| Title: |
A Longitudinal Study of External Contract Teacher Employment in Washington State School Districts. EdWorkingPaper No. 26-1377 |
| Language: |
English |
| Authors: |
Angela Cox; Ellen Goldring; Chris A. Candelaria; David Knight; Annenberg Institute for School Reform at Brown University |
| Source: |
Annenberg Institute for School Reform at Brown University. 2026. |
| Availability: |
Annenberg Institute for School Reform at Brown University. Brown University Box 1985, Providence, RI 02912. Tel: 401-863-7990; Fax: 401-863-1290; e-mail: annenberg@brown.edu; Web site: https://annenberg.brown.edu/ |
| Peer Reviewed: |
N |
| Page Count: |
34 |
| Publication Date: |
2026 |
| Document Type: |
Reports - Research |
| Descriptors: |
Longitudinal Studies; Teacher Employment; School Districts; Contracts; Employment Patterns; Public Schools; Teacher Distribution; Teacher Characteristics; Teaching Experience; Teacher Salaries; State Legislation; State Policy; Board of Education Policy |
| Geographic Terms: |
Washington |
| Abstract: |
This study examines the phenomenon of external teacher contracting in Washington State schools. Using administrative data, we analyze shifting patterns of employment among external contract teachers. External contract teachers now represent a significant portion of the workforce in a few districts, but a very small portion statewide. These districts have formed robust online programs that may account for changing contracting practices. External contract teachers are more often female, less experienced, and less likely to hold master's degrees than their peers. Results highlight the emerging call for flexibility in teacher labor markets and have implications for workforce diversity and stability. |
| Abstractor: |
As Provided |
| Entry Date: |
2026 |
| Accession Number: |
ED678281 |
| Database: |
ERIC |