreland Hills, OH, USA.; Department of Urology, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China.; Kadihasanoglu M; Global Andrology Forum, Global Andrology Foundation, Moreland Hills, OH, USA.; Department of Urology, Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Istanbul, Türkiye.; Kumar N; Global Andrology Forum, Global Andrology Foundation, Moreland Hills, OH, USA.; Department of Urology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, India.; Deger MD; Global Andrology Forum, Global Andrology Foundation, Moreland Hills, OH, USA.; Department of Urology, Tekirdag City Hospital, Tekirdag, Türkiye.; Khalafalla KM; Global Andrology Forum, Global Andrology Foundation, Moreland Hills, OH, USA.; Department of Urology, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar.; Department of Urology, College of Medicine, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar.; Altay B; Global Andrology Forum, Global Andrology Foundation, Moreland Hills, OH, USA.; Department of Urology, Ege University, Izmir, Türkiye.; Mak SK; Global Andrology Forum, Global Andrology Foundation, Moreland Hills, OH, USA.; Department of Surgery, Union Hospital, Hong Kong, China.; Görür S; Global Andrology Forum, Global Andrology Foundation, Moreland Hills, OH, USA.; Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Hatay Mustafa Kemal University, Hatay, Türkiye.; Shamohammadi I; Global Andrology Forum, Global Andrology Foundation, Moreland Hills, OH, USA.; Department of Urology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.; Dursun M; Global Andrology Forum, Global Andrology Foundation, Moreland Hills, OH, USA.; Department of Urology, Section of Andrology, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Türkiye.; Pening D; Global Andrology Forum, Global Andrology Foundation, Moreland Hills, OH, USA.; Department of Gynecology, Hopital Universitaire de Bruxelles, Universite libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium.; Research Lab on Human Reproduction, Universite libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium.; Narimani N; Global Andrology Forum, Global Andrology Foundation, Moreland Hills, OH, USA.; Department of Urology, Hasheminejad Kidney Center, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; Bolat MS; Global Andrology Forum, Global Andrology Foundation, Moreland Hills, OH, USA.; Department of Urology, Atilim University, Ankara, Türkiye.; Rajmil O; Global Andrology Forum, Global Andrology Foundation, Moreland Hills, OH, USA.; Department of Andrology, Catalonia-Central University-Uvic, Barcelona, Spain.; Sant Pau Hospital, Autonomous University of Barcelona - UAB, Puigvert Foundation, Barcelona, Spain.; Alkawaz UM; Global Andrology Forum, Global Andrology Foundation, Moreland Hills, OH, USA.; High Institute for Infertility, Alnahrain University, Baghdad, Iraq.; Aydos K; Global Andrology Forum, Global Andrology Foundation, Moreland Hills, OH, USA.; Department of Urology, Ankara University, Ankara, Türkiye.; Kaya C; Global Andrology Forum, Global Andrology Foundation, Moreland Hills, OH, USA.; Department of Urology, Health Science University, Istanbul, Türkiye.; Department of Urology, Eskisehir City Hospital, Eskisehir, Türkiye.; Maya WDC; Global Andrology Forum, Global Andrology Foundation, Moreland Hills, OH, USA.; Reproduction Group, Faculty of Medicine, University of Antioquia, Medellin, Colombia.; Zachariou A; Global Andrology Forum, Global Andrology Foundation, Moreland Hills, OH, USA.; Department of Urology, Ioannina University, Ioannina, Greece.; Duran MB; Global Andrology Forum, Global Andrology Foundation, Moreland Hills, OH, USA.; Department of Urology, Pamukkale University School of Medicine, Denizli, Türkiye.; Shatylko T; Global Andrology Forum, Global Andrology Foundation, Moreland Hills, OH, USA.; Department of Andrology and Urology, V.I. Kulakov National Medical Research Center, Moscow, Russia.; Balercia G; Global Andrology Forum, Global Andrology Foundation, Moreland Hills, OH, USA.; Division of Endocrinology, Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy.; De La Rosette J; Global Andrology Forum, Global Andrology Foundation, Moreland Hills, OH, USA.; International School of Medicine, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Türkiye.; Department of Urology, Bashkir State Medical University, Ufa, Russia.; El Meliegy A; Global Andrology Forum, Global Andrology Foundation, Moreland Hills, OH, USA.; Department of Andrology, Sexology and STIs, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.; Saylam B; Global Andrology Forum, Global Andrology Foundation, Moreland Hills, OH, USA.; Urology, University of Health Sciences, Mersin, Türkiye.; Bahçeci T; Global Andrology Forum, Global Andrology Foundation, Moreland Hills, OH, USA.; Department of Urology, Adnan Menderes University, Aydın, Türkiye.; Efesoy O; Global Andrology Forum, Global Andrology Foundation, Moreland Hills, OH, USA.; Department of Urology, Mersin City Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Mersin, Türkiye.; Eugeni E; Global Andrology Forum, Global Andrology Foundation, Moreland Hills, OH, USA.; Department of Medicine, Hospital of Meran SABES, Meran, Italy.; Zilaitiene B; Global Andrology Forum, Global Andrology Foundation, Moreland Hills, OH, USA.; Institute of Endocrinology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania.; Gherabi N; Global Andrology Forum, Global Andrology Foundation, Moreland Hills, OH, USA.; Department of Medicine, University of Algiers 1, Algiers, Algeria.; Kahraman O; Global Andrology Forum, Global Andrology Foundation, Moreland Hills, OH, USA.; Department of Urology, Baskent University, Konya, Türkiye.; Crafa A; Global Andrology Forum, Global Andrology Foundation, Moreland Hills, OH, USA.; Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy.; Vazquez JFS; Global Andrology Forum, Global Andrology Foundation, Moreland Hills, OH, USA.; Department of Reproductive Medicine, CITMER, Mexico City, Mexico.; Bahar F; Global Andrology Forum, Global Andrology Foundation, Moreland Hills, OH, USA.; Faculty of Medicine, Muhammadiyah Palembang University, Palembang, Indonesia.; Department of Andrology, Siloam Palembang Hospital, Palembang, Indonesia.; Taha EA; Global Andrology Forum, Global Andrology Foundation, Moreland Hills, OH, USA.; Department of Andrology, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt.; Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt.; Selim OM; Global Andrology Forum, Global Andrology Foundation, Moreland Hills, OH, USA.; Department of Andrology, Sexology and STIs, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.; Hasan MSM; Global Andrology Forum, Global Andrology Foundation, Moreland Hills, OH, USA.; Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Andrology, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt.; Tadros NN; Global Andrology Forum, Global Andrology Foundation, Moreland Hills, OH, USA.; Department of Urology, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Coulumbus, OH, USA.; Ho CCK; Global Andrology Forum, Global Andrology Foundation, Moreland Hills, OH, USA.; Department of Urology, Taylor's University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.; Department of Urology, Pantai Melaka, Melaka, Malaysia.; Sogutdelen E; Global Andrology Forum, Global Andrology Foundation, Moreland Hills, OH, USA.; Department of Urology, Bolu Abant Izzet Baysal University, Bolu, Türkiye.; Busetto GM; Global Andrology Forum, Global Andrology Foundation, Moreland Hills, OH, USA.; Department of Urology, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy.; Micic S; Global Andrology Forum, Global Andrology Foundation, Moreland Hills, OH, USA.; Department of Polyclinic Uromedica, Belgrade University, Belgrade, Serbia.; Gokalp F; Global Andrology Forum, Global Andrology Foundation, Moreland Hills, OH, USA.; Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Hatay Mustafa Kemal University, Hatay, Türkiye.; Mohammad EJ; Global Andrology Forum, Global Andrology Foundation, Moreland Hills, OH, USA.; Department of Urology, Ibn Sina University of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Baghdad, Iraq.; Asci R; Global Andrology Forum, Global Andrology Foundation, Moreland Hills, OH, USA.; Department of Urology, Ondokuz Mayis University, Samsun, Türkiye.; Hasirci E; Global Andrology Forum, Global Andrology Foundation, Moreland Hills, OH, USA.; Department of Urology, Baskent University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Türkiye.; Musa MU; Global Andrology Forum, Global Andrology Foundation, Moreland Hills, OH, USA.; Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Federal Teaching Hospital Katsina, Katsina, Nigeria.; Department of Surgery, Al-Mithnab General Hospital Qasim Region, Al-Mithnab, Saudi Arabia.; Joshi PB; Global Andrology Forum, Global Andrology Foundation, Moreland Hills, OH, USA.; Department of Urology and Andrology, Joshi's Andrology and Urology Centre, Bengaluru, India.; Reda A; Global Andrology Forum, Global Andrology Foundation, Moreland Hills, OH, USA.; Department of Urology, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt.; Yazbeck C; Global Andrology Forum, Global Andrology Foundation, Moreland Hills, OH, USA.; Reprogynes Medical Institute, Paris, France.; Department of Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, Ambroise Pare Hartmann Private Hospital Group, Neuilly Sur Seine, France.; Adriansjah R; Global Andrology Forum, Global Andrology Foundation, Moreland Hills, OH, USA.; Department of Urology, Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Padjadjaran University, Bandung, Indonesia.; Kinzikeeva E; Global Andrology Forum, Global Andrology Foundation, Moreland Hills, OH, USA.; Department of Urology, Saint Anna Hospital Como Italy, Sesto San Giovanni, Italy.; Salvio G; Global Andrology Forum, Global Andrology Foundation, Moreland Hills, OH, USA.; Division of Endocrinology, Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy.; Turunc T; Global Andrology Forum, Global Andrology Foundation, Moreland Hills, OH, USA.; Department of Urology, UroCentre Urology Clinic, Adana, Türkiye.; Kim D; Global Andrology Forum, Global Andrology Foundation, Moreland Hills, OH, USA.; Department of Urology, Ilsan Hospital, National Health Insurance Service, Goyang, Korea.; Vishwakarma RB; Global Andrology Forum, Global Andrology Foundation, Moreland Hills, OH, USA.; Department of Urology, Lilavati Hospital and Research Centre, Mumbai, India.; Makarounis K; Global Andrology Forum, Global Andrology Foundation, Moreland Hills, OH, USA.; Department of Urology and Andrology, Locus Medicus, Athens, Greece.; Ruzaev M; Global Andrology Forum, Global Andrology Foundation, Moreland Hills, OH, USA.; Department of Andrology and Urology, Private Practice, and Telemedicine, Moscow, Russia.; Alipour H; Global Andrology Forum, Global Andrology Foundation, Moreland Hills, OH, USA.; Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark.; Shah R; Global Andrology Forum, Global Andrology Foundation, Moreland Hills, OH, USA.; Department of Urology, Lilavati Hospital and Research Centre, Mumbai, India. |
| Source: | The world journal of men's health [World J Mens Health] 2026 Jan 01. Date of Electronic Publication: 2026 Jan 01. |
| Publication Model: | Ahead of Print |
| Publication Type: | Journal Article |
| Language: | English |
| Journal Info: | Publisher: Korean Society for Sexual Medicine and Andrology Country of Publication: Korea (South) NLM ID: 101596899 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Print ISSN: 2287-4208 (Print) Linking ISSN: 22874208 NLM ISO Abbreviation: World J Mens Health |
| Imprint Name(s): | Original Publication: Seoul : Korean Society for Sexual Medicine and Andrology |
| Abstract: | Purpose: Antioxidant (AOX) therapy has long been investigated for the management of male infertility. It has potential benefits, but persistent controversy affects its broad acceptance and clinical utility. This study aimed to develop standardized, evidence-based guidelines for AOX use by synthesizing the best available evidence and achieving global expert consensus.; Materials and Methods: A comprehensive literature review was conducted by senior experts of the Global Andrology Forum (GAF). Additionally, data on the real-life use of oxidative stress (OS) testing and AOX use obtained from the largest global survey of practicing physicians conducted by GAF, which served as a reference point for this study. In phase one, 151 international specialists (>5 years' experience) participated in a modified Delphi process to evaluate AOX therapy in male infertility. Experts reviewed draft statements and rated agreement on a 10-point Likert scale. Statements achieving >80% consensus (with score >7/10) were accepted. The original eight statements were expanded to 19 and finalized into 18. In phase two, 84 senior physicians (>10 years' experience) graded the Delphi-approved statements using the GRADE approach.; Results: Four out of the 18 statements failed to reach consensus and were excluded. Of the final 14 statements, seven (50%) were graded as "Strong" and seven (50%) as "Weak." Current evidence indicates that AOX therapy can reduce OS, improve sperm quality, and potentially enhance reproductive outcomes. However, benefits vary by agent, regimen, and patient population. The guidelines emphasize the need to document OS and to consider underlying factors before initiating AOX therapy, and caution against indiscriminate or prolonged use.; Conclusions: Developed through a dual-validation process and endorsed by a globally diverse expert panel, these GAF guidelines represent the first standardized, evidence-based guidelines for AOX use in male infertility. By addressing heterogeneity in research and practice, they provide clinicians with practical, safe, and patient-centered recommendations for rational AOX therapy worldwide.; (Copyright © 2026 Korean Society for Sexual Medicine and Andrology.) |
| Competing Interests: | The authors have nothing to disclose. |
| Grant Information: | United States of America Global Andrology Foundation |
| Contributed Indexing: | Keywords: Antioxidants; Delphi technique; GRADE approach; Guideline; Male infertility; Surveys and questionnaires |
| Entry Date(s): | Date Created: 20260109 Latest Revision: 20260109 |
| Update Code: | 20260130 |
| DOI: | 10.5534/wjmh.250290 |
| PMID: | 41508382 |
| Database: | MEDLINE |
Journal Article