d-Galactose-conjugated pyrimidine thioureas as potent antimicrobial agents: rapid green synthesis, structure-activity relationships and molecular modelling.
| Title: | d-Galactose-conjugated pyrimidine thioureas as potent antimicrobial agents: rapid green synthesis, structure-activity relationships and molecular modelling. |
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| Authors: | Thanh ND; Faculty of Chemistry, University of Science (Vietnam National University, Hanoi) 19 Le Thanh Tong, Cua Nam Ha Noi Viet Nam nguyendinhthanh@hus.edu.vn.; Toan VN; Institute of New Technology, Academy of Military Science and Technology, Ministry of Defence 17 Hoang Sam, Nghia Do Ha Noi Viet Nam.; Thu NHA; Faculty of Chemistry, University of Science (Vietnam National University, Hanoi) 19 Le Thanh Tong, Cua Nam Ha Noi Viet Nam nguyendinhthanh@hus.edu.vn.; Tri NM; Institute of New Technology, Academy of Military Science and Technology, Ministry of Defence 17 Hoang Sam, Nghia Do Ha Noi Viet Nam.; Toan DN; Faculty of Chemistry, Thai Nguyen University of Education 20 Luong Ngoc Quyen, Phan Dinh Phung Thai Nguyen Viet Nam.; Van HTK; Faculty of Chemical Technology, Viet Tri University of Industry 9 Tien Son, Thanh Mieu Phu Tho Viet Nam. |
| Source: | RSC medicinal chemistry [RSC Med Chem] 2026 Mar 25. Date of Electronic Publication: 2026 Mar 25. |
| Publication Model: | Ahead of Print |
| Publication Type: | Journal Article |
| Language: | English |
| Journal Info: | Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 101759460 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 2632-8682 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 26328682 NLM ISO Abbreviation: RSC Med Chem |
| Imprint Name(s): | Original Publication: Cambridge : Royal Society of Chemistry, [2020]- |
| Abstract: | A series of d-galactose-conjugated pyrimidine-based thioureas 8a-l was efficiently synthesized using an environmentally benign ionic liquid-microwave protocol. Optimal conditions employing [BMIM][BF4] under microwave irradiation (100 W) afforded excellent yields (up to 96%) within 60 s, with the ionic liquid showing good recyclability. The synthesized compounds were evaluated for antibacterial and antifungal activities against a broad panel of pathogenic microorganisms. Several derivatives exhibited potent antimicrobial effects, with MIC values comparable to or superior to reference drugs. Structure-activity relationship analysis revealed that ortho-hydroxyl substitution and synergistic hydroxyl/methoxy patterns significantly enhanced biological activity. Among the series, compound 8l (2-OH-4-OMe) emerged as the most potent and broad-spectrum candidate. In silico ADMET analysis suggested favourable drug-like characteristics for non-oral antimicrobial applications. Molecular docking studies supported the experimental results, demonstrating strong and stable binding of compound 8l within bacterial and fungal enzyme active sites. Overall, these findings highlight d-galactose-conjugated pyrimidine thioureas as promising antimicrobial scaffolds.; (This journal is © The Royal Society of Chemistry.) |
| Competing Interests: | There are no conflicts to declare. |
| Entry Date(s): | Date Created: 20260427 Latest Revision: 20260427 |
| Update Code: | 20260427 |
| PubMed Central ID: | PMC13108604 |
| DOI: | 10.1039/d6md00026f |
| PMID: | 42037738 |
| Database: | MEDLINE |
Journal Article