| Title: |
Everyday norms have become more permissive over time and vary across cultures |
| Authors: |
Eriksson, K; Strimling, P; Vartanova, I; Simpson, B; Persson, M; Abdi, KA; Ad, N; Aldashev, A; Ali, HM; Alì, M; Aliyev, K; Lin, M-J; Medhioub, I; Teixeira, MLM; Merchán Tamayo, JP; Mohammed, LL; Alrefaee, YMHA; Parvez, MS; Soboleva, N; Moore, SN; Moraligil, B; Van Lange, PAM; Muradzada, N; Nanda, H; Nastina, E; Nejat, P; Nettle, D; Nipassa, OJA; Noe-Grijalva, M; Ntampaka, P; Sonessa, DE; Pasin, GL; Ayikwa, CL; Alvarado Ortiz, AE; Ntone, R; Nussinson, R; Oljača, M; Pedović, I; Andersson, PA; Pérez de León, P; Perez Floriano, LR; Choi, H-S; Stanley, SK; Baños-Chaparro, J; Pop-Jordanova, N; Portillo, JR; Potang, A; Quesada-Román, A; Raver, JL; Rodrigues, RB; Rodríguez-Romero, JD; Romanò, S; Andrighetto, G; Ross, RM; Barrera, D; Stoyanova, K; Contreras-Ibáñez, CC; Rosun, N; Sadiković, S; San Martin, A; Arikan, G; Čorkalo, D; Stoyanov, D; Takemura, K; Glöckner, A; Barsyte, J; Thøgersen, J; Tiliouine, H; Tung, H; Ulambayar, T; Uzdavinyte, EM; Waechter, R; Wang, Y-T; Wu, J; Cruz-Torres, CE; Aruta, JJBR; Batkeyev, B; Graf, S; Yambio, BM; Yankson, E; Yeh, K-H; Czakó, A; Grigoryan, A; Batool, A; Berezina, E; Kaminskiene, Z; Bimina, SN; Björnstjerna, M; Blumen, S; Boski, P; Boštjančič, E; Boum, Y; Briguglio, M; Bruno, K; Growiec, K; de Zoysa, P; Kapoor, H; Bui, HTT; Caycho-Rodríguez, T; Chen, Y; Chiweshe, MK; Demetrovics, Z; Dinić, BM; Drače, S; El-Haddad, RW; Lobos Rivera, ME; Haas, BW; Kapović, I; Engelmann, JB; Escudero Pérez, I; Euh, H; Fang, X; Frank, C; Freidin, E; Fulop, M; Gamsakhurdia, V; García Jiménez, MA; Gardarsdottir, RB; Karim, G; Haddock, G; López-López, W; Gavreliuc, A; Gill, CMHD; Gjoneska, B; Hadjisolomou, SP; Maloku, E; Hadžiahmetović, N; Haji Mohammad Ali, MH; Onyedire, NG; Kawakami, K; Hakoköngäs, E; Halama, P; Hapunda, G; Hartanto, A; Hazrati, M; Herbas-Torrico, BC; Holka, S; Hřebíčková, M; Mandal, M; Hunter, JA; Khachatryan, N; Onyishi, IE; Ibikounle, M; Ilisko, D; Lind Hjördísar Jónsdóttir, H; Manhique, BA; Panagiotopoulou, P; Kirschner, JB; Kiruja, J; Smederevac, S; Kiyonari, T; Kohút, M; Kousar, S; Krasniqi, B; Lado, L; Landa-Blanco, M; Landon, B; Lep, Ž; Alvarez, DP; Mbende, NM; Smith, SJ; Leslie, LM; Li, Y; Liik, K |
| Publisher Information: |
Springer Nature |
| Publication Year: |
2025 |
| Collection: |
Brunel University London: Brunel University Research Archive (BURA) |
| Subject Terms: |
human behaviour; sociology |
| Description: |
Data availability: All data and materials generated and/or analyzed in this study, including the raw data underlying the figures and tables, are available at OSF (https://osf.io/sh4rb/, https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/SH4RB). ; Code availability: The R syntax for all analyses are available at OSF (https://osf.io/sh4rb/, https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/SH4RB). ; Every social situation that people encounter in their daily lives comes with a set of unwritten rules about what behavior is considered appropriate or inappropriate. These everyday norms can vary across societies: some societies may have more permissive norms in general or for certain behaviors, or for certain behaviors in specific situations. In a preregistered survey of 25,422 participants across 90 societies, we map societal differences in 150 everyday norms and show that they can be explained by how societies prioritize individualizing moral foundations such as care and liberty versus binding moral foundations such as purity. Specifically, societies with more individualistic morality tend to have more permissive norms in general (greater liberty) and especially for behaviors deemed vulgar (less purity), but they exhibit less permissive norms for behaviors perceived to have negative consequences in specific situations (greater care). By comparing our data with available data collected twenty years ago, we find a global pattern of change toward more permissive norms overall but less permissive norms for the most vulgar and inconsiderate behaviors. This study explains how social norms vary across behaviors, situations, societies, and time. ; Funders that supported this research include the Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation (grant no. 2022.0191; Pontus Strimling), the Higher School of Economics Basic Research Program (Ekaterina Nastina and Natalia Soboleva), NextGenerationEU (contract no. BG-RRP-2.004-0007-С01; Kristina Stoyanova), the John Templeton Foundation (grant no. 62631; Robert M. Ross), the Australian Research Council (grant no. DP180102384; ... |
| Document Type: |
article in journal/newspaper |
| File Description: |
Electronic |
| Language: |
English |
| Relation: |
Communications Psychology; Article number: 145; https://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/32121 |
| DOI: |
10.1038/s44271-025-00324-4 |
| Availability: |
https://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/32121; https://doi.org/10.1038/s44271-025-00324-4 |
| Rights: |
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International ; https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ ; https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode.en ; The Author(s) |
| Accession Number: |
edsbas.2DC78603 |
| Database: |
BASE |