Multiple Basal Cell Carcinomas in a Long-Term Survivor of Childhood ALL and HSCT-A Call for Dermatologic Vigilance.
| Title: | Multiple Basal Cell Carcinomas in a Long-Term Survivor of Childhood ALL and HSCT-A Call for Dermatologic Vigilance. |
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| Authors: | Porumb-Andrese E; Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 Universitatii Str., 700115 Iasi, Romania.; Stoleriu G; Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, 'Dunarea de Jos' University of Galati, 14 Domneasca Str., 800008 Galati, Romania.; Huțanu AE; Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 Universitatii Str., 700115 Iasi, Romania.; Mârţu C; Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 Universitatii Str., 700115 Iasi, Romania.; Toader MP; Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 Universitatii Str., 700115 Iasi, Romania.; Porumb V; Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 Universitatii Str., 700115 Iasi, Romania.; Colac-Boțoc C; Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 Universitatii Str., 700115 Iasi, Romania.; Lupu A; Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 Universitatii Str., 700115 Iasi, Romania.; Rusu-Zota G; Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 Universitatii Str., 700115 Iasi, Romania.; Anton E; Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 Universitatii Str., 700115 Iasi, Romania.; Brănișteanu DE; Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 Universitatii Str., 700115 Iasi, Romania. |
| Source: | Life (Basel, Switzerland) [Life (Basel)] 2025 Dec 30; Vol. 16 (1). Date of Electronic Publication: 2025 Dec 30. |
| Publication Type: | Journal Article; Review |
| Language: | English |
| Journal Info: | Publisher: MDPI AG Country of Publication: Switzerland NLM ID: 101580444 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Print ISSN: 2075-1729 (Print) Linking ISSN: 20751729 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Life (Basel) Subsets: PubMed not MEDLINE |
| Imprint Name(s): | Original Publication: Basel, Switzerland : MDPI AG, 2011- |
| Abstract: | (1) Background: Cutaneous secondary malignant neoplasms are a growing survivorship burden after pediatric cancers and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), yet skin-focused surveillance remains inconsistently implemented. (2) Objective: To synthesize current molecular dermatology insights relevant to prevention, early detection, and treatment of basal cell carcinoma (BCC) in high-risk survivors, while anchoring the discussion in a detailed case of multiple BCCs after childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia and HSCT. (3) Methods: Narrative review integrating clinical, dermoscopic, molecular, and translational data from recent high-impact studies; case retained in full. (4) Results: Radiation exposure (especially total body irradiation), prior immunosuppression, and persistent immune dysregulation synergize with ultraviolet mutagenesis to create a "field cancerization" state characterized by Hedgehog-pathway activation (Patched1/Smoothened), impaired Deoxyribonucleic Acid damage response, and stromal remodeling. Dermoscopy, when embedded in routine whole-body examinations, markedly improves accuracy for keratinocyte cancers. Chemoprevention (e.g., nicotinamide) and targeted therapies (hedgehog inhibitors; Programmed Death-1 blockade) represent key translational levers for care innovation. (5) Conclusions: Integrating structured dermatologic surveillance with molecularly informed prevention and therapy should be standard in survivorship pathways for hematopoietic stem cell transplantation/Radiotherapy-exposed patients. |
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| Contributed Indexing: | Keywords: AI-assisted dermoscopy; basal cell carcinoma; childhood leukemia survivor; dermoscopy; graft-versus-host disease; hedgehog signaling; hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT); nicotinamide; secondary malignancies |
| Entry Date(s): | Date Created: 20260128 Date Completed: 20260128 Latest Revision: 20260131 |
| Update Code: | 20260131 |
| PubMed Central ID: | PMC12842853 |
| DOI: | 10.3390/life16010055 |
| PMID: | 41598211 |
| Database: | MEDLINE |
Journal Article; Review