| Title: |
Are Child and Adolescent Students More Uncivil after COVID-19? |
| Language: |
English |
| Authors: |
Natalie Spadafora (ORCID 0000-0001-8498-1712); Elizabeth Al-Jbouri; Anthony A. Volk |
| Source: |
School Psychology. 2025 40(6):729-742. |
| Availability: |
American Psychological Association. Journals Department, 750 First Street NE, Washington, DC 20002. Tel: 800-374-2721; Tel: 202-336-5510; Fax: 202-336-5502; e-mail: order@apa.org; Web site: http://www.apa.org |
| Peer Reviewed: |
Y |
| Page Count: |
14 |
| Publication Date: |
2025 |
| Document Type: |
Journal Articles; Reports - Research; Tests/Questionnaires |
| Education Level: |
Elementary Education; High Schools; Secondary Education |
| Descriptors: |
COVID-19; Pandemics; School Closing; Children; Adolescents; Interpersonal Relationship; Student Behavior; Bullying; Emotional Problems; Friendship; Teacher Attitudes; Elementary School Students; Knowledge Level; Foreign Countries; Behavior Problems; Incidence; High School Students |
| Geographic Terms: |
Canada |
| Assessment and Survey Identifiers: |
Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire |
| DOI: |
10.1037/spq0000672 |
| ISSN: |
2578-4218; 2578-4226 |
| Abstract: |
The goal of the current work was to understand how the COVID-19 pandemic school shutdowns may have impacted classroom incivility in children and adolescents. Study 1 compared prepandemic (Fall 2019) to postpandemic school shutdown (Fall 2022) rates of classroom incivility in a sample of 308 adolescents (49.7% boys; 61.0% White) between the ages of 9 and 14 (M = 12.06; SD = 1.38). Classroom incivility was significantly higher postpandemic shutdowns, while bullying, emotional problems, and friendships remained stable. In Study 2, we surveyed 101 primary educators (95% females; 88.1% White). Findings suggested that young students lacked social skills and knowledge of classroom expectations, contributing to increased classroom incivility. Our results highlight the need to monitor ongoing levels of classroom incivility. |
| Abstractor: |
As Provided |
| Entry Date: |
2026 |
| Accession Number: |
EJ1507849 |
| Database: |
ERIC |