| Title: |
Global, regional, and national burden of suicide, 1990–2021: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021 |
| Authors: |
Davis Weaver, N; Bertolacci, GJ; Rosenblad, E; Ghoba, S; Cunningham, M; Ikuta, KS; Moberg, ME; Mougin, V; Han, C; Wool, EE; Abate, YH; Adewuyi, HO; Adnani, QES; Adzigbli, LA; Afolabi, AA; Agampodi, SB; Ahinkorah, BO; Ahmad, A; Ahmad, D; Ahmad, S; Ahmed, A; Ahmed, H; Al Hamad, H; Al-Ajlouni, Y; Al-amer, RM; Albashtawy, M; Aldhaleei, WA; Ali, SS; Ali, W; Alomari, MA; Alsabri, MA; Alvis-Guzman, N; Al-Worafi, YM; Amindarolzarbi, A; Amiri, S; Andrei, T; Anvari, S; Arabloo, J; Areda, D; Artamonov, AA; Ashraf, T; Athari, SS; Atout, MMDW; Azzam, AY; Badiye, AD; Baghcheghi, N; Bahramian, S; Banach, M; Barker-Collo, SL; Bärnighausen, TW; Barrow, A; Bashiri, A; Bashiru, HA; Bastan, MM; Batra, K; Batra, R; Bayati, M; Benjet, C; Benzian, H; Bertuccio, P; Bhagavathula, AS; Bhattacharjee, P; Bills, CB; Boppana, SH; Borges, G; Borhany, H; Bustanji, Y; Caetano dos Santos, FL; Castelpietra, G; Caye, A; Cenderadewi, M; Chandika, RM; Chandrasekar, EK; Charalampous, P; Chen, Y; Chimoriya, R; Chopra, H; Choudhari, SG; Chu, DT; Chukwu, IS; Chutiyami, M; Cowden, RG; Dachew, BA; Dadras, O; Dai, X; Dalal, K; Dandona, L; Dandona, R; Darcho, SD; Darvishi Cheshmeh Soltani, R; Dávila-Cervantes, CA; de la Torre-Luque, A; Debopadhaya, S; Degenhardt, L; Delgado-Enciso, I; Dervišević, E; Diaz, MJ; Dongarwar, D; Doshi, OP; Dsouza, HL |
| Publisher Information: |
Elsevier |
| Publication Year: |
2025 |
| Collection: |
The University of Melbourne: Digital Repository |
| Description: |
Background: Deaths from suicide are a tragic yet preventable cause of mortality. Quantifying the burden of suicide to understand its geographical distribution, temporal trends, and variation by age and sex is an essential step in suicide prevention. We aimed to present a comprehensive set of global, regional, and national estimates of suicide burden. Methods: We produced estimates of the number of deaths and age-standardised mortality rates of suicide globally, regionally, and for 204 countries and territories from 1990 to 2021, and disaggregated these results by age and sex. The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2021 estimates of deaths attributable to suicide were broken down into two comprehensive categories: those by firearms and those by other specified means. For this analysis, we also produced estimates of mean age at the time of death from suicide, incidence of suicide attempts compared with deaths, and age-standardised rates of suicide by firearm. We acquired data from vital registration, verbal autopsy, and mortality surveillance that included 23 782 study-location-years of data from GBD 2021. Point estimates were calculated from the average of 1000 randomly selected possible values of deaths from suicide by age, sex, and geographical location. 95% uncertainty intervals (UIs) were derived from the 2·5th and 97·5th percentiles from a 1000-draw distribution. Findings: Globally, 746 000 deaths (95% UI 692 000–800 000) from suicide occurred in 2021, including 519 000 deaths (485 000–556 000) among males and 227 000 (200 000–255 000) among females. The age-standardised mortality rate has declined over time, from 14·9 deaths (12·8–15·7) per 100 000 population in 1990 to 9·0 (8·3–9·6) per 100 000 in 2021. Regionally, mortality rates due to suicide were highest in eastern Europe (19·2 [17·5–20·8] per 100 000), southern sub-Saharan Africa (16·1 [14·0–18·3] per 100 000), and central sub-Saharan Africa (14·4 [11·0–19·1] per 100 000). The mean age at which individuals died from ... |
| Document Type: |
article in journal/newspaper |
| Language: |
English |
| ISSN: |
2468-2667 |
| Relation: |
https://hdl.handle.net/11343/355601 |
| Availability: |
https://hdl.handle.net/11343/355601 |
| Rights: |
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 ; CC BY |
| Accession Number: |
edsbas.2988E78A |
| Database: |
BASE |