| Contributors: |
Mataix-Cols, D; Fernández de la Cruz, L; Monzani, B; Rosenfield, D; Andersson, E; Pérez-Vigil, A; Frumento, P; de Kleine, Ra; Difede, J; Dunlop, Bw; Farrell, Lj; Geller, D; Gerardi, M; Guastella, Aj; Hofmann, Sg; Hendriks, Gj; Kushner, Mg; Lee, F; Lenze, Ej; Levinson, Ca; Mcconnell, H; Otto, Mw; Plag, J; Pollack, Mh; Ressler, Kj; Rodebaugh, Tl; Rothbaum, Bo; Scheeringa, M; Siewert-Siegmund, A; Smits, Jaj; Storch, Ea; Ströhle, A; Tart, Cd; Tolin, Df; van Minnen, A; Waters, Am; Weems, Cf; Wilhelm, S; Wyka, K; Davis, M; Rück, C; and the DCS Anxiety, Consortium; Altemus, M; Anderson, P; Cukor, J; Finck, C; Geffken, Gr; Golfels, F; Goodman, Wk; Gutner, C; Heyman, I; Jovanovic, T; Lewin, Ab; Mcnamara, Jp; Murphy, Tk; Norrholm, S; Thuras, P. |
| Description: |
Importance: Whether and under which conditions D-cycloserine (DCS) augments the effects of exposure-based cognitive behavior therapy for anxiety, obsessive-compulsive, and posttraumatic stress disorders is unclear. Objective: To clarify whether DCS is superior to placebo in augmenting the effects of cognitive behavior therapy for anxiety, obsessive-compulsive, and posttraumatic stress disorders and to evaluate whether antidepressants interact with DCS and the effect of potential moderating variables. Data sources: PubMed, EMBASE, and PsycINFO were searched from inception to February 10, 2016. Reference lists of previous reviews and meta-analyses and reports of randomized clinical trials were also checked. Study selection: Studies were eligible for inclusion if they were (1) double-blind randomized clinical trials of DCS as an augmentation strategy for exposure-based cognitive behavior therapy and (2) conducted in humans diagnosed as having specific phobia, social anxiety disorder, panic disorder with or without agoraphobia, obsessive-compulsive disorder, or posttraumatic stress disorder. Data extraction and synthesis: Raw data were obtained from the authors and quality controlled. Data were ranked to ensure a consistent metric across studies (score range, 0-100). We used a 3-level multilevel model nesting repeated measures of outcomes within participants, who were nested within studies. Results: [.] |