| Title: |
Restaurant kids’ meal beverage offerings before and after implementation of healthy default beverage policy statewide in California compared with citywide in Wilmington, Delaware |
| Authors: |
Ritchie, Lorrene D; Lessard, Laura; Harpainter, Phoebe; Tsai, Marisa M; Woodward-Lopez, Gail; Tracy, Tara; Gosliner, Wendi; McCallops, Kathleen; Thompson, Isabel; Karpyn, Allison |
| Source: |
Public Health Nutrition, vol 25, iss 3 |
| Publisher Information: |
eScholarship, University of California |
| Publication Year: |
2022 |
| Collection: |
University of California: eScholarship |
| Subject Terms: |
32 Biomedical and Clinical Sciences (for-2020); 4206 Public Health (for-2020); 42 Health Sciences (for-2020); 3210 Nutrition and Dietetics (for-2020); Clinical Research (rcdc); Cardiovascular (hrcs-hc); Beverages (mesh); Delaware (mesh); Health Policy (mesh); Humans (mesh); Meals (mesh); Restaurants (mesh); Children; Beverage; Meal; Restaurant; Policy; Fast food; 11 Medical and Health Sciences (for); Nutrition & Dietetics (science-metrix) |
| Subject Geographic: |
794 - 804 |
| Description: |
OBJECTIVE: In 2019, California and Wilmington, Delaware' implemented policies requiring healthier default beverages with restaurant kids' meals. The current study assessed restaurant beverage offerings and manager perceptions. DESIGN: Pre-post menu observations were conducted in California and Wilmington. Observations of cashiers/servers during orders were conducted pre-post implementation in California and post-implementation in Wilmington. Changes in California were compared using multilevel logistic regression and paired t tests. Post-implementation, managers were interviewed. SETTING: Inside and drive-through ordering venues in a sample of quick-service restaurants in low-income California communities and all restaurants in Wilmington subject to the policy, the month before and 7-12 months after policy implementation. PARTICIPANTS: Restaurant observations (California n 110; Wilmington n 14); managers (California n 75; Wilmington n 15). RESULTS: Pre-implementation, the most common kids' meal beverages on California menus were unflavoured milk and water (78·8 %, 52·0 %); in Wilmington, juice, milk and sugar-sweetened beverages were most common (81·8 %, 66·7 % and 46·2 %). Post-implementation, menus including only policy-consistent beverages significantly increased in California (9·7 % to 66·1 %, P < 0·0001), but remained constant in Wilmington (30·8 %). During orders, cashiers/servers offering only policy-consistent beverages significantly decreased post-implementation in California (5·0 % to 1·0 %, P = 0·002). Few managers (California 29·3 %; Wilmington 0 %) reported policy knowledge, although most expressed support. Most managers wanted additional information for customers and staff. CONCLUSIONS: While the proportion of menus offering only policy-consistent kids' meal default beverages increased in California, offerings did not change in Wilmington. In both jurisdictions, managers lacked policy knowledge, and few cashiers/servers offered only policy-consistent beverages. Additional efforts are needed to ... |
| Document Type: |
article in journal/newspaper |
| File Description: |
application/pdf |
| Language: |
unknown |
| Relation: |
qt96v1z4g8; https://escholarship.org/uc/item/96v1z4g8; https://escholarship.org/content/qt96v1z4g8/qt96v1z4g8.pdf |
| DOI: |
10.1017/s1368980021001245 |
| Availability: |
https://escholarship.org/uc/item/96v1z4g8; https://escholarship.org/content/qt96v1z4g8/qt96v1z4g8.pdf; https://doi.org/10.1017/s1368980021001245 |
| Rights: |
CC-BY |
| Accession Number: |
edsbas.17A3897D |
| Database: |
BASE |