| Title: |
Worldwide trends in body-mass index, underweight, overweight, and obesity from 1975 to 2016: a pooled analysis of 2416 population-based measurement studies in 128.9 million children, adolescents, and adults |
| Authors: |
Ezzati, Majid; Bentham, James; Di Cesare, Mariachiara; Bilano, Ver; Bixby, Honor; Zhou, Bin; Stevens, Gretchen A; Riley, Leanne M; Taddei, Cristina; Hajifathalian, Kaveh; Lu, Yuan; Savin, Stefan; Cowan, Melanie J; Paciore, Christopher J; Chirita-Emandi, Adela; Hayes, Alison J; Katz, Joanne; Kelishadi, Roya; Kengne, Andre Pascal; Khang, Young-Ho; Laxmaiah, Avula; Li, Yanping; Ma, Jun; Miranda, J Jaime; Mostafa, Aya; Neovius, Martin; Padez, Cristina; Rampal, Lekhraj; Zhu, Aubrianna; Bennet, James E; Danaei, Goodarz; Bhutta, Zulfiqar A; Abarca-Gomez, Leandra; Abdeen, Ziad A; Hamid, Zargar Abdul; Abu-Rmeileh, Niveen M; Acosta-Cazares, Benjamin; Acuin, Cecilia; Adams, Robert J; Aekplakorn, Wichai; Afsana, Kaosar; Aguilar-Salinas, Carlos A; Agyemng, Charles; Ahmadvand, Alireza; Ahrens, Wolfgang; Ajlouni, Kamel; Akhtaeva, Nazgul; Al-Hazzaa, Hazzaa M; Al-Othman, Amani Rashed; Al-Raddadi, Rajaa; AlBuhairan, Fadia; AlDhukai, Shahla; Ali, Mohamed M; Ali, Osman; Alkerwi, Ala'a; Alvarez-Pedrerol, Mar; Aly, Eman; Amarapurkar, Deepak N; Amouyel, Philippe; Amuzu, Antoinette; Andersen, Lars Bo; Anderssen, Sigmund A; Andrade, Dolores S; Angquist, Lars H; Anjana, Ranjit Mohan; Aounallah-Skhiri, Hajer; Araujo, Joana; Arianse, Inger; Aris, Tahir; Arlappa, Nimmathota; Arveiler, Dominique; Aryal, Krishna K; Aspelund, Thor; Assah, Felix K; Assuncao, Maria Cecilia F; Aung, May Soe; Avdicova, Maria; Azevedo, Ana; Azizi, Fereidoun; Babu, Bontha V; Bahijri, Suhad; Baker, Jennifer L; Balakrishna, Nagalla; Bamoshmoosh, Mohamed; Banach, Maciej; Bandosz, Piotr; Banegas, Jose R; Barbagallo, Carlo M; Barcelo, Alberto; Barkat, Amina; Barros, Aluisio JD; Barros, Mauro VG; Bata, Iqbal; Batieha, Anwar M; Batista, Rosangela L; Batyrbek, Assembekov; Baur, Louise A; Beaglehole, Robert; Ben Romdhane, Habiba; Benedics, Judith; Benet, Mikhail; Bernabe, Antonio; Bernotiene, Gailute; Bettiol, Heloisa; Bhagyalaxmi, Aroor; Bharadwaj, Sumit; Bhargava, Santosh K; Bhatti, Zaid; Bi, Hongsheng; Bi, Yufang; Biehl, Anna; Bikbov, Mukharram; Bista, Bihungum; Bjelica, Dusko J; Bjerregaard, Peter; Bjertnes, Espen; Bjness, Marius B; Bjorkelund, Cecilia; Blokstra, Anneke; Bo, Simona; Bobak, Martin; Boddy, Lynne M; Boehm, Bernhard O; Boeing, Heiner; Boggia, Jose G; Boissonnet, Carlos P; Bonaccio, Marialaura; Bongard, Vanina; Bovet, Pascal; Braeckevelt, Lien; Braeckman, Lutgart; Bragt, Marjolijn CE; Brajkovich, Imperia; Branca, Francesco; Breckenkamp, Juergen; Breda, Joao; Brenner, Hermann; Brewster, Lizzy M; Brian, Garry R; Brinduse, Lacramioara; Bruno, Graziella; Bueno-de-Mesquita, HB; Bugge, Anna; Buoncristiano, Marta; Burazeri, Genc; Burns, Con; Cabrera de Leon, Antonio; Cacciottolo, Joseph; Cai, Hui; Cama, Tilema; Cameron, Christine; Camola, Jose; Can, Gunay; Candido, Ana PCC; Capanzana, Mario; Capuano, Vincenzo; Cardoso, Viviane C; Carlsson, Axel C; Carvalho, Maria J; Casanueva, Felipe F; Casas, Juan Pablo; Caserta, Carmelo A; Chamukuttan, Snehalatha; Chan, Angelique W; Chan, Queenie; Chaturvedi, Himanshu K; Chaturvedi, Nishi; Chen, Chien-Jen; Chen, Fangfang; Chen, Huashuai; Chen, Shuohua; Chen, Zhengming; Cheng, Ching-Yu; Chetrit, Angela; Chikova-Iscener, Ekaterina; Chiolero, Arnaud; Chiou, Shu-Ti; Chirlaque, Maria-Dolores; Cho, Belong; Cho, Yumi; Christensen, Kaare; Christofaro, Diego G; Chudek, Jerzy; Cifkova, Renata; Cinteza, Eliza; Claessens, Frank; Clays, Els; Concin, Hans; Confortin, Susana C; Cooper, Cyrus; Cooper, Rachel; Coppinger, Tara C; Costanzo, Simona; Cottel, Dominique; Cowell, Chris; Craig, Cora L; Crujeiras, Ana B; Cucu, Alexandra; D'Arrigo, Graziella; d'Orsi, Eleonora; Dallongeville, Jean; Damasceno, Albertino; Damsgaard, Camilla T; Danae, Goodarz; Dankner, Rachel; Dantoft, Thomas M; Dastgiri, Saeed; Dauchet, Luc; Davletov, Kairat; De Backer, Guy; De Bacquer, Dirk; De Curtis, Amalia; de Gaetano, Giovanni; De Henauw, Stefaan; de Oliveira, Paula Duarte; De Ridder, Karin; De Smedt, Delphine; Deepa, Mohan; Deev, Alexander D; Dehghan, Abbas; Delisle, Helene; Delpeuch, Francis; Deschamps, Valerie; Dhana, Klodian; Di Castelnuovo, Augusto F; Dias-da-Costa, Juvenal Soares; Diaz, Alejandro; Dika, Zivka; Djalalinia, Shirin; Do, Ha TP; Dobson, Annette J; Donati, Maria Benedetta; Donfrancesco, Chiara; Donoso, Silvana P; Doering, Angela; Dorobantu, Maria; Dorosty, Ahmad Reza; Doua, Kouamelan; Drygas, Wojciech; Duan, Jia Li; Duante, Charmaine; Duleva, Vesselka; Dulskiene, Virginija; Dzerve, Vilnis; Dziankowska-Zaborszczyk, Elzbieta; Egbagbe, Eruke E; Eggertsen, Robert; Eiben, Gabriele; Ekelund, Ulf; El Ati, Jalila; Elliott, Paul; Engle-Stone, Reina; Erasmus, Rajiv T; Erem, Cihangir; Eriksen, Louise; Eriksson, Johan G; Escobedo, Jorge; Evans, Alun; Faeh, David; Fall, Caroline H; Sant'Angelo, Victoria Farrugia; Farzadfar, Farshad; Felix-Redondo, Francisco J; Ferguson, Trevor S; Fernandes, Romulo A; Fernandez-Berges, Daniel; Ferrante, Daniel; Ferrari, Marika; Ferreccio, Catterina; Ferrieres, Jean; Finn, Joseph D; Fischer, Krista; Monterubio Flores, Eric; Foeger, Bernhard; Foo, Leng Huat; Forslund, Ann-Sofie; Forsner, Maria; Fouad, Heba M; Francis, Damian K; Franco, Maria do Carmo; Franco, Oscar H; Frontera, Guillermo; Fuchs, Flavio D; Fuch, Sandra C; Fujita, Yuki; Furusawa, Takuro; Gaciong, Zbigniew; Gafencu, Mihai; Galeone, Daniela; Galvano, Fabio; Garcia-de-la-Hera, Manoli; Gareta, Dickman; Garnett, Sarah P; Gaspoz, Jean-Michel; Gasull, Magda; Gates, Louise; Geiger, Harald; Geleijnse, Johanna M; Ghasemian, Anoosheh; Giampaoli, Simona; Gianfagna, Francesco; Gill, Tiffany K; Giovannelli, Jonathan; Giwerman, Aleksander; Godos, Justyna; Gogen, Sibel; Goldsmith, Rebecca A; Goltzman, David; Goncalves, Helen; Gonzalez-Leon, Margot; Gonzalez-Rivas, Juan P; Gonzalez-Gross, Marcela; Gottrand, Frederic; Graca, Antonio Pedro; Graff-Iversen, Sidsel; Grafnetter, Dusan; Grajda, Aneta; Grammatikopoulou, Maria G; Gregor, Ronald D; Grodzicki, Tomasz; Grontved, Anders; Grosso, Giuseppe; Gruden, Gabriella; Grujic, Vera; Gu, Dongfeng; Gualdi-Russo, Emanuela; Guallar-Castillon, Pilar; Guan, Ong Peng; Gudmundsson, Elias F; Gudnason, Vilmundur; Guerrero, Ramiro; Guessous, Idris; Guimaraes, Andre L; Gulliford, Martin C; Gunnlaugsdottir, Johanna; Gunter, Marc; Guo, Xiuhua; Guo, Yin; Gupta, Prakash C; Gupta, Rajeev; Gureje, Oye; Gurzkowska, Beata; Gutierrez, Laura; Gutzwiller, Felix; Hadaegh, Farzad; Hadjigeorgiou, Charalambos A; Si-Ramlee, Khairil; Halkjaer, Jytte; Hambleton, Ian R; Hardy, Rebecca; Kumar, Rachakulla Hari; Hassapidou, Maria; Hata, Jun; He, Jiang; Heidinger-Felso, Regina; Heinen, Mirjam; Hendriks, Marleen Elisabeth; Henriques, Ana; Cadena, Leticia Hernandez; Herrala, Sauli; Herrera, Victor M; Herter-Aeberli, Isabelle; Heshmat, Ramin; Hihtaniemi, Ilpo Tapani; Ho, Sai Yin; Ho, Suzanne C; Hobbs, Michael; Hofman, Albert; Hopman, Wilma M; Horimoto, Andrea RVR; Hormiga, Claudia M; Horta, Bernardo L; Houti, Leila; Howitt, Christina; Htay, Thein Thein; Htet, Aung Soe; Htike, Maung Maung Than; Hu, Yonghua; Huerta, Jose Maria; Petrescu, Constanta Huidumac; Huisman, Martijn; Husseini, Abdullatif; Chinh, Nguyen Huu; Huybrechts, Inge; Hwalla, Nahla; Hyska, Jolanda; Iacoviello, Licia; Iannone, Anna G; Ibarluzea, Jesus M; Ibrahim, Mohsen M; Ikeda, Nayu; Ikram, M Arfan; Irazola, Vilma E; Islam, Muhammad; Ismail, Aziz al-Safi; Ivkovic, Vanja; Iwasaki, Masanori; Jackson, Rod T; Jacobs, Jeremy M; Jaddou, Hashem; Jafar, Tazeen; Jamil, Kazi M; Jamrozik, Konrad; Janszky, Imre; Jarani, Juel; Jasienska, Grazyna; Jelakovic, Ana; Jelakovic, Bojan; Jennings, Garry; Jeong, Seung-Lyeal; Jiang, Chao Qiang; Magaly Jimenez-Acosta, Santa; Joffres, Michel; Johansson, Mattias; Jonas, Jost B; Jorgensen, Torben; Joshi, Pradeep; Jovic, Dragana P; Jozwiak, Jacek; Juolevi, Anne; Jurak, Gregor; Juresa, Vesna; Kaaks, Rudolf; Kafatos, Anthony; Kajantie, Eero O; Kalter-Leibovici, Ofra; Kamaruddin, Nor Azmi; Kapantais, Efthymios; Karki, Khem B; Kasaeian, Amir; Kauhanen, Jussi; Kaur, Prabhdeep; Kavousi, Maryam; Kazakbaeva, Gyulli; Keil, Ulrich; Boker, Lital Keinan; Keinanen-Kiukaanniemi, Sirkka; Kelleher, Cecily; Kemper, Han CG; Kengne, Andre P; Kerimkulova, Alina; Kersting, Mathilde; Key, Timothy; Khader, Ousef Saleh; Khalili, Davood; Khateeb, Mohammad; Khaw, Kay-Tee; Khouw, Ilse MSL; Kiechl-Kohlendorfer, Ursula; Kiech, Stefan; Killewo, Japhet; Kim, Jeongseon; Kim, Yeon-Yong; Klimont, Jeannette; Klumbiene, Jurate; Knoflach, Michael; Koirala, Bhawesh; Kolle, Elin; Kolsteren, Patrick; Korrovits, Paul; Kos, Jelena; Koskinen, Seppo; Kouda, Katsuyasu; Kovacs, Viktoria A; Kowlessur, Sudhir; Koziel, Slawomir; Kratzer, Wolfgang; Kriemler, Susi; Kristensen, Peter Lund; Krokstad, Steinar; Kromhout, Daan; Kruger, Herculina S; Kubinova, Ruzena; Kuciene, Renata; Kuh, Diana; Kujala, Urho M; Kulaga, Zbigniew; Kumar, R Krishna; Kunesova, Marie; Kurjata, Pawel; Kusuma, Yadlapalli S; Kuulasmaa, Kari; Kyobutungi, Catherine; Quang, Ngoc La; Laamiri, Fatima Zahra; Laatikainen, Tina; Lachat, Carl; Laid, Youcef; Lam, Tai Hing; Landrove, Orlando; Lanska, Vera; Lappas, Georg; Larijani, Bagher |
| Publisher Information: |
Elsevier BV |
| Publication Year: |
2017 |
| Subject Terms: |
envir; socio |
| Description: |
Background Underweight, overweight, and obesity in childhood and adolescence are associated with adverse health consequences throughout the life-course. Our aim was to estimate worldwide trends in mean body-mass index (BMI) and a comprehensive set of BMI categories that cover underweight to obesity in children and adolescents, and to compare trends with those of adults. Methods We pooled 2416 population-based studies with measurements of height and weight on 128·9 million participants aged 5 years and older, including 31·5 million aged 5-19 years. We used a Bayesian hierarchical model to estimate trends from 1975 to 2016 in 200 countries for mean BMI and for prevalence of BMI in the following categories for children and adolescents aged 5-19 years: more than 2 SD below the median of the WHO growth reference for children and adolescents (referred to as moderate and severe underweight hereafter), 2 SD to more than 1 SD below the median (mild underweight), 1 SD below the median to 1 SD above the median (healthy weight), more than 1 SD to 2 SD above the median (overweight but not obese), and more than 2 SD above the median (obesity). Findings Regional change in age-standardised mean BMI in girls from 1975 to 2016 ranged from virtually no change (-0·01 kg/m 2 per decade; 95% credible interval -0·42 to 0·39, posterior probability [PP] of the observed decrease being a true decrease=0·5098) in eastern Europe to an increase of 1·00 kg/m 2 per decade (0·69-1·35, PP>0·9999) in central Latin America and an increase of 0·95 kg/m 2 per decade (0·64-1·25, PP>0·9999) in Polynesia and Micronesia. The range for boys was from a non-significant increase of 0·09 kg/m 2 per decade (-0·33 to 0·49, PP=0·6926) in eastern Europe to an increase of 0·77 kg/m 2 per decade (0·50-1·06, PP>0·9999) in Polynesia and Micronesia. Trends in mean BMI have recently flattened in northwestern Europe and the high-income English-speaking and Asia-Pacific regions for both sexes, southwestern Europe for boys, and central and Andean Latin America . |
| Document Type: |
article in journal/newspaper |
| Language: |
English |
| Relation: |
http://livrepository.liverpool.ac.uk/3034487/ |
| Availability: |
http://livrepository.liverpool.ac.uk/3034487/ |
| Rights: |
undefined |
| Accession Number: |
edsbas.38B6493 |
| Database: |
BASE |