| Title: |
Fault-tolerant transformations of spacetime codes |
| Authors: |
Pesah, Arthur; Daniel, Austin K.; Tzitrin, Ilan; Vasmer, Michael |
| Contributors: |
University College London UCL (UCL); Xanadu; Cryptologie symétrique, cryptologie fondée sur les codes et information quantique (COSMIQ); Centre Inria de Paris; Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria); Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics Waterloo; Institute for Quantum Computing Waterloo (IQC); University of Waterloo Waterloo; This research was supported in part by grant NSF PHY-2309135 to the Kavli Institute for Theoretical Physics (KITP). AP was supported in part by the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EP/S021582/1).; ANR-22-PETQ-0006,NISQ2LSQ,From NISQ to LSQ: Bosonic and LDPC codes(2022) |
| Source: |
https://hal.science/hal-05425964 ; 2026. |
| Publisher Information: |
CCSD |
| Publication Year: |
2026 |
| Subject Terms: |
[PHYS.QPHY]Physics [physics]/Quantum Physics [quant-ph] |
| Description: |
Recent advances in quantum error-correction (QEC) have shown that it is often beneficial to understand fault-tolerance as a dynamical process, a circuit with redundant measurements that help correct errors, rather than as a static code equipped with a syndrome extraction circuit. Spacetime codes have emerged as a natural framework to understand error correction at the circuit level while leveraging the traditional QEC toolbox. Here, we introduce a framework based on chain complexes and chain maps to model spacetime codes and transformations between them. We show that stabilizer codes, quantum circuits, and decoding problems can all be described using chain complexes, and that the equivalence of two spacetime codes can be characterized by specific maps between chain complexes, the fault-tolerant maps, that preserve the number of encoded qubits, fault distance, and minimum-weight decoding problem. As an application of this framework, we extend the foliated cluster state construction from stabilizer codes to any spacetime code, showing that any Clifford circuit can be transformed into a measurement-based protocol with the same fault-tolerant properties. To this protocol, we associate a chain complex which encodes the underlying decoding problem, generalizing previous cluster state complex constructions. Our method enables the construction of cluster states from non-CSS, subsystem, and Floquet codes, as well as from logical Clifford operations on a given code. |
| Document Type: |
report |
| Language: |
English |
| Relation: |
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/arxiv/2509.09603; ARXIV: 2509.09603 |
| Availability: |
https://hal.science/hal-05425964; https://hal.science/hal-05425964v1/document; https://hal.science/hal-05425964v1/file/2509.09603v2.pdf |
| Rights: |
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ ; info:eu-repo/semantics/OpenAccess |
| Accession Number: |
edsbas.1F272FBC |
| Database: |
BASE |