| Title: |
Sample Size Calculation and Optimal Design for Multivariate Regression-Based Norming |
| Language: |
English |
| Authors: |
Francesco Innocenti (ORCID 0000-0001-6113-8992); Math J. J. M. Candel; Frans E. S. Tan; Gerard J. P. van Breukelen |
| Source: |
Journal of Educational and Behavioral Statistics. 2024 49(5):817-847. |
| Availability: |
SAGE Publications. 2455 Teller Road, Thousand Oaks, CA 91320. Tel: 800-818-7243; Tel: 805-499-9774; Fax: 800-583-2665; e-mail: journals@sagepub.com; Web site: https://sagepub.com |
| Peer Reviewed: |
Y |
| Page Count: |
31 |
| Publication Date: |
2024 |
| Document Type: |
Journal Articles; Reports - Research |
| Descriptors: |
Sample Size; Multivariate Analysis; Error of Measurement; Regression (Statistics); Scores; Predictor Variables; Correlation; Classification; Aging (Individuals); Foreign Countries |
| Geographic Terms: |
Netherlands |
| DOI: |
10.3102/10769986231210807 |
| ISSN: |
1076-9986; 1935-1054 |
| Abstract: |
Normative studies are needed to obtain norms for comparing individuals with the reference population on relevant clinical or educational measures. Norms can be obtained in an efficient way by regressing the test score on relevant predictors, such as age and sex. When several measures are normed with the same sample, a multivariate regression-based approach must be adopted for at least two reasons: (1) to take into account the correlations between the measures of the same subject, in order to test certain scientific hypotheses and to reduce misclassification of subjects in clinical practice, and (2) to reduce the number of significance tests involved in selecting predictors for the purpose of norming, thus preventing the inflation of the type I error rate. A new multivariate regression-based approach is proposed that combines all measures for an individual through the Mahalanobis distance, thus providing an indicator of the individual's overall performance. Furthermore, optimal designs for the normative study are derived under five multivariate polynomial regression models, assuming multivariate normality and homoscedasticity of the residuals, and efficient robust designs are presented in case of uncertainty about the correct model for the analysis of the normative sample. Sample size calculation formulas are provided for the new Mahalanobis distance-based approach. The results are illustrated with data from the Maastricht Aging Study (MAAS). |
| Abstractor: |
As Provided |
| Entry Date: |
2024 |
| Accession Number: |
EJ1442385 |
| Database: |
ERIC |