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Exploring the cost-effectiveness of high versus low perioperative fraction of inspired oxygen in the prevention of surgical site infections among abdominal surgery patients in three low- and middle-income countries

Title:	Exploring the cost-effectiveness of high versus low perioperative fraction of inspired oxygen in the prevention of surgical site infections among abdominal surgery patients in three low- and middle-income countries
Authors:	GlobalSurg Collaborative writing group: Aneel Bhangu; Adesoji O Ademuyiwa; Maria Lorena Aguilera; Philip Alexander; Sara W Al-Saqqa; Giuliano Borda-Luque; Ainhoa Costas-Chavarri; Thomas M Drake; Faustin Ntirenganya; J Edward Fitzgerald; Stuart J Fergusson; James Glasbey; J. C Allen Ingabire; Lawani Ismaïl; Hosni Khairy Salem; Anyomih Theophilus Teddy Kojo; Marie Carmela Lapitan; Richard Lilford; Andre L Mihaljevic; Dion Morton; Alphonse Zeta Mutabazi; Dmitri Nepogodiev; Adewale O Adisa; Riinu Ots; Francesco Pata; Thomas Pinkney; Tomas Poškus; Ahmad Uzair Qureshi; Antonio Ramos-De la Medina; Sarah Rayne; Catherine A Shaw; Sebastian Shu; Richard Spence; Neil Smart; Stephen Tabiri; Ewen M Harrison GlobalSurg Collaborative patient representatives: Azmina Verjee; Emmy Runigamugabo Protocol development: Chetan Khatri; Midhun Mohan; Zahra Jaffry; Afnan Altamini; Andrew Kirby; Kjetil Søreide; Gustavo Recinos; Jen Cornick; Ewen M Harrison; Aneel Bhangu GlobalSurg Collaborative national leads: Argentina; Maria Marta Modolo; Australia; Dushyant Iyer; Sebastian King; Tom Arthur; Bangladesh, Sayeda Nazmum Nahar; Barbados, Ade Waterman; Benin, Lawani Ismaïl; Botswana, Michael Walsh; Canada; Arnav Agarwal; Augusto Zani; Mohammed Firdouse; Tyler Rouse; China, Qinyang Liu; Colombia, Juan Camilo Correa; Egypt, Hosni Khairy Salem; Estonia, Peep Talving; Ethiopia, Mengistu Worku; France, Alexis Arnaud; Ghana, Stephen Tabiri; Greece, Vassilis Kalles; Guatemala; India; Basant Kumar; Sunil Kumar; Indonesia, Radhian Amandito; Ireland, Roy Quek; Italy; Luca Ansaloni; Jordan, Ahmed Altibi; Lithuania; Donatas Venskutonis; Justas Zilinskas; Tomas Poskus; Madagascar, John Whitaker; Malawi, Vanessa Msosa; Malaysia, Yong Yong Tew; Malta; Alexia Farrugia; Elaine Borg; Mexico, Antonio Ramos-De la Medina; Morocco, Zineb Bentounsi; Nigeria, Adesoji O Ademuyiwa; Norway, Kjetil Søreide; Pakistan, Tanzeela Gala; Palestinian Territory; Ibrahim Al-Slaibi; Haya Tahboub; Osaid H. Alser; Peru; Diego Romani; Sebestian Shu; Poland, Piotr Major; Romania; Aurel Mironescu; Matei Bratu; Amar Kourdouli; Saint Kitts and Nevis, Aliyu Ndajiwo; Saudi Arabia; Abdulaziz Altwijri; Mohammed Ubaid Alsaggaf; Ahmad Gudal; Al Faifi Jubran; Sierra Leone, Sam Seisay; Singapore, Bettina Lieske; South Africa; Spain, Irene Ortega; Sri Lanka; Jenifa Jeyakumar; Kithsiri J. Senanayake; Sudan, Omar Abdulbagi; Sweden, Yucel Cengiz; Switzerland, Dmitri Raptis; Turkey, Yuksel Altinel; United Kingdom; Chia Kong; Ella Teasdale; Gareth Irwin; Michael Stoddart; Rakan Kabariti; Sukrit Suresh; United States; Katherine Gash; Ragavan Narayanan; Zambia; Mayaba Maimbo GlobalSurg Collaborative Local collaborators: Albania: Besmir Grizhja; Shpetim Ymeri; Gezim Galiqi (Spitali Rajonal Shkoder). Argentina: Roberto Klappenbach; Diego Antezana; Alvaro Enrique Mendoza Beleño; Cecilia Costa; Belen Sanchez; Susan Aviles (Hospital Zonal General De Agudos Simplemente Evita); Claudio Gabriel Fermani; Rubén Balmaceda; Santiago Villalobos; Juan Manuel Carmona (Hospital Luis C. Lagomaggiore; Mendoza). Australia: Daniel Hamill; Peter Deutschmann; Simone Sandler; Daniel Cox (Alice Springs Hospital); Ram Nataraja; Claire Sharpin; Damir Ljuhar (Monash Medical Center); Demi Gray, Morgan Haines (Port Macquarie Base Hospital); Dush Iyer; Nithya Niranjan; Scott D'Amours (Liverpool Hospital); Morvarid Ashtari; Helena Franco (Gold Coast University Hospital). Bangladesh: Ashrarur Rahman Mitul; Sabbir Karim (Dhaka Shishu (Children) Hospital); Nowrin F. Aman, Mahnuma Mahfuz Estee (Holy Family Red Crescent Medical College &; Hospital); Umme Salma; Joyeta Razzaque; Tasnia Hamid Kanta (Dhaka Medical College And Hospital); Sayeeda Aktar Tori; Shadid Alamin; Swapnil Roy; Shadid Al Amin; Rezaul Karim (Armed Forces Medical College); Muhtarima Haque; Amreen Faruq; Farhana Iftekhar (Birdem Bangladesh Institute Of Research And Rehabilitation In Diabetes Endocrine And Metabolic Disorder General Hospital); Barbados: Margaret O'Shea; Greg Padmore; Ramesh Jonnalagadda (Queen Elizabeth Hospital). Belarus: Andrey Litvin; Aliaksandr Filatau; Dzmitry Paulouski; Maryna Shubianok; Tatsiana Shachykava (Gomel Regional Clinical Hospital); Dzianis Khokha; Vladimir Khokha (City Hospital) Benin: Fernande Djivoh; Francis Dossou (Centre National Hospitalier Et Universitaire Hubert Koutoukou Maga); Djifid Morel Seto; Dansou Gaspard Gbessi; Bruno Noukpozounkou; Yacoubou Imorou Souaibou (Centre National Hospitalier Et Universitaire Hubert Koutoukou Maga); Kpèmahouton René Keke, Fred Hodonou (Clinique Vignon); Ernest Yemalin Stephane Ahounou, Thierry Alihonou (Hopital El Fateh); Max Dénakpo; Germain Ahlonsou (Hospital Saint Luc). Botswana: Alemayehu Ginbo Bedada (Princess Marina Hospital). Burundi: Carlos Nsengiyumva; Sandrine Kwizera; Venerand Barendegere (Hopital Militaire De Kamenge). Cambodia: Philip Choi; Simon Stock (World Mate Emergency Hospital) Canada: Luai Jamal; Georges Azzie; Sameer Kushwaha; Arnav Agarwal (The Hospital for Sick Children). China: Tzu-Ling Chen; Chingwan Yip (Fudan University Affiliated Huashan Hospital). Colombia: Irene Montes; Felipe Zapata; Sebastian Sierra (Clinica CES); Maria Isabel Villegas Lanau; Maria Clara Mendoza Arango; Ivan Mendoza Restrepo (Clinica Las Vegas); Sebastian Sierra; Ruben Santiago Restrepo Giraldo; Maria Clara Mendoza Arango (Hospital Universitario San Vicente Fundación). Croatia: Edgar Domini; Robert Karlo; Jakov Mihanovic (Zadar General Hospital). Egypt: Mohamed Youssef; Hossam Elfeki; Waleed Thabet; Aly Sanad; Gehad Tawfik; Ahmed Zaki; Noran Abdel-Hameed; Mohamed Mostafa; Muhammad Fathi Waleed Omar; Ahmed Ghanem; Emad Abdallah; Adel Denewar; Eman Emara; Eman Rashad; Ahmad Sakr; Rehab Elashry; Sameh Emile (Mansoura University Hospital); Toqa Khafagy; Sara Elhamouly; Arwa Elfarargy; Amna Mamdouh Mohamed; Ghada Saied Nagy; Abeer Esam; Eman Elwy; Aya Hammad; Salwa Khallaf; Eman Ibrahim; Ahmed Saidbadr; Ahmed Moustafa; Amany Eldosouky Mohammed; Mohammed Elgheriany; Eman Abdelmageed; Eman Abd Al Raouf; Esraa Samir Elbanby; Maha Elmasry; Mahitab Morsy Farahat; Eman Yahya Mansor; Eman Magdy Hegazy; Esraa Gamal; Heba Gamal; Hend Kandil; Doaa Maher Abdelrouf; Mohamed Moaty (Menofiya University Hospital); Dina Gamal; Nada El-Sagheer; Mohamed Salah; Salma Magdy; Asmaa Salah; Ahmed Essam; Ahmed Ali; Mahmoud Badawy; Sara Ahmed (Beni Suef University Hospital); Mazed Mohamed; Abdelrahman Assal; Mohamed Sleem; Mai Ebidy; Aly Abd Elrazek; Diaaaldin Zahran; Nourhan Adam; Mohamed Nazir; Adel B Hassanein; Ahmed Ismail; Amira Elsawy; Rana Mamdouh; Mohamed Mabrouk; Lopna Ahmed Mohamed Ahmed; Mohamed Hassab Alnaby; Eman Magdy; Manar Abd-Elmawla; Marwan Fahim; Bassant Mowafy; Moustafa Ibrahim Mahmoud; Meran Allam; Muhammad Alkelani; Noran Halim El Gendy; Mariam Saad Aboul-Naga; Reham Alaa El-Din; Alyaa Halim Elgendy; Mohamed Ismail; Mahmoud Shalaby; Aya Adel Elsharkawy; Mahmoud Elsayed Moghazy; Khaled Hesham Elbisomy; Hend Adel Gawad Shakshouk; Mohamed Fouad Hamed; Mai Mohamed Ebidy; Mostafa Abdelkader; Mohamed Karkeet (Alexandria Main UniversIty Hospital); Hayam Ahmed; Israa Adel; Mohammad Elsayed Omar; Mohamed Ibrahim; Omar Ghoneim; Omar Hesham; Shimaa Gamal; Karim Hilal; Omar Arafa; Sawsan Adel Awad; Menatalla Salem; Fawzia Abdellatif Elsherif; Nourhan Elsabbagh; Moustafa R. Aboelsoud; Ahmed Hossam Eldin Fouad Rida; Amr Hossameldin; Ethar Hany; Yomna Hosny Asar; Nourhan Anwar; Mohamed Gadelkarim; Samar Abdelhady; Eman Mohamed Morshedy; Reham Saad; Nourhan Soliman; Mahmoud Salama (Alexandria Medical Research Institute); Eslam Ezzat; Arwa Mohamed; Arwa Ibrahim; Alaa Fergany; Sara Mohammed; Aya Reda; Yomna Allam; Hanan Adel Saad; Afnan Abdelfatah; Aya Mohamed Fathy; Ahmed El-Sehily; Esraa Abdalmageed Kasem; Ahmed Tarek Abdelbaset Hassan; Ahmed Rabeih Mohammed; Abdalla Gamal Saad; Yasmin Elfouly; Nesma Elfouly; Arij Ibrahim; Amr Hassaan; Mohammed Mustafa Mohammed; Ghada Elhoseny; Mohamed Magdy; Esraa Abd Elkhalek; Yehia Zakaria; Tarek Ezzat; Ali Abo El Dahab; Mohamed Kelany; Sara Arafa; Osama Mokhtar Mohamed Hassan; Nermin Mohamed Badwi; Ahmad Saber Sleem; Hussien Ahmed; Kholoud Abdelbadeai; Mohamed Abozed Abdullah (Faculty Of Medicine; Zagazig University); Muhammad Amsyar Auni Lokman; Suraya Bahar; Anan Rady Abdelazeam; Abdelrahman Adelshone; Muhammad Bin Hasnan; Athirah Zulkifli; Siti Nur Alia Kamarulzamil; Abdelaziz Elhendawy; Aliang Latif; Ahmad Bin Adnan; Shahadatul Shaharuddin; Aminah Hanum Haji Abdul Majid; Mahmoud Amreia; Dina Al-Marakby; Mahmoud Salma; Mohamad Jeffrey Bin Ismail; Elissa Rifhan Mohd Basir; Citra Dewi Mohd Ali; Aya Yehia Ata (Faculty Of Medicine; Tanta University); Maha Nasr; Asmaa Rezq; Ahmed Sheta; Sherif Tariq; Abd Elkhalek Sallam; Abdelrhman KZ Darwish; Sohaila Elmihy; Shady Elhadry; Ahmed Farag; Haidar Hajeh; Abdelaziz Abdelaal; Amro Aglan; Ahmed Zohair; Mahitab Essam; Omar Moussa; Esraa El-Gizawy; Mostafa Samy; Safia Ali; Esraa Elhalawany; Ahmed Ata; Mohamed El Halawany; Mohamed Nashat; Samar Soliman; Alaa Elazab; Mostada Samy (El-Menshawy General Hospital); Mohamed A Abdelaziz; Khaled Ibrahim; Ahmed mohamed Ibrahim; Ammar Gado; Usama Hantour (Al-Hussein Hospital); Esraa Alm Eldeen; Mohamed Reda loaloa; Arwa Abouzaid; Mostafa Ahmed Bahaa Eldin; Eman Hashad; Fathy Sroor; Doaa Gamil; Eman Mahmoud Abdulhakeem; Mahmoud Zakaria; Fawzy Mohamed; Marwan Abubakr; Elsayed Ali; Hesham Magdy; Menna Tallah Ramadan; Mohamed Abdelaty Mohamed; Salma Mansour; Hager Abdul Aziz Amin; Ahmed Rabie Mohamed; Mahmoud Saami; Nada Ahmed Reda Elsayed; Adham Tarek; Sabry Mohy Eldeen Mahmoud; Islam Magdy El Sayed; Amira Reda; Martina Yusuf Shawky; Mohammed Mousa Salem; Shahinaz Alaa El-Din; Noha Abdullah Soliman; Muhammed Talaat; Shahinaz Alaael-Dein; Ahmed Abd Elmoen Elhusseiny; Noha Abdullah; Mohammed Elshaar; Aya AbdelFatah Ibraheem; Hager Abdulaziz; Mohammed Kamal Ismail; Mona Hamdy Madkor; Mohamed Abdelaty; Sara Mahmoud Abdel-Kader; Osama Mohamed Salah (Benha Faculty Of Medicine); Mahmoud Eldafrawy; Ahmed Zaki Eldeeb; Mostafa Mahmoud Eid (October 6 University Hospital); Attia Attia; Khalid Salah El-Dien; Ayman Shwky (Bab El-Shareia University Hospital); Mohamed Adel Badenjki; Abdelrahman Soliman; Samaa Mahmoud Al Attar (The Memorial Soaad Kafafi University Hospital); Farrag Sayed; Fahd Abdel Sabour; Mohammed G. Azizeldine; Muhammad Shawqi; Abdullah Hashim; Ahmed Aamer; Ahmed Mahmoud Abdelraouf; Mahmoud Abdelshakour; Amal Ibrahim; Basma Mahmoud; Mohamed Ali Mahmoud; Mostafa Qenawy; Ahmed M. Rashed; Ahmed Dahy; Marwa Sayed; Ahmed W. Shamsedine; Bakeer Mohamed; Ahmad Hasan; Mahmoud M. Saad; Khalil Abdul Bassit (Assiut University Hospital); Nadia Khalid Abd El-Latif; Nada Elzahed; Ahmed El Kashash; Nada Mohamed Bekhet; Sarah Hafez; Ahmed Gad; Mahmoud Elkhadragy Maher; Ahmed Abd Elsameea; Mohamed Hafez; Ahmad Sabe; Ataa Ahmed; Ahmed Shahine; Khaled Dawood; Shireen Gaafar; Reem Husseiny; Omnia Aboelmagd; Ahmed Soliman; Nourhan Mesbah; Hossam Emadeldin; Amgad Al Meligy; Amira Hassan Bekhet; Doaa Hasan; Khaled Alhady; Ahmad Khaled Sabe; Mahmoud A. Elnajjar; Majed Aboelella; Ward Hamsho; Ihab Hassan; Hala Saad; Galaleldin Abdelazim; Hend Mahmoud; Noha Wael; Ahmedali M Kandil; Ahmed Magdy; Shimaa Said Elkholy; Badr Eldin Adel; Kareem Dabbour; Saged Elsherbiney; Omar Mattar; Abdulshafi Khaled Abdrabou; Mohammed Yahia Mohamed Aly; Abdelrahman Geuoshy; Ahmedglal Elnagar; Saraibrahim Ahmed; Ibrahem Abdelmotaleb; Amr Ahmed Saleh; Manar Saeed; Shady Mahmoud; Badreldin Adel Tawfik; Samar Adel Ismail; Esraay Zakaria; Mariam O. Gad‏; Mohamed Salah Elhelbawy; Monica Bassem; Noha Maraie; Nourhan Medhat Elhadary; Nourhan Semeda; Shaza Rabie Mohamed; Hesham Mohammed Bakry; AA Essam (Kasr Al-Ainy Faculty Of Medicine; Cairo University); Dina Tarek; Khlood Ashour; Alaa Elhadad; Abdulrahman Abdel-Aty; Ibrahim Rakha; Sara Mamdouh Matter; Rasha Abdelhamed; Omar Abdelkader; Ayat Hassaan; Yasmin Soliman; Amna Mohamed; Sara Ghanem; Sara Amr Mohamed Farouk; Eman Mohamed Ibrahim; Esraa El-Taher (Faculty Of Medicine Seuz Canal University); Merna Mostafa; Mohamed Fawzy Mahrous Badr; Rofida Elsemelawy; Aya El-Sawy; Ahmad Bakr; Ahmad Abdel Razaq Al Rafati (Smouha University Hospital); Estonia: Sten Saar; Arvo Reinsoo; Peep Talving (The North Estonia Medical Centre). Ethiopia: Nebyou Seyoum; Tewodros Worku; Agazi Fitsum (Addis Ababa University; College of Health Sciences; School of Medicine). Finland: Matti Tolonen; Ari Leppäniemi; Ville Sallinen (Helsinki University Hospital). France: Benoît Parmentier; Matthieu Peycelon; Sabine Irtan (Trousseau Hospital; APHP); Sabrina Dardenne, Elsa Robert (GHICL); Betty Maillot; Etienne Courboin; Alexis Pierre Arnaud; Juliette Hascoet (CHU Rennes); Olivier Abbo; Amir Ait Kaci; Thomas Prudhomme (CHU Toulouse); Quentin Ballouhey; Céline Grosos; Laurent Fourcade (CHU Limoges); Tolg Cecilia; Colombani Jean-Francois; Francois-Coridon Helene (CHU Martinique); Xavier Delforge, Elodie Haraux (CHU Amiens Picardie); Bertrand Dousset; Roberto Schiavone; Sebastien Gaujoux (Cochin - APHP); Jean-Baptiste Marret; Aurore Haffreingue; Julien Rod (CHU Caen); Mariette Renaux-Petel (CHU Rouen); Jean-François Lecompte; Jean Bréaud; Pauline Gastaldi (CHU Lenval Nice); Chouikh Taieb; Raquillet Claire; Echaieb Anis (Hopital Robert Ballanger; Paris); Nasir Bustangi; Manuel Lopez; Aurelien Scalabre (CHU De Saint Etienne); Maria Giovanna Grella (CHU Poitiers); Aurora Mariani; Guillaume Podevin; Françoise Schmitt (CHU Angers); Erik Hervieux; Aline Broch; Cecile Muller (Hopital Necker Enfants Malades; APHP). Ghana: Stephen Tabiri; Dickson Bandoh; Francis Abantanga; Martin Kyereh; Hamza Asumah; Eric Kofi Appiah; Paul Wondoh (Tamale Teaching Hospital); Adam Gyedu; Charles Dally; Kwabena Agbedinu; Michael Amoah; Abiboye Yifieyeh (Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology/Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital); Frank Owusu (St. Particks Hospital); Mabel Amoako-Boateng; Makafui Dayie; Richmond Hagan; Sam Debrah (Cape Coast Teaching Hosital); Micheal Ohene-Yeboah; Joe-Nat Clegg-Lampety; Victor Etwire; Jonathan Dakubo; Samuel Essoun; William Bonney; Hope Glover-Addy; Samuel Osei-Nketiah; Joachim Amoako; Niiarmah Adu-Aryee; William Appeadu-Mensah; Antoinette Bediako-Bowan; Florence Dedey (Korle Bu Teaching Hospital); Mattew Ekow; Emmanuel Akatibo; Musah Yakubu (Baptist Medical Center; Nalerigu); Hope Edem Kofi Kordorwu; Kwasi Asare-Bediako; Enoch Tackie (Keta Hospital District Hospital; Keta); Kenneth Aaniana; Emmanuel Acquah; Richard Opoku-Agyeman; Anthony Avoka; Kwasi Kusi; Kwame Maison (Techiman Holy Family Hospital); Frank Enoch Gyamfi (Berekum Holy Family Hospital); Gandau Naa Barnabas, Saiba Abdul-Latif (Upper West Regional Hospital); Philip Taah Amoako (Samapa Government Hospital); Anthony Davor, Victor Dassah (Upper East Regional Hospital); Enoch Dagoe (St. Mary's Hospital); Prince Kwakyeafriyie (Essumejaman Sda Hospital, Dominase); Elliot Akoto; Eric Ackom; Ekow Mensah (Dormaa Presbyterian Hospital); Ebenezer Takyi Atkins; Christian Lari Coompson (Brongho-Ahafo Regional Hospital; Sunyani) Greece: Nikolaos Ivros; Christoforos Ferousis; Vasileios Kalles; Christos Agalianos; Ioannis Kyriazanos; Christos Barkolias; Angelos Tselos; Georgios Tzikos; Evangelos Voulgaris (Naval And Veterans Hospital); Dimitrios Lytras; Athanasia Bamicha; Kyriakos Psarianos (Achillopoyleio General Hospital Of Volos); Anastasios Stefanopoulos (General Hospital Of Nafplio, Department Of Surgery); Ioannis Patoulias; Dimitrios Sfougaris; Ioannis Valioulis (G. Gennimatas Hospital); Dimitrios Balalis; Dimitrios Korkolis; Dimitrios K Manatakis (Saint Savvas Cancer Hospital); Georgios Kyrou; Georgios Karabelias; Iason-Antonios Papaskarlatos (General And Oncological Hospital Of Kifissia-Athens); Kolonia Konstantina; Nikolaos Zampitis; Stylianos Germanos (General Hospital Of Larissa); Aspasia Papailia; Theodosios Theodosopoulos; Georgios Gkiokas (2nd Dept Of Surgery; Aretaieion Hospital; National &; Kapodistrian University Of Athens School Of Medicine); Magdalini Mitroudi; Christina Panteli; Thomas Feidantsis; Konstantinos Farmakis (G. Gennimatas General Hospital); Dimitrios Kyziridis; Orestis Ioannidis; Styliani Parpoudi (4th Surgical Department; Aristotle University Of Thessaloniki; General Hospital; Papanikolaou); Georgios Gemenetzis, Stavros Parasyris (Attikon University Hospital); Christos Anthoulakis; Nikolaos Nikoloudis; Michail Margaritis (Serres General Hospital); Guatemala: Maria-Lorena Aguilera-Arevalo; Otto Coyoy-Gaitan; Javier Rosales (Hospital General San Juan De Dios); Luis Tale; Rafael Soley; Emmanuel Barrios (Juan Josè Arevalo Bermejo); Servio Tulio Torres Rodriguez; Carlos Paz Galvez; Danilo Herrera Cruz (Hospital San Vicente); Guillermo Sanchez Rosenberg; Alejandro Matheu; David Monterroso Cohen (Hospital Herrera Llerandi). Haiti: Marie Paul; Angeline Charles (Hopital Universitaire De Mirebalais). Hong Kong SAR; China: Justin Chak Yiu Lam; Man Hon Andrew Yeung; Chi Ying Jacquelyn Fok; Ka Hin Gabriel Li; Anthony Chuk-Him Lai; Yuk Hong Eric Cheung; Hong Yee Wong; Ka Wai Leung; Tien Seng Bryan Lee; Wai Him Lam; Weihei Dao; Stephanie Hiu-wai Kwok; Tsz-Yan Katie Chan; Yung Kok Ng; TWC Mak (Prince of Wales Hospital); Qinyang Liu; Chi Chung Foo; James Yang (University of Hong Kong). India: Basant Kumar; Ankur Bhatnagar; Vijaid Upadhyaya (Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences); Sunil Kumar (Excelcare Hospital); Uday Muddebihal; Wasim Dar; KC Janardha (Manipal Hospital); Neerav Aruldas (Lady Willingdon Hospital). Indonesia: Fidelis Jacklyn Adella; Anthonius Santoso Rulie; Ferdy Iskandar; Jonny Setiawan (Atma Jaya Hospital); Cicilia Viany Evajelista; Hani Natalie; Arlindawati Suyadi (Dr. Oen Surakarta Hospital); Rudy Gunawan; Herlin Karismaningtyas; Lusi Padma Sulistianingsih Mata; Ferry Fitriya Ayu Andika; Afifatun Hasanah; T Ariani Widiastini; Nurlaila Ayu Purwaningsih; Annisa Dewi Fitriana Mukin; Dina Faizatur Rahmah; Hazmi Dwinanda Nurqistan; Hasbi Maulana Arsyad; Novia Adhitama (Rsd Dr Soebandi); Wifanto Saditya Jeo; Nathania Sutandi; Audrey Clarissa; Phebe Anggita Gultom; Matthew Billy; Andreass Haloho; Radhian Amandito; Nadya Johanna; Felix Lee (Rsupn Cipto Mangunkusumo); Ireland: Radin Mohd Nurrahman Radin Dorani; Martha Glynn; Mohammad Alherz; Wennweoi Goh; Haaris A. Shiwani; Lorraine Sproule; Kevin C. Conlon (Tallaght Hospital; Trinity College Dublin) Israel: Miklosh Bala; Asaf Kedar (Hadassah Hebrew University Medical Center). Italy: Luca Turati; Federica Bianco; Francesca Steccanella (Treviglio Hospital); Gaetano Gallo; Mario Trompetto; Giuseppe Clerico (Department of Colorectal Surgery; S. Rita Clinic; Vercelli); Matteo Papandrea; Giuseppe Sammarco; Rosario Sacco (Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences; Policlinico Universitario Mater Domini Campus Salvatore Venuta; Catanzaro); Angelo Benevento; Luisa Giavarini (Sant'Antonio Abate Hospital; Gallarate); Mariano Cesare Giglio; Luigi Bucci; Gianluca Pagano; Viviana Sollazzo; Roberto Peltrini; Gaetano Luglio (Federico II University Of Naples); Arianna Birindelli; Salomone Di Saverio; Gregorio Tugnoli (Maggiore Hospital); Miguel Angel Paludi; Pietro Mingrone; Domenica Pata (Nicola Giannettasio Hospital; Rossano); Francesco Selvaggi; Lucio Selvaggi; Gianluca Pellino; Natale Di Martino (Universitá della Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”; Naples); Gianluca Curletti; Paolo Aonzo; Raffaele Galleano (Ospedale Santa Corona; Pietra Ligure (SV)); Stefano Berti; Elisa Francone; Silvia Boni (S. Andrea Hospital; Poll-Asl 5; La Spezia); Laura Lorenzon; Annalisa lo Conte; Genoveffa Balducci (Sant’Andrea Hospital; Sapienza University of Rome); Gianmaria Confalonieri, Giovanni Pesenti (Azienda Ospedaliera Alessandro Manzoni); Laura Gavagna; Giorgio Vasquez; Simone Targa; Savino Occhionorelli; Dario Andreotti (Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Di Ferrara); Giacomo Pata; Andrea Armellini; Deborah Chiesa (A. O. Spedali Civili Di Brescia); Fabrizio Aquilino; Nicola Chetta; Arcangelo Picciariello; Mohamed Abdelkhalek; Andrea Belli; Silvia De Franciscis (Istituto Nazionale Tumori Fondazione; Pascale-I. R. C. C. S. ); Annamaria Bigaran; Alessandro Favero; Stefano M. M Basso (Azienda Per L'assistenza Sanitaria N. 5 Friuli Occidentale); Paola Salusso; Martina Perino; Sylvie Mochet; Diego Sasia; Francesco Riente; Marco Migliore (Azienda Sanitaria Ospedaliera San Luigi Gonzaga); David Merlini; Silvia Basilicò; Carlo Corbellini (Ospedale Di Rho - ASST Rhodense); Veronica Lazzari; Yuri Macchitella; Luigi Bonavina (IRCCS Policlinico; University of Milano; San Donato); Daniele Angelieri; Diego Coletta; Federica Falaschi; Marco Catani; Claudia Reali; Mariastella Malavenda; Celeste Del Basso; Sergio Ribaldi; Massimo Coletti; Andrea Natili; Norma Depalma; Immacolata Iannone; Angelo Antoniozzi; Davide Rossi (Policlinico Umberto I Emergency Surgery Department); Daniele Gui; Gerardo Perrotta; Matteo Ripa; Francesco Ruben Giardino; Maurizio Foco (Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli); Erika Vicario; Federico Coccolini; Gabriela Elisa Nita (AO Papa Giovanni XXIII); Nicoletta Leone; Andrea Bondurri; Anna Maffioli (Ospedale Sacco); Andrea Simioni; Davide De Boni; Sandro Pasquali (IOV - Istituto Oncologico Veneto); Elena Goldin; Elena Vendramin; Eleonora Ciccioli (Azienda Ospedaliera di Padova); Umberto Tedeschi; Luca Bortolasi; Paola Violi; Tommaso Campagnaro; Simone Conci; Giovanni Lazzari; Calogero Iacono; Alfredo Gulielmi; Serena Manfreda (Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata di Verona); Anna Rinaldi; Maria Novella Ringressi; Beatrice Brunoni (Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Careggi); Giuseppe Salamone; Mirko Mangiapane; Paolino De Marco; Antonella La Brocca; Roberta Tutino; Vania Silvestri; Leo Licari; Tommaso Fontana; Nicolò Falco; Gianfranco Cocorullo (Policlinico Paolo Giaccone di Palermo); Mostafa Shalaby; Pierpaolo Sileri; Claudio Arcudi (Policlinico Tor Vergata Hospital; Rome) Jordan: Isam Bsisu; Khaled Aljboor; Lana Abusalem; Aseel Alnusairat; Ahmad Qaissieh; Emad Al-Dakka; Ali Ababneh; Oday Halhouli (Jordan University Hospital). Kenya: Taha Yusufali; Hussein Mohammed (Kenyatta National Hospital); Justus Lando; Robert Parker; Wairimu Ndegwa (Tenwek Hospital). Lithuania: Mantas Jokubauskas; Jolanta Gribauskaite; Donatas Venskutonis (Lithuanian University Of Health Sciences); Justas Kuliavas; Audrius Dulskas; Narimantas E. Samalavicius (Klaipeda University Hospital; National Cancer Institute); Kristijonas Jasaitis; Audrius Parseliunas; Viktorija Nevieraite; Margarita Montrimaite; Evelina Slapelyte; Edvinas Dainius; Romualdas Riauka; Zilvinas Dambrauskas; Andrejus Subocius; Linas Venclauskas; Antanas Gulbinas; Saulius Bradulskis; Simona Kasputyte; Deimante Mikuckyte; Mindaugas Kiudelis; Tomas Jankus; Steponas Petrikenas (Lithuanian University of Health Sciences); Matas Pažuskis; Zigmantas Urniežius; Mantas Vilčinskas (Republican Hospital of Kaunas); Vincas Jonas Banaitis; Vytautas Gaižauskas; Edvard Grisin; Povilas Mazrimas; Rokas Rackauskas; Mantas Drungilas; Karolis Lagunavicius; Vytautas Lipnickas; Dovilè Majauskyté; Valdemaras Jotautas; Tomas Abaliksta; Laimonas Uščinas; Gintaras Simutis; Adomas Ladukas; Donatas Danys; Erikas Laugzemys; Saulius Mikalauskas; Elena Zdanyte Sruogiene (Vilnius University Hospital); Petras Višinskas; Reda Žilinskienė; Deividas Dragatas (Hospital Of Jonava); Andrius Burmistrovas, Zygimantas Tverskis (Taurage Hospital); Arturas Vaicius; Ruta Mazelyte; Antanas Zadoroznas (Viesoji Istaiga Rokiskio Rajono Ligonine); Nerijus Kaselis, Greta Žiubrytė (Republican Hospital Of Klaipeda); Madagascar: Finaritra Casimir Fleur Prudence Rahantasoa; Luc Hervé Samison; Fanjandrainy Rasoaherinomenjanahary; Todisoa Emmanuella Christina Tolotra (Joseph Ravoahangy Andrianavalona Hospital). Malawi: Cornelius Mukuzunga; Vanessa Msosa; Chimwemwe Kwatiwani; Nelson Msiska (Kamuzu Central Hospital). Malaysia: Feng Yih Chai; Siti Mohd Desa Asilah; Khuzaimah Zahid Syibrah (Hospital Keningau); Pui Xin Chin; Afizah Salleh; Nur Zulaika Riswan (Kajang Hospital); April Camilla Roslani; Hoong-Yin Chong; Nora Abdul Aziz; Keat-Seong Poh; Chu-Ann Chai; Sandip Kumar (University Malaya Medical Centre); Mustafa Mohammed Taher; Nik Ritza Kosai; Dayang Nita Abdul Aziz; Reynu Rajan (Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre UKMMC); Rokayah Julaihi; Durvesh Lacthman Jethwani; Muhammad Taqiyuddin Yahaya; Nik Azim Nik Abdullah; Susan Wndy Mathew; Kuet Jun Chung; Milaksh Kumar Nirumal; R. Goh Ern Tze; Syed Abdul Wahhab Eusoffee Wan Ali (Sarawak General Hospital); Yiing Yee Gan, Jesse Ron Swire Ting (Hospital Sibu); Samuel S. Y. Sii; Kean Leong Koay; Yi Koon Tan; Alvin Ee Zhiun Cheah; Chui Yee Wong; Tuan Nur'Azmah Tuan Mat; Crystal Yern Nee Chow; Prisca A. L. Har; Yishan Der (Hospital Sultanah Aminah); Yong Yong Tew; Fitjerald Henry; Xinwei Low (Selayang Hospital); Ya Theng Neo; Hian Ee Heng; Shu Ning Kong; Cheewei Gan; Yi Ting Mok; Yee Wen Tan; Kandasami Palayan; Mahadevan Deva Tata; Yih Jeng Cheong (Hospital Tuanku Ja'afar); Kuhaendran Gunaseelan; Wan Nurul 'Ain Wan Mohd Nasir; Pigeneswaren Yoganathan (Hospital Keningau); Eu Xian Lee; Jian Er Saw; Li Jing Yeang; Pei Ying Koh; Shyang Yee Lim; Shuang Yi Teo (Hospital Pulau Pinang / Penang Medical College); Malta: Nicole Grech; Daniela Magri; Kristina Cassar; Christine Mizzi; Malcolm Falzon; Nihaal Shaikh; Ruth Scicluna; Stefan Zammit; Sean Mizzi; Svetlana Doris Brincat; Thelma Tembo; Vu Thanh Hien Le; Tara Grima; Keith Sammut; Kurt Carabott; Ciskje Zarb; Andre Navarro; Thea Dimech; Georgette Marie Camilleri; Isaac Bertuello; Jeffrey Dalli; Karl Bonavia (Mater Dei Hospital). Mexico: Samantha Corro-Diaz; Marisol Manriquez-Reyes; Antonio Ramos-De la Medina (Hospital Español de Veracruz). Morocco: Amina Abdelhamid; Abdelmalek Hrora; Sarah Benammi; Houda Bachri; Meryem Abbouch; Khaoula Boukhal; Redouane Mammar Bennai; Abdelkader Belkouchi; Mohamed Sobhi Jabal; Chaymae Benyaiche (IBN Sina Hospital) Netherlands: Maarten Vermaas; Lucia Duinhouwer (Ijsselland Hospital) Nicaragua: Javier Pastora; Greta Wood; Maria Soledad Merlo (Hospital Escuela Oscar Danilo Rosales Arguello). Nigeria: Akinlabi Ajao; Omobolaji Ayandipo; Taiwo Lawal; Abdussemiu Abdurrazzaaq (University College Hospital; Ibadan); Muslimat Alada; Abdulrasheed Nasir; James Adeniran; Olufemi Habeeb; Ademola Popoola; Ademola Adeyeye (University Of Ilorin Teaching Hospital; Ilorin); Ademola Adebanjo; Opeoluwa Adesanya; Adewale Adeniyi (Federal Medical Centre; Abeokuta ); Henry Mendel; Bashir Bello; Umar Muktar (Usmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital); Adedapo Osinowo; Thomas Olagboyega Olajide; Oyindamola Oshati; George Ihediwa; Babajide Adenekan; Victor Nwinee; Felix Alakaloko; Adesoji Ademuyiwa; Olumide Elebute; Abdulrazzaq Lawal; Chris Bode; Mojolaoluwa Olugbemi (Lagos University Teaching Hospital); Alaba Adesina; Olubukola Faturoti; Oluwatomi Odutola; Oluwaseyi Adebola; Clement Onuoha; Ogechukwu Taiwo (Babcock University Teaching Hospital); Omolara Williams; Fatai Balogun; Olalekan Ajai; Mobolaji Oludara; Iloba Njokanma; Roland Osuoji (Lagos State University Teaching Hospital); Stephen Kache; Jonathan Ajah; Jerry Makama (Barau Dikko Teaching Hospital; Kaduna State University; Kaduna); Ahmed Adamu; Suleiman Baba; Mohammad Aliyu; Shamsudeen Aliyu; Yahaya Ukwenya; Halima Aliyu; Tunde Sholadoye; Muhammad Daniyan; Oluseyi Ogunsua (Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital Zaria); Lofty-John Anyanwu; Abdurrahaman Sheshe; Aminu Mohammad (Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital); Samson Olori; Philip Mshelbwala; Babatunde Odeyemi; Garba Samson; Oyediran Kehinde Timothy; Sani Ali Samuel (University Of Abuja Teaching Hospital; Anthony Ajiboye; Ademola Adeyeye; Isaac Amole; Olajide Abiola; Akin Olaolorun (Bowen University Teaching Hospital); Norway: Kjetil Søreide; Torhild Veen; Arezo Kanani; Kristian Styles; Ragnar Herikstad; Johannes Wiik Larsen; Jon Arne Søreide (Stavanger University Hospital); Elisabeth Jensen; Mads Gran; Eirik Kjus Aahlin (University Hospital Of Northern Norway); Tina Gaarder; Peter Wiel Monrad-Hansen; Pål Aksel Næss (Oslo University Hospital); Giedrius Lauzikas; Joachim Wiborg; Silje Holte (Sykehuset Telemark HF); Knut Magne Augestad; Gurpreet Singh Banipal; Michela Monteleone; Thomas Tetens Moe; Johannes Kurt Schultz (Akershus University Hospital); Palestine: Taher Al-taher; Ayah Hamdan; Ayman Salman; Rana Saadeh; Aseel Musleh; Dana Jaradat; Soha Abushamleh; Sakhaa Hanoun; Amjad Abu Qumbos; Aseel Hamarshi; Ayman And Taher (Al Makassed Islamic Charitable Society Hospital; Jerusalem); Israa Qawasmi; Khalid Qurie; Marwa Altarayra; Mohammad Ghannam; Alaa Shaheen; Azher Herebat (Alia Governmental Hospital); Aram Abdelhaq; Ahmad Shalabi; Maram Abu-toyour; Fatema Asi; Ala Shamasneh; Anwar Atiyeh; Mousa Mustafa; Rula Zaa'treh; Majd Dabboor (Palestine Medical Complex); Enas Alaloul; Heba Baraka; Jehad Meqbil; Alaa Al-Buhaisi; Mohamedraed Elshami; Samah Afana; Sahar Jaber; Said Alyacoubi; Yousef Abuowda (Islamic University of Gaza Medical School; European Gaza Hospital &; Shifa Hospital); Tasneem Idress, Eman Abuqwaider (Mizan hospital); Sara Al-saqqa; Alaa Bowabsak; Alaa El Jamassi; Doaa Hasanain; Hadeel Al-farram; Maram Salah; Aya Firwana; Marwa Hamdan; Israa Awad (Al-Shifa Hospital); Ahmad Ashour, Fayez Elian Al Barrawi (Bit Hanoun Hospital); Ahmed Al-khatib; Maha Al-faqawi; Mohamed Fares (Nasser Hospital); Amjad Elmashala; Mohammad Adawi; Ihdaa Adawi (Beit Jala Governmental Hospital); Reem Khreishi; Rose Khreishi (Martyr Thabet Govermental hospital; Tulkarem); Ahmad ashour; Ahed Ghaben (Indonesian Hospital; Gaza) Pakistan: Najwa Nadeem; Muhammad Saqlain (Allied Hospital; Faisalabad); Jibran Abbasy; Abdul Rehman Alvi; Tanzeela Gala; Noman Shahzad (Aga Khan University); Kamran Faisal Bhopal; Zainab Iftikhar; Muhammad Talha Butt; Syed Asaat ul Razi; Asdaq Ahmed; Ali Khan Niazi (Bahawal Victoria Hospital); Ibrahim Raza; Fatima Baluch; Ahmed Raza; Ahmad Bani-Sadar; Muhammad Adil; Awais Raza (King Edward Medical University; Mayo Hospital; Lahore); Mahnoor Javaid; Muhammad Waqar; Maryam Ali Khan (CMH Lahore Medical And Dental College); Mohammad Mohsin Arshad, Mohammadasim Amjad (Nishtar Medical College And Hospital); Paraguay: Gustavo Miguel Machain Vega; Jorge Torres Cardozo; Marcelo O ́Higgins Roche; Gustavo Rodolfo Pertersen Servin; Helmut Alfredo Segovia Lohse; Larissa Ines Páez Lopez; Ramón Augusto Melo Cardozo (Hospital de Clínicas; II Cátedra de Clínica Quirúrgica; Universidad Nacional de Asunción) Peru: Fernando Espinoza; Angel David Pérez Rojas; Diana Sanchez; Camila Sanchez Samaniego; Shalon Guevara Torres; Alexander Canta Calua; Cesar Razuri; Nadia Ortiz; Xianelle Rodriguez; Nahilia Carrasco; Fridiz Saravia; Hector Shibao Miyasato; María Valcarcel-Saldaña; Ysabel Esthefany Alejos Bermúdez; Juan Carpio; Walter Ruiz Panez; Pedro Angel Toribio Orbegozo (Hospital Nacional Arzopispo Loayza); Carolina Guzmán Dueñas; Kevin Turpo Espinoza; Ana Maria Sandoval Barrantes; Jorge Armando Chungui Bravo; Lorena Fuentes-Rivera; Carmen Fernández; Bárbara Málaga; Joselyn Ye (Hospital Cayetano Heredia); Ricardo Velasquez, Jannin Salcedo (Clínica De Especialidades Médicas); Ana Lucia Contreras-Vergara; Angelica Genoveva Vergara Mejia; Maria Soledad Gonzales Montejo (Hospital Nacional Guillermo Almenara Irigoyen); Marilia Del Carmen Escalante Salas; Willy Alcca Ticona; Marvin Vargas; George Christian Manrique Sila; Robinson Mas; Arazzelly del Pilar Paucar (Hospital Regional De Ayacucho); Armando José Román Velásquez; Alina Robledo-Rabanal; Ludwing Alexander Zeta Solis (Hospital III José Cayetano Heredia); Kenny Turpo Espinoza (Hospital Nacional Maria Auxiliadora); José Luis Hamasaki Hamaguchi; Erick Samuel Florez Farfan; Linda Alvi Madrid Barrientos; Juan Jaime Herrera Matta (Hospital De Policia); Philippines: John Jemuel V. Mora; Menold Archee P. Redota; Manuel Francisco Roxas; Maria Jesusa B. Maño (The Medical City); Marie Dione Parreno-Sacdalan; Christel Leanne Almanon (Department of Surgery; Philippine General Hospital; University of The Philippines Manila). Poland: Maciej Walędziak; Rafał Roszkowski; Michał Janik (Department of General; Oncological; Metabolic and Thoracic Surgery; Military Institute of Medicine; Warsaw); Anna Lasek; Piotr Major; Dorota Radkowiak; Mateusz Rubinkiewicz (2nd Department of Surgery; Jagiellonian University Medical College). Portugal: Cristina Fernandes; Jose Costa-Maia; Renato Melo (Centro Hospitalar De São João). Romania: Liviu Muntean; Aurel Sandu Mironescu; Lucian Corneliu Vida (Spitalul Clinic De Copii Brasov); Amar Kourdouli, Mariuca Popa (Spital Judetean De Urgenta Din Craiova); Hogea Mircea (Spitalul Clinic Judetean Brasov); Mihaela Vartic; Bogdan Diaconescu; Matei Razvan Bratu; Ionut Negoi; Mircea Beuran; Cezar Ciubotaru (Emergency Hospital of Bucharest). Rwanda: J. C Allen Ingabire; Norbert Uzabumwana (University Teaching Hospital of Kigali); Dieudonne Duhoranenayo (Kibungo Hospital). San Marino: Elio Jovine; Nicola Zanini; Giovanni Landolfo (San Marino State Hospital). Saudi Arabia: Murad Aljiffry; Faisal Idris; Mohammed Saleh A. Alghamdi; Ashraf Maghrabi; Abdulmalik Altaf; Aroub Alkaaki; Ahmad Khoja; Abrar Nawawi; Sondos Turkustani (Department of Surgery; Faculty of Medicine; King Abdulaziz University Hospital; Jeddah) Eyad Khalifah; Adel Albiety; Sarah Sahel; Reham Alshareef; Mohammed Najjar (Department of Surgery; King Abdulaziz University Hospital and Oncology Center; Jeddah) Ahmed Alzahrani; Ahmed Alghamdi; Wedyan Alhazmi (King Fahad Hospital; Jeddah) Ghiath Al Saied; Mohammed Alamoudi; Muhammed Masood Riaz (King Fahad Medical City; Riyadh); Mazen Hassanain; Basmah Alhassan; Abdullah Altamimi; Reem Alyahya; Norah Al Subaie; Fatema Al Bastawis; Afnan Altamimi; Thamer Nouh; Roaa Khan (King Khaled University Hospital); Serbia: Milan Radojkovic; Ljiljana Jeremic; Milica Nestorovic (Clinic for General Surgery; Clinical Center Nis). Singapore: Jia Hao Law; Keith Say Kwang Tan; Ryan Choon Kiat Tan; Joel Kin Tan; Lau Wen Liang Joel; Bettina Lieske; Xue Wei Chan; Faith Qi Hui Leong; Choon Seng Chong; Sharon Koh; Kai Yin Lee; Kuok Chung Lee (National University Hospital) South Africa: Kent Pluke; Britta Dedekind; Puyearashid Nashidengo; Mark Ian Hampton (Victoria Hospital Wynberg); Johanna Joosten; Sanju Sobnach; Liana Roodt; Anthony Sander; James Pape; Richard Spence (Groote Schuur); Niveshni Maistry (Charlotte Maxeke Johannesburg Academic Hospital); Phumudzo Ndwambi; Kamau Kinandu; Myint Tun (Leratong Hospital); Frederick Du Toit; Quinn Ellison; Sule Burger; DC Grobler; Lawrence Bongani Khulu (Tembisa Tertiary Provincial Hospital); Rachel Moore; Vicky Jennings; Astrid Leusink (Chris Hani Baragwanath Academic Hospital); Nazmie Kariem; Juan Gouws; Kathryn Chu; Heather Bougard; Fazlin Noor; Angela Dell (New Somerset Hospital); Stephanie Van Straten (Helen Joseph Hospital; University Of Witwatersrand); Arvin Khamajeet; Serge Kapenda Tshisola; Kalangu Kabongo (Stanger Hospital); Victor Kong (Edendale Hospital); Yoshan Moodley; Frank Anderson; Thandinkosi Madiba (Inkosi Albert Luthuli Central Hospital); Flip du Plooy (Mediclinic Potchefstroom); Leila Hartford; Gareth Chilton; Parveen Karjiker (Mitchell's Plain District Hospital); Matlou Ernest Mabitsela, Sibongile Ruth Ndlovu (Dr George Mukhari Academic Hospital); Maria Badicel, Robert Jaich (Milpark Hospital) Spain: Jaime Ruiz-Tovar (University Hospital Rey Juan Carlos); Luis Garcia-Florez; Jorge L. Otero-Díez; Virginia Ramos Pérez; Nuria Aguado Suárez (Hospital Universitario San Agustín); Javier Minguez García; Sara Corral Moreno; Maria Vicenta Collado; Virginia Jiménez Carneros; Javier García Septiem (Hospital Universitario de Getafe); Mariana Gonzalez; Antonio Picardo; Enrique Esteban; Esther Ferrero; Irene Ortega (Infanta Sofía University Hospital); Eloy Espin-Basany; Ruth Blanco-Colino; Valeria Andriola (Hospital Valle De Hebron); Lorena Solar García; Elisa Contreras; Carmen García Bernardo; Janet Pagnozzi; Sandra Sanz; Alberto Miyar de León; Asnel Dorismé; Joseluis Rodicio; Aida Suarez; Jessica Stuva; Tamara Diaz Vico (Central University Hospital Of Asturias); Laura Fernandez-Vega; Carla Soldevila-Verdeguer; Fatima Sena-Ruiz; Natalia Pujol-Cano; Paula Diaz-Jover; José Maria Garcia-Perez; Juan Jose Segura-Sampedro; Cristina Pineño-Flores; David Ambrona-Zafra; Andrea Craus-Miguel; Patricia Jimenez-Morillas; Angela Mazzella (Hospital Universitario Son Espases); Sri Lanka: A. B Jayathilake; S. P. B Thalgaspitiya; L. S. Wijayarathna; P. M. S. N. Wimalge (University Surgical Unit; Teaching Hospital Anuradhapura). St. Kitts And Nevis: Hakeem Ayomi Sanni; Aliyu Ndajiwo; Ogheneochuko Okenabirhie (Joseph N France Hospital) Sudan: Anmar Homeida; Abobaker Younis; Omer Abdelbagi Omer; Mustafa Abdulaziz; Ali Mussad; Ali Adam (University of Gezira). Sweden: Yucel Cengiz; Ida Björklund; Sandra Ahlqvist; Sandra Ahlqvist (Sundsvall Hospital); Anders Thorell, Fredrik Wogensen (Ersta Hospital); Arestis Sokratous, Michaela Breistrand (Mora Hospital); Hildur Thorarinsdottir (Helsingborgs Lasarett); Johanna Sigurdadottir; Maziar Nikberg; Abbas Chabok (Västmanlands Hospital Västerås); Maria Hjertberg (Department Of Surgery And Department Of Clinical And Experimental Medicine; Linköping University; Norrköping Sweden); Peter Elbe; Deborah Saraste; Wiktor Rutkowski; Louise Forlin (Karolinska Universitetssjukhuset; Solna); Karoliina Niska; Malin Sund (Umea University Hospital) Switzerland: Dennis Oswald; Georgios Peros; Rafael Bluelle; Katharina Reinisch; Daniel Frey; Adrian Palma (Gzo Spital Wetzikon); Dimitri Aristotle Raptis; Lucius Zumbühl; Markus Zuber (Kantonsspital Olten); Roger Schmid, Gabriela Werder (Buergerspital Solothurn); Antonio Nocito; Alexandra Gerosa; Silke Mahanty (Kantonsspital Baden); Lukas Werner Widmer; Julia Müller; Alissa Gübeli (Hospital Davos); Grzegorz Zuk (Gzo Spital Wetzikon). Turkey: Osman Bilgin Gulcicek; Yuksel Altinel; Talar Vartanoglu (Bagcilar Research And Training Hospital); Emin Kose; Servet Rustu Karahan; Mehmet Can Aydin (Okmeydanı Training And Research Hospital); Nuri Alper Sahbaz; Ilkay Halicioglu; Halil Alis (Bakirkoy Dr. Sadi Konuk Training And Research Hospital); Ipek Sapci; Can Adıyaman; Ahmet Murat Pektaş; Turgut Bora Cengiz; Ilkan Tansoker; Vedatcan Işler; Muazzez Cevik; Deniz Mutlu; Volkan Ozben; Berk Baris Ozmen; Sefa Bayram; Sinem Yolcu; Berna Buse Kobal; Ömer Faruk Toto; Haluk Cem Çakaloğlu (Acibadem University School of Medicine; Atakent Hospital); Kagan Karabulut; Vahit Mutlu; Bahar Busra Ozkan (Ondokuz Mayis University Medical Faculty); Saban Celik; Anil Semiz; Selim Bodur; Enisburak Gül; Busra Murutoglu; Reyyan Yildirim; Bahadir Emre Baki; Ekin Arslan; Mehmet Ulusahin; Ali Guner (Karadeniz Technical University Faculty Of Medicine); United Kingdom: Nathan Walker; Nikhita Shrimanker; Simon Cole (Royal United Hospital Bath); Ryan Breslin, Ravi Srinivasan (Blackpool Victoria Hospital); Mohamed Elshaer; Kristina Hunter; Ahmed Al-Bahrani (Watford General Hospital); Ignatius Liew; Nora Grace Mairs; Alistair Rocke; Lachlan Dick; Mobeen Qureshi (Inverclyde Royal Hospital); Debkumar Chowdhury (University Hospital Ayr); Naomi Wright; Clare Skerritt; Dorothy Kufeji (Guy's And St. Thomas' Hospitals); Adrienne Ho; Tharindra Dissanayake; Athula Tennakoon; Wadah Ali (Pilgrim Hospital; United Lincolnshire Hospitals NHS Trust); Shujing Jane Lim; Charlene Tan; Stephen O'Neill; Catrin Jones (Victoria Hospital Kirkcaldy); Stephen Knight; Dima Nassif; Abhishek Sharma (Perth Royal Infirmary); Oliver Warren; Rebecca White; Aia Mehdi; Nathan Post; Eliana Kalakouti; Enkhbat Dashnyam; Frederick Stourton (Chelsea And Westminster Hospital); Ioannis Mykoniatis, Chelise Currow (Northampton General Hospital); Francisca Wong; Ashish Gupta; Veeranna Shatkar (Queen's Hospital; BHR University Hospitals NHS Trust); Joshua Luck; Suraj Kadiwar; Alexander Smedley (North Middlesex University Hospital); Rebecca Wakefield; Philip Herrod; James Blackwell; Jonathan Lund (Royal Derby Hospital); Fraser Cohen; Ashwath Bandi; Stefano Giuliani (St George's Hospital); Giles Bond-Smith; Theodore Pezas; Neda Farhangmehr; Tomas Urbonas; Miklos Perenyei (John Radcliffe Hospital; Oxford); Philip Ireland; Natalie Blencowe; Kirk Bowling; David Bunting (Gloucestershire Royal Hospital); Lydia Longstaff; Kenneth Keogh (Royal Devon &; Exeter Hospital); Hyunjin Jeon; Muhammad Rafaih Iqbal; Shivun Khosla; Anna Jeffery; James Perera (Maidstone &; Tunbridge Wells NHS Trust); Ella Teasdale (Western Isles Hospital); Ahmad Aboelkassem Ibrahem; Tariq Alhammali; Yahya Salama (Kettering General Hospital NHS Trust); Rakan Kabariti, Shaun Oram (Nevill Hall Hospital); Thomas Kidd; Fraser Cullen; Christopher Owen; Michael Wilson; Seehui Chiu; Hannah Sarafilovic (Ninewells Hospital); Jennifer Ploski; Elizabeth Evans; Athar Abbas; Sylvia Kamya; Norzawani Ishak; Carly Bisset; Cedar Andress; Ye Ru Chin (Royal Alexandra Hospital; Paisley); Priya Patel; David Evans (University Hospital; Wales); Anna Jeffery, James Perera (Maistone and Tunbridge Wells NHS Trust); Aidan Haslegrave; Adam Boggon; Kirsten Laurie; Katie Connor; Thomas Mann (Borders General Hospital); Anahita Mansuri; Rachel Davies; Ewen Griffiths (University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Trust); Aized Raza Shahbaz; Calvin Eng; Farhat Din; Ariadne L'Heveder; Esther H. G. Park; Ramanish Ravishankar; Kirsten McIntosh; Jih Dar Yau; Luke Chan; Susan McGarvie (Western General Hospital; Edinburgh); Lingshan Tang; Hui Lim; Suhhuey Yap; Jay Park; Zhan Herr Ng; Shahrukh Mirza; Yun Lin Ang; Luke Walls; Chloe Roy; Simon Paterson-Brown; Julian Camilleri-Brennan; Kenneth Mclean; Michelle S D'Souza; Savva Pronin; David Ewart Henshall; Eunice Zuling Ter (Royal Infirmary Of Edinburgh); Dina Fouad, Ashish Minocha (Norfolk And Norwich University Hospital); William English; Catrin Morgan; Dominic Townsend; Laura Maciejec; Shareef Mahdi; Onyinye Akpenyi; Elisabeth Hall; Hanaan Caydiid; Zakaria Rob; Tom Abbott; Hew D Torrance (The Royal London Hospital); Gareth Irwin, Robin Johnston (Ulster Hospital Dundonald); Mohammed Akil Gani, Gianpiero Gravante (Leicester Royal Infirmary); Shivanchan Rajmohan; Kiran Majid; Shiva Dindyal; Christopher Smith (West Middlesex University Hospital); Madanmohan Palliyil; Sanjay Patel; Luke Nicholson; Neil Harvey; Katie Baillie; Sam Shillito; Suzanne Kershaw; Rebecca Bamford; Peter Orton (Stockport NHS Foundation Trust); Elke Reunis; Robert Tyler; Wai Cheong Soon (Good Hope Hospital); Guled M. Jama; Dharminder Dhillon; Khyati Patel (Walsall Manor Hospital; Walsall); Shayanthan Nanthakumaran; Rachel Heard; Kar Yan Chen (Aberdeen Royal Infirmary); Behrad Barmayehvar; Uttaran Datta; Sivesh K Kamarajah; Sharad Karandikar (Heartlands Hospital); Sobhana Iftekhar Tani (Nottingham University Hospital NHS Trust); Eimear Monaghan; Philippa Donnelly; Michael Walker (Raigmore Hospital); Jehangirshaw Parakh; Sarah Blacker; Anil Kaul (Whiston Hospital); Arjun Paramasivan (Darlington Memorial Hospital); Sameh Farag; Ashrafun Nessa; Salwa Awadallah (Worthing Hospital; Western Sussex Hospital NHS Foundation Trust); Jieqi Lim; James Chean Khun Ng (Queen Elizabeth University Hospital; Glasgow); United States: Katherine Gash; Ravi P. Kiran; Alice Murray (New York Presbyterian Hospital / Columbia University Medical Center); Eric Etchill; Mohini Dasari; Juan Puyana (University Of Pittsburgh Medical Center - Presbyterian); Nadeem Haddad; Martin Zielinski; Asad Choudhry (Mayo Clinic); Celeste Caliman; Mieshia Beamon; Therese Duane (John Peter Smith Hospital); Ragavan Narayanan, Mamta Swaroop (Northwestern Memorial Hospital / Northwestern University); Jonathan Myers; Rebecca Deal; Erik Schadde (Rush University Medical Centre); Mark Hemmila; Lena Napolitano; Kathleen To (University Of Michigan Medical Center) Zambia: Alex Makupe; Joseph Musowoya; Mayaba Maimbo (Ndola Central Hospital); Niels Van Der Naald; Dayson Kumwenda; Alex Reece-Smith; Kars Otten; Anna Verbeek; Marloes Prins (St Francis Mission Hospital) GlobalSurg Collaborative Data Validators: Argentina: Alibeth Andres Baquero Suarez (Simplemente Evita); Ruben Balmaceda (Hospital Lagomaggiore). Barbados: Chelsea Deane (Queen Elizabeth Hospital). Croatia: Emilio Dijan (Zadar General Hospital). Egypt: Mahmoud Elfiky (Kasr Al Ainy Faculty of Medicine; Cairo University). Finland: Laura Koskenvuo (Helsinki University Hospital). France: Aurore Thollot (CHU Poitiers); Bernard Limoges (CHU Limoges); Carmen Capito (Hopital Necker Enfants Malades; Challine Alexandre (Hopital Cochin; Henri Kotobi (Trousseau Hospital; Julien Leroux (CHU Rouen); Kalitha Pinnagoda (CHU Toulouse); Nicolas Henric (CHU Angers); Olivier Azzis (CHU Rennes); Olivier Rosello (CHU Nice); Poddevin Francois (GHICL); Sara Etienne (CHU Saint Etienne); Philippe Buisson (CHU Amiens Picardie); Sophian Hmila (Hopital Robert Ballanger; Ghana: Joe-Nat Clegg-Lamptey (Korle Bu Teaching Hospital); Osman Imoro (Baptist Medical Centre); Owusu Emmanuel Abem (Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital); Paul Wondoh (Upper West Regional Hospital). Greece: Dimitrios Papageorgiou (Naval and Veterans Hospital of Athens); Vasiliki Soulou (Anticancer Hospital of Athens Agios Savvas). Guatemala: Sabrina Asturias (Hospital Herrera Llerandi Amedesgua); Lenin Peña (Hospital General San Juan De Dios). India: Basant Kumar (Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical College Lucknow). Ireland: Donal B O’Connor (Tallaght Hospital; Trinity College Dublin). Italy: Alberto Realis Luc (Santa Rita Clinic; Alfio Alessandro Russo (Treviglio Hospital); Andrea Ruzzenente (Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata di Verona); Antonio Taddei (Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Careggi); Camilla Cona (IOV - Istituto Oncologico Veneto); Corrado Bottini (Sant'Antonio Abate Hospital; Giovanni Pascale (Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Ferrara); Giuseppe Rotunno (Nicola Giannettasio Hospital; Leonardo Solaini (University Of Brescia; Spedali Civili Di Brescia ); Marco Maria Pascale (Fondazione Policlinico Universitario 'Agostino Gemelli' ); Margherita Notarnicola (University Of Bari 'Aldo Moro'); Mario Corbellino (Ospedale Luigi Sacco Milano); Michele Sacco (Federico II University of Naples); Paolo Ubiali (Azienda per L'Assistenza Sanitaria N. 5 'Friuli Occidentale'; Pordenone); Roberto Cautiero (Second University Of Naples); Tommaso Bocchetti (Sant’Andrea Hospital; Elena Muzio (S. Andrea Hospital; Vania Guglielmo (Policlinico Umberto I, Emergency Surgery Department); Eugenio Morandi (Ospedale di Rho – ASST Rhodense); Patrizio Mao (San Luigi Gonzaga Hospital; Orbassano); Emilia De Luca (Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences; Margherita Notarnicola (Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Consorziale Policlinico Di Bari). Jordan: Farah Mahmoud Ali (Jordan University Hospital). Lithuania: Justas Žilinskas (Klaipeda Republic); Kestutis Strupas (Vilnius University Hospital); Paulius Kondrotas (Taurage County Hospital); Robertas Baltrunas (Rokiskis District Municipality Hospital); Juozas Kutkevicius (Department of General Surgery; Lithuanian University of Health Sciences); Povilas Ignatavicius (Hospital of Lithuanian University of Health Sciences Kaunas Clinics). Malaysia: Choy Ling Tan (Hospital Sultanah Aminah); Jia Yng Siaw (Hospital Sibu); Sir Young Yam (Penang Medical College); Ling Wilson (Sarawak General Hospital); Mohamed Rezal Abdul Aziz (University Malaya Medical Centre). Malta: John Bondin (Mater Dei Hospital). Mexico: Carmina Diaz Zorrilla (Hospital Espanol De Veracruz). Morocco: Anass Majbar (Centre Hospitalier Ibn Sina Rabat). Nigeria: Danjuma Sale (Barau Dikko Teaching Hospital); Lawal Abdullahi (Kano Aminu); Olabisi Osagie (University of Abuja Teaching Hospital); Omolara Faboya (Lagos Lasuth); Adedeji Fatuga (Lagos Luth); Agboola Taiwo (Babcock University Teaching Hospital); Emeka Nwabuoku (Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital). Norway: Marte Bliksøen (Oslo University Hospital). Pakistan: Zain Ali Khan (Bahawal Victoria Hospital; Bahawalpur). Paraguay: Jazmin Coronel (Hospital de Clínicas; Universidad Nacional de Asunción) Peru: Cesar Miranda (Hospital Nacional Cayetano Heredia); Idelso Vasquez (Lima Almenara); Luis M. Helguero-Santin (Hospital Regional III Jose Cayetano Heredia – Piura). Rwanda: Jennifer Rickard (Centre Hospitalier Universitaire De Kigali). Romania: Aurel Mironescu (Spitalul Clinic De Copii Brasov). Saint Kitts and Nevis: Adesina Adedeji (Joseph N France Hospital). Saudi Arabia: Saleh Alqahtani (King Fahad General Hospital). South Africa: Max Rath (Groote Schuur Hospital); Michael Van Niekerk (New Somerset Hospital); Modise Zacharia Koto (Dr George Mukhari Academic Hospital); Roel Matos-Puig (Stanger Hospital). Sweden: Leif Israelsson (Sundsvall). Switzerland: Tobias Schuetz (Kantonsspital Olten). Turkey: Mahmut Arif Yuksek (Ondokuz Mayis University); Meric Mericliler (Acibadem University School of Medicine; Mehmet Uluşahin (Karadeniz Technical University Farabi Hospital). United Kingdom: Bernhard Wolf (Raigmore Hospital Inverness); Cameron Fairfield (Royal Infirmary Of Edinburgh); Guo Liang Yong (Perth Royal Infirmary); Katharine Whitehurst (Royal Devon And Exeter); Michael Wilson (Ninewells Hospital And Medical School); Natalie Redgrave (John Radcliffe Hospital; Caroluce K Musyoka (Royal Alexandra Hospital); James Olivier (Royal United Hospital Bath); Kathryn Lee (Queen Elizabeth Birmingham); Michael Cox (Royal Derby Hospital); Muhamed M H Farhan-Alanie (Inverclyde Royal Hospital); Rory Callan (North Middlesex University Hospital) Zambia: Chali Chibuye (Ndola Central Hospital)
Contributors:	Collaborative writing group: Aneel Bhangu, Globalsurg; O Ademuyiwa, Adesoji; Lorena Aguilera, Maria; Alexander, Philip; W Al-Saqqa, Sara; Borda-Luque, Giuliano; Costas-Chavarri, Ainhoa; M Drake, Thoma; Ntirenganya, Faustin; Edward Fitzgerald, J; J Fergusson, Stuart; Glasbey, Jame; Allen Ingabire, J. C.; Ismaïl, Lawani; Khairy Salem, Hosni; Theophilus Teddy Kojo, Anyomih; Carmela Lapitan, Marie; Lilford, Richard; L Mihaljevic, Andre; Morton, Dion; Zeta Mutabazi, Alphonse; Nepogodiev, Dmitri; O Adisa, Adewale; Ots, Riinu; Pata, Francesco; Pinkney, Thoma; Poškus, Toma; Uzair Qureshi, Ahmad; Ramos-De la Medina, Antonio; Rayne, Sarah; A Shaw, Catherine; Shu, Sebastian; Spence, Richard; Smart, Neil; Tabiri, Stephen; M Harrison GlobalSurg Collaborative patient representatives: Azmina Verjee, Ewen; Runigamugabo Protocol development: Chetan Khatri, Emmy; Mohan, Midhun; Jaffry, Zahra; Altamini, Afnan; Kirby, Andrew; Søreide, Kjetil; Recinos, Gustavo; Cornick, Jen; M Harrison, Ewen; Bhangu GlobalSurg Collaborative national leads: Argentina, Aneel; Marta Modolo, Maria; Australia; Iyer, Dushyant; King, Sebastian; Arthur, Tom; Sayeda Nazmum Nahar, Bangladesh; Ade Waterman, Barbado; Lawani Ismaïl, Benin; Michael Walsh, Botswana; Canada; Agarwal, Arnav; Zani, Augusto; Firdouse, Mohammed; Rouse, Tyler; Qinyang Liu, China; Juan Camilo Correa, Colombia; Hosni Khairy Salem, Egypt; Peep Talving, Estonia; Mengistu Worku, Ethiopia; Alexis Arnaud, France; Stephen Tabiri, Ghana; Vassilis Kalles, Greece; Guatemala; India; Kumar, Basant; Kumar, Sunil; Radhian Amandito, Indonesia; Roy Quek, Ireland; Italy; Ansaloni, Luca; Ahmed Altibi, Jordan; Lithuania; Venskutonis, Donata; Zilinskas, Justa; Poskus, Toma; John Whitaker, Madagascar; Vanessa Msosa, Malawi
Publication Year:	2023
Collection:	Università del Salento: CINECA IRIS
Document Type:	article in journal/newspaper
File Description:	STAMPA
Language:	English
Relation:	volume:7; journal:BJA OPEN; https://hdl.handle.net/11587/521007
Availability:	https://hdl.handle.net/11587/521007
Accession Number:	edsbas.1DB9FA99
Database:	BASE