The NANOGrav 15 yr Data Set: Bayesian Limits on Gravitational Waves from Individual Supermassive Black Hole Binaries
| Title: | The NANOGrav 15 yr Data Set: Bayesian Limits on Gravitational Waves from Individual Supermassive Black Hole Binaries |
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| Authors: | Agazie G; Anumarlapudi A; Archibald AM; Arzoumanian Z; Baker PT; Becsy B; Blecha L; Brazier A; Brook PR; Burke-Spolaor S; Case R; Casey-Clyde JA; Charisi M; Chatterjee S; Cohen T; Cordes JM; Cornish NJ; Crawford F; Cromartie HT; Crowter K; DeCesar ME; Demorest PB; Digman MC; Dolch T; Drachler B; Ferrara EC; Fiore W; Fonseca E; Freedman GE; Garver-Daniels N; Gentile PA; Glaser J; Good DC; Gultekin K; Hazboun JS; Hourihane S; Jennings RJ; Johnson AD; Jones ML; Kaiser AR; Kaplan DL; Kelley LZ; Kerr M; Key JS; Laal N; Lam MT; Lamb WG; W Lazio TJ; Lewandowska N; Liu T; Lorimer DR; Luo J; Lynch RS; Ma C-P; Madison DR; McEwen A; McKee JW; McLaughlin MA; McMann N; Meyers BW; Meyers PM; Mingarelli CMF; Mitridate A; Ng C; Nice DJ; Ocker SK; Olum KD; Pennucci TT; Perera BBP; Petrov P; Pol NS; Radovan HA; Ransom SM; Ray PS; Romano JD; Sardesai SC; Schmiedekamp A; Schmiedekamp C; Schmitz K; Shapiro-Albert BJ; Siemens X; Simon J; Siwek MS; Stairs IH; Stinebring DR; Stovall K; Susobhanan A; Swiggum JK; Taylor J; Taylor SR; Turner JE; Unal C; Vallisneri M; van Haasteren R; Vigeland SJ; Wahl HM; Witt CA; Young O |
| Source: | Astrophysical Journal Letters, 1 July 2023 |
| Publisher Information: | American Astronomical Society |
| Publication Year: | 2023 |
| Collection: | Newcastle University Library ePrints Service |
| Description: | © 2023. The Author(s). Published by the American Astronomical Society.Evidence for a low-frequency stochastic gravitational-wave background has recently been reported based on analyses of pulsar timing array data. The most likely source of such a background is a population of supermassive black hole binaries, the loudest of which may be individually detected in these data sets. Here we present the search for individual supermassive black hole binaries in the NANOGrav 15 yr data set. We introduce several new techniques, which enhance the efficiency and modeling accuracy of the analysis. The search uncovered weak evidence for two candidate signals, one with a gravitational-wave frequency of ∼4 nHz, and another at ∼170 nHz. The significance of the low-frequency candidate was greatly diminished when Hellings-Downs correlations were included in the background model. The high-frequency candidate was discounted due to the lack of a plausible host galaxy, the unlikely astrophysical prior odds of finding such a source, and since most of its support comes from a single pulsar with a commensurate binary period. Finding no compelling evidence for signals from individual binary systems, we place upper limits on the strain amplitude of gravitational waves emitted by such systems. At our most sensitive frequency of 6 nHz, we place a sky-averaged 95% upper limit of 8 × 10−15 on the strain amplitude. We also calculate an exclusion volume and a corresponding effective radius, within which we can rule out the presence of black hole binaries emitting at a given frequency. |
| Document Type: | article in journal/newspaper |
| File Description: | application/pdf |
| Language: | unknown |
| Relation: | https://eprints.ncl.ac.uk/292581; https://eprints.ncl.ac.uk/fulltext.aspx?url=292581/9858E20D-C7DD-48B6-83F2-0CF19D6F82D7.pdf&pub_id=292581 |
| Availability: | https://eprints.ncl.ac.uk/292581 |
| Rights: | https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |
| Accession Number: | edsbas.47763CEA |
| Database: | BASE |