| Title: |
Genomic Epidemiology of West Nile Virus in Paris |
| Authors: |
Klitting, Raphaelle; Gondard, Mathilde; Pezzi, Laura; Migné, Camille Victoire; Bellone, Rachel; L'Ambert, Grégory; Helle, Teheipuaura; Mignotte, Antoine; Gutiérrez-Climente, Raquel; Lacour, Guillaume; Mocq, Julien; Ayhan, Nazli; Lucchese, Federico; Piorkowski, Géraldine; Dumarest, Marine; Amaral, Rayane; Bollore, Karine; Hanin, Jeanne; Courot, Olivier; Hirchaud, Edouard; Beven, Véronique; Blanchard, Yannick; Karch, Anais; Jakerian, Georges; Durand, Guillaume André; Grard, Gilda; Herbreteau, Nicolas; Duvignaud, Alexandre; Gutierrez, Serafin; Aubert, Lydéric; Cannet, Arnaud; Parisey, Marion; Simonin, Yannick; Malvy, Denis; Paty, Marie-Claire; Fournet, Nelly; Franke, Florian; Laperche, Syria; Gallian, Pierre; Failloux, Anna-Bella; de Lamballerie, Xavier; Fontaine, Albin; Gonzalez, Gaëlle |
| Contributors: |
Centre National de Référence des Arbovirus Marseille (CNR Arbovirus - laboratoire associé); Unité de Virologie Marseille; Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées Antenne Marseille (IRBA)-Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées Antenne Marseille (IRBA); Unité des Virus Emergents (UVE); Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM); Virologie UMR1161 (VIRO); École nationale vétérinaire d'Alfort (ENVA)-Laboratoire de santé animale (LSAn); Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travail (ANSES)-Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travail (ANSES)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE); Arbovirus et Insectes Vecteurs - Arboviruses and Insect Vectors; Institut Pasteur Paris (IP)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité); Direction Générale de la Santé Paris (DGS); Ministère des Solidarités et de la Santé Paris, France; Animal, Santé, Territoires, Risques et Ecosystèmes (ASTRE); Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université de Montpellier (UM); Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron Pôle Chimie Balard (IBMM); Institut de Chimie - CNRS Chimie (INC-CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier (ENSCM); Université de Montpellier (UM); Entente Interdépartementale pour la démoustication du littoral méditerranéen (EID); Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic and Emerging Infections (PCCEI); Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université des Antilles (UA)-Établissement Français du Sang Montpellier (EFS - Montpellier); Établissement Français du Sang La Plaine Saint-Denis (EFS)-Établissement Français du Sang La Plaine Saint-Denis (EFS)-Université de Montpellier (UM); Ingenierie et analyse en génétique environnementale (IAGE); Laboratoire de Ploufragan-Plouzané-Niort ANSES; Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travail (ANSES); Agence Régionale de Démoustication Rosny-sous-Bois, France (ARD); Agence Régionale de Santé Ile-de-France Paris (ARS IDF); Bordeaux population health (BPH); Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut de Santé Publique, d'Épidémiologie et de Développement (ISPED)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM); Global Health in the Global South (GHiGS); Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Bordeaux population health (BPH); Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut de Santé Publique, d'Épidémiologie et de Développement (ISPED)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut de Santé Publique, d'Épidémiologie et de Développement (ISPED)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM); Service des Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales A Bordeaux; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Bordeaux (CHU Bordeaux)-Groupe hospitalier Pellegrin; Laboratoire de Virologie CHRU Montpellier; Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire Montpellier (CHRU Montpellier); Direction Générale de la Santé (DGS); Ministère de la santé; Hôpital Delafontaine; Centre Hospitalier de Saint-Denis Ile-de-France; Santé publique France - French National Public Health Agency Saint-Maurice, France; Établissement Français du Sang La Plaine Saint-Denis (EFS); Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées Antenne Marseille (IRBA); This work was supported by the ARBOGEN project, funded by the MSDAVENIR Foundation. Émergence de Maladies vectorielles liées au moustique tigre (EMa-Tigre) project is funded by Fondation Crédit Mutuel Alliance Fédérale. The activity of the National Reference Centers is supported by the National Public Health Agency (Santé Publique France). The activity of the Unité des Virus Émergents is supported by its supervising institutional bodies (Aix-Marseille Université, Università di Corsica, Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale, Institut de recherche pour le développement, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées). In Occitanie, part of this research was conducted in the MISARBO project, supported by i-Démo funding from the Occitania Region, the European Union, the France 2030 program, and Bpifrance. The National Reference Laboratory for West Nile Virus operates with support from the French Directorate General for Food. In the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region, this research was partially funded through emergency grants provided by ANRS-MIE, the research program PSGAR-MIE ‘EMERG’ grant provided by the Nouvelle-Aquitaine Regional Council, France and the LabEx IBEID initiative. The EMa-Tigre project was funded by the Fondation Crédit Mutuel Alliance Fédérale and coordinated by the Arbovirus et Insectes Vecteurs team at the Institut Pasteur, Paris.Role of the Funder/Sponsor: The funders had no role in the design and conduct of the study; collection, management, analysis, and interpretation of the data; preparation, review, or approval of the manuscript; and decision to submit the manuscript for publication.; ANR-10-LABX-0062,IBEID,Integrative Biology of Emerging Infectious Diseases(2010) |
| Source: |
EISSN: 2574-3805 ; JAMA Network Open ; https://u-bordeaux.hal.science/hal-05521104 ; JAMA Network Open, 2026, 9 (2), pp.e2559588. ⟨10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2025.59588⟩ |
| Publisher Information: |
CCSD; American Medical Association |
| Publication Year: |
2026 |
| Collection: |
Inserm: HAL (Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale) |
| Subject Terms: |
MESH: West Nile virus; MESH: Humans; MESH: Bayes Theorem; MESH: Mosquito-Borne Diseases; MESH: Horses; MESH: Culicidae; MESH: Mosquito Vectors; MESH: Genomics; MESH: Animals; MESH: West Nile Fever; MESH: Paris; MESH: Phylogeny; MESH: Genome; Viral; [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie |
| Description: |
International audience ; IMPORTANCE West Nile virus (WNV), a mosquito-borne orthoflavivirus, represents an increasing public health threat in Europe. In July 2025, WNV lineage 2 (WNV-L2) was associated with the first autochthonous cases ever detected in the metropolitan area around Paris, France; understanding the dispersal dynamics and geographic origin of these emergence events is critical for public health preparedness. OBJECTIVES To characterize the spatial and temporal dynamics of WNV circulation in France from 2022 to 2025 and to determine the origin of the virus lineages responsible for the 2025 emergence in the Paris metropolitan area. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS This study was a genomic epidemiology assessment combining human, veterinary, and entomological monitoring, with viral genome sequencing and time-resolved, bayesian phylogenetic analysis. Surveillance was conducted across metropolitan France, with a focus on areas with documented WNV circulation (Eastern and Western Mediterranean, South Atlantic, and Paris). Surveillance included patients with confirmed WNV infection, avian and equine cases, and mosquito collections. EXPOSURES Natural exposure to WNV through mosquito vectors in affected areas. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Phylogenetic relationships between emergence events across regions in France were inferred using a bayesian approach. RESULTS Genomic data from this epidemiological assessment encompassed 52 WNV-positive samples (6 human, 21 veterinary, and 25 entomological samples). WNV-L2 was the only lineage detected in France between 2022 and 2025. In 2024, Western Mediterranean strains were closely related to those from 2023 from the French South Atlantic area, suggesting west-to-south introduction, whereas Eastern Mediterranean strains represented genetically distinct clades associated with Northern Italy. The phylogenetic analysis of 2025 WNV sequences from the Paris area revealed that the outbreak virus strains all grouped together and originated from the L2 clade of sequences from ... |
| Document Type: |
article in journal/newspaper |
| Language: |
English |
| Relation: |
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pmid/41697700; PUBMED: 41697700; PUBMEDCENTRAL: PMC12910402; WOS: 001696363900004 |
| DOI: |
10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2025.59588 |
| Availability: |
https://u-bordeaux.hal.science/hal-05521104; https://u-bordeaux.hal.science/hal-05521104v1/document; https://u-bordeaux.hal.science/hal-05521104v1/file/klitting_2026_oi_251581_1770672108.51961.pdf; https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2025.59588 |
| Rights: |
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ ; info:eu-repo/semantics/OpenAccess |
| Accession Number: |
edsbas.499B58AD |
| Database: |
BASE |