Genomic history of early dogs in Europe.
| Title: | Genomic history of early dogs in Europe. |
|---|---|
| Authors: | Bergström A; School of Biological Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK. A.Bergstrom@uea.ac.uk.; Ancient Genomics Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK. A.Bergstrom@uea.ac.uk.; Furtwängler A; Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany.; Johnston S; Ancient Genomics Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK.; Rosengren E; Department of Archaeology and Ancient History, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.; Historical Museum, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.; Centre for Palaeogenetics, Stockholm, Sweden.; Breidenstein A; Institute of Evolutionary Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.; Department of Anthropology, Binghamton University (SUNY), Binghamton, NY, USA.; Booth T; Ancient Genomics Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK.; McCabe JB; Ancient Genomics Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK.; Peto J; Ancient Genomics Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK.; Department of Archaeology and History, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK.; Williams M; Ancient Genomics Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK.; Kelly M; Ancient Genomics Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK.; Tait F; Ancient Genomics Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK.; Department of Archaeology, University of Reading, Reading, UK.; Baumann C; Senckenberg Centre for Human Evolution and Palaeoenvironment, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.; Biogeology, Department of Geosciences, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.; Radzeviciute R; Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany.; Barrington C; Bioinformatics and Biostatistics, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK.; Anastasiadou K; Ancient Genomics Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK.; Gilardet A; Ancient Genomics Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK.; Centre for Palaeogenetics, Stockholm, Sweden.; Glocke I; Ancient Genomics Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK.; Sherman M; Ancient Genomics Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK.; Division of Biosciences, University College London, London, UK.; Brativnyk A; Ancient Genomics Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK.; Herbig A; Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany.; Prüfer K; Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany.; Pfrengle S; Institute of Evolutionary Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.; Institute for Archaeological Sciences, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.; Gretzinger J; Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany.; Feuerborn TR; Institute for Archaeological Sciences, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.; Globe Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.; Reiter E; Institute for Archaeological Sciences, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.; Linderholm A; Centre for Palaeogenetics, Department of Geological Sciences, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden.; Palaeogenomics and Bio-Archaeology Research Network, School of Archaeology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.; Charlton S; BioArCh, Department of Archaeology, University of York, York, UK.; Racimo F; Globe Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.; Mikkola L; Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.; InFLAMES Research Flagship Centre, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.; Anderson-Whymark H; National Museums Scotland, Edinburgh, UK.; Baird D; Department of Archaeology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.; Gotfredsen AB; Section for GeoGenetics, Globe Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.; Bocherens H; Senckenberg Centre for Human Evolution and Palaeoenvironment, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.; Biogeology, Department of Geosciences, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.; Bridault A; CNRS UMR 7041 Archéologies et Sciences de l'Antiquité, Nanterre, France.; Brocke R; Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum Frankfurt, Department of Palaeontology and Historical Geology, Frankfurt, Germany.; Drucker DG; Senckenberg Centre for Human Evolution and Palaeoenvironment, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.; Fairbairn AS; Archaeology, School of Social Science, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.; Frantz L; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany.; Gasparyan B; National Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Armenia, Institute of Archaeology and Ethnography, Yerevan, Armenia.; Yerevan State University, Yerevan, Armenia.; Giemsch L; Archaeological Museum Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany.; Jewish Museum Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany.; Germonpré M; Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Brussels, Belgium.; Janssens L; Department of Archaeology, University of Ghent, Ghent, Belgium.; Kandel AW; Heidelberg Academy of Sciences and Humanities, The Role of Culture in Early Expansions of Humans, Tübingen, Germany.; Kjær K; Section for GeoGenetics, Globe Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.; Lázničková-Galetová M; Moravian Museum, Centre for Cultural Anthropology, Brno, Czech Republic.; UMR 7194 HNHP (CNRS, MNHN, UPVD), Paris, France.; Loponte D; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Instituto Nacional de Antropología y Pensamiento Latinoamericano, Buenos Aires, Argentina.; Magnell O; Arkeologerna, National Historical Museums, Lund, Sweden.; Martin L; Institute of Archeology, University College London, London, UK.; Münzel SC; Institute for Archaeological Sciences, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.; Mustafaoğlu G; Arkeoloji Bölümü, Ankara Hacı Bayram Veli Üniversitesi, Ankara, Türkiye.; Måge B; Museum Lolland-Falster, Nykøbing Falster, Denmark.; Perri A; Chronicle Heritage, Phoenix, AZ, USA.; Pfenninger F; Kantonsarchäologie Schaffhausen, Schaffhausen, Switzerland.; Roblíčková M; Moravian Museum, Anthropos Institute, Brno, Czech Republic.; Roman-Binois A; CNRS UMR 7041 Archéologies et Sciences de l'Antiquité, Nanterre, France.; Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne, Paris, France.; Sarıtaş Ö; Department of Archaeology, Hitit University, Ulukavak, Çorum, Türkiye.; BIAA (British Institute at Ankara), Çankaya, Ankara, Türkiye.; Schäppi K; Kantonsarchäologie Schaffhausen, Schaffhausen, Switzerland.; Sheridan JA; National Museums Scotland, Edinburgh, UK.; Sjögren KG; Department of Historical Studies, Gothenburg University, Gothenburg, Sweden.; Storå J; Department of Archaeology and Classical Studies, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden.; Sørensen LV; The National Museum of Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark.; Tafelmaier Y; State Office for Cultural Heritage Baden-Württemberg, Tübingen, Germany.; Ter-Nedden F; Museum zu Allerheiligen, Schaffhausen, Schaffhausen, Switzerland.; Thalmann O; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany.; Larson G; Palaeogenomics and Bio-Archaeology Research Network, School of Archaeology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.; Schuenemann VJ; Institute of Evolutionary Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.; Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.; Department of Evolutionary Anthropology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.; Human Evolution and Archaeological Sciences (HEAS), University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.; Krause J; Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany. krause@eva.mpg.de.; Skoglund P; Ancient Genomics Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK. pontus.skoglund@crick.ac.uk. |
| Source: | Nature [Nature] 2026 Mar; Vol. 651 (8107), pp. 986-994. Date of Electronic Publication: 2026 Mar 25. |
| Publication Type: | Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't |
| Language: | English |
| Journal Info: | Publisher: Nature Publishing Group Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 0410462 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1476-4687 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 00280836 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Nature Subsets: MEDLINE |
| Imprint Name(s): | Publication: Basingstoke : Nature Publishing Group; Original Publication: London, Macmillan Journals ltd. |
| MeSH Terms: | Dogs*/genetics ; Dogs*/classification ; Genome*; DNA, Ancient/analysis ; Wolves/genetics ; Animals ; Humans ; Male ; Domestication ; Europe ; Fossils ; Genomics ; Phylogeny ; Switzerland |
| Abstract: | The earliest morphologically identifiable dogs are from Europe and date to at least 14,000 years ago1-5, although early remains are also found in other regions. The origin of early dogs in Europe, and their relationships to other dogs, has remained elusive in the absence of genome-wide data. Similarly, although dogs were the only domestic animal to predate agriculture, little is known about how the arrival of Neolithic farmers from Southwest Asia affected the dogs living with European Mesolithic hunter-gatherers. Here we analysed 216 canid remains, including 181 from Palaeolithic and Mesolithic Europe. We developed a genome-wide capture approach that enriched endogenous DNA by 10-100-fold and could distinguish dog from wolf ancestry for 141 of 216 remains. The oldest dog data that we recovered are from a 14,200-year-old dog from the Kesslerloch site in Switzerland, and we find that it shares ancestry with later worldwide dogs-inconsistent with the hypothesis that European Upper Palaeolithic dogs derived wholly from a separate domestication process. The Kesslerloch dog already displays more affinity to Mesolithic, Neolithic and present-day European dogs than to Asian dogs, demonstrating that dog genetic diversification had started well before 14,200 years ago. We find a Neolithic influx of Southwest Asian ancestry into Europe, but this seems to have been of smaller magnitude than in humans, suggesting that Mesolithic dogs contributed substantially to Neolithic, and, ultimately, probably also modern, European dogs.; (© 2026. The Author(s).) |
| Competing Interests: | Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. |
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| Grant Information: | United Kingdom WT_ Wellcome Trust |
| Substance Nomenclature: | 0 (DNA, Ancient) |
| Entry Date(s): | Date Created: 20260326 Date Completed: 20260326 Latest Revision: 20260416 |
| Update Code: | 20260416 |
| PubMed Central ID: | PMC13017524 |
| DOI: | 10.1038/s41586-026-10112-7 |
| PMID: | 41882126 |
| Database: | MEDLINE |
Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't