| Title: |
Gaia16apd – a link between fast and slowly declining type I superluminous supernovae |
| Authors: |
Kangas, T; Blagorodnova, N; Mattila, S; Lundqvist, P; Fraser, M; Burgaz, U; Cappellaro, E; Martínez, JM; Elias-Rosa, N; Hardy, LK; Harmanen, J; Hsiao, EY; Isern, J; Kankare, E; Kołaczkowski, Z; Nielsen, MB; Reynolds, TM; Rhodes, L; Somero, A; Stritzinger, MD; Wyrzykowski, Ł |
| Publisher Information: |
Oxford University Press |
| Publication Year: |
2019 |
| Collection: |
Oxford University Research Archive (ORA) |
| Description: |
We present ultraviolet (UV), optical and infrared photometry and optical spectroscopy of the type Ic superluminous supernova (SLSN) Gaia16apd (=SN 2016eay), covering its evolution from 26 d before the g-band peak to 234.1 d after the peak. Gaia16apd was followed as a part of the NOT Unbiased Transient Survey (NUTS). It is one of the closest SLSNe known (z = 0.102 ± 0.001), with detailed optical and UV observations covering the peak. Gaia16apd is a spectroscopically typical type Ic SLSN, exhibiting the characteristic blue early spectra with O II absorption, and reaches a peak Mg = −21.8 ± 0.1 mag. However, photometrically it exhibits an evolution intermediate between the fast and slowly declining type Ic SLSNe, with an early evolution closer to the fast-declining events. Together with LSQ12dlf, another SLSN with similar properties, it demonstrates a possible continuum between fast and slowly declining events. It is unusually UV-bright even for an SLSN, reaching a non-K-corrected Muvm2 −23.3 mag, the only other type Ic SLSN with similar UV brightness being SN 2010gx. Assuming that Gaia16apd was powered by magnetar spin-down, we derive a period of P = 1.9 ± 0.2 ms and a magnetic field of B = 1.9 ± 0.2 × 1014 G for the magnetar. The estimated ejecta mass is between 8 and 16 M, and the kinetic energy between 1.3 and 2.5 × 1052 erg, depending on opacity and assuming that the entire ejecta is swept up into a thin shell. Despite the early photometric differences, the spectra at late times are similar to slowly declining type Ic SLSNe, implying that the two subclasses originate from similar progenitors. |
| Document Type: |
article in journal/newspaper |
| Language: |
English |
| Relation: |
https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stx833 |
| DOI: |
10.1093/mnras/stx833 |
| Availability: |
https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stx833; https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:a1f80e6f-6cd4-4f61-ac04-b2b2ca684a47 |
| Rights: |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
| Accession Number: |
edsbas.295CD7FC |
| Database: |
BASE |