| Title: |
Renewable energy production across U.S. states: Convergence or divergence? |
| Authors: |
Payne, J.E.; Saunoris, J.W.; Smyth, R.; Nazlioglu, S. |
| Publisher Information: |
Elsevier B.V. |
| Publication Year: |
2024 |
| Collection: |
Pamukkale University Repository / Pamukkale Üniversitesi Açık Erişim Arşivi |
| Subject Terms: |
Club convergence; Logit analysis; Policy considerations; Renewable energy production; U.S. states; Weak σ-convergence; United States; Energy productions; Energy-consumption; Logit analyze; Per capita; Policy consideration; Renewable energies; US state; alternative energy; biomass power; carbon dioxide; carbon emission; convergence; emissions trading; energy use; geothermal energy; hydroelectric power; solar power; wind power; Clean energy |
| Description: |
This study explores the degree to which per capita aggregate renewable energy production is converging across U.S. states. Specifically, we examine both relative (club) convergence and weak σ-convergence. The results reject overall convergence in per capita aggregate renewable energy production for the panel of U.S. states, but identifies two convergence clubs. The results also suggest that there is considerable heterogeneity in the number of convergence clubs for the different subcomponents of per capita renewable energy production and consumption (biomass, geothermal, hydropower, solar and wind). We examine the factors which are associated with the emergence of the convergence clubs at the aggregate level. In the case of per capita aggregate renewable energy production, the average marginal effects from the logit analysis indicate that neighboring states with renewable portfolio standards, mandatory green power options, maximum effective retail rate increase, and per capita CO2 emissions are associated with a higher likelihood of being in the convergence club with higher per capita renewable energy production. However, interconnection standards, having a public benefit fund, renewable energy certificates trading, compliance penalities, and per capita fossil fuel production are correlated with a lower likelihood of being in the convergence club with higher per capita renewable energy production. We also consider the factors correlated with convergence for the subcomponents of per capita renewable energy production and consumption, with the results suggesting considerable heterogeneity of the various factors at the subcomponent level. © 2024 The Authors |
| Document Type: |
article in journal/newspaper |
| Language: |
English |
| Relation: |
Energy Economics; Makale - Uluslararası Hakemli Dergi - Kurum Öğretim Elemanı; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eneco.2024.108015; https://hdl.handle.net/11499/58257; 140; WOS:001352921400001 |
| DOI: |
10.1016/j.eneco.2024.108015 |
| Availability: |
https://hdl.handle.net/11499/58257; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eneco.2024.108015 |
| Rights: |
open |
| Accession Number: |
edsbas.3BC95237 |
| Database: |
BASE |