| Title: |
Longitudinal SARS-CoV-2 mRNA Vaccine-Induced Humoral Immune Responses in Patients with Cancer |
| Authors: |
Figueiredo, Jane C; Merin, Noah M; Hamid, Omid; Choi, So Yung; Lemos, Tucker; Cozen, Wendy; Nguyen, Nathalie; Finster, Laurel J; Foley, Joslyn; Darrah, Justin; Gong, Jun; Paquette, Ronald; Mita, Alain C; Vescio, Robert; Mehmi, Inderjit; Basho, Reva; Tourtellotte, Warren G; Huynh, Carissa A; Melmed, Gil Y; Braun, Jonathan; McGovern, Dermot PB; Mengesha, Emebet; Botwin, Greg; Prostko, John C; Frias, Edwin C; Stewart, James L; Joung, Sandy; Van Eyk, Jennifer; Ebinger, Joseph E; Cheng, Susan; Sobhani, Kimia; Reckamp, Karen L; Merchant, Akil |
| Source: |
Cancer Research, vol 81, iss 24 |
| Publisher Information: |
eScholarship, University of California |
| Publication Year: |
2021 |
| Collection: |
University of California: eScholarship |
| Subject Terms: |
32 Biomedical and Clinical Sciences (for-2020); 3211 Oncology and Carcinogenesis (for-2020); 3204 Immunology (for-2020); Health Disparities (rcdc); Coronaviruses Vaccines (rcdc); Biotechnology (rcdc); Prevention (rcdc); Coronaviruses (rcdc); Clinical Research (rcdc); Infectious Diseases (rcdc); Cancer (rcdc); Immunization (rcdc); Vaccine Related (rcdc); 3.4 Vaccines (hrcs-rac); Cancer (hrcs-hc); 3 Good Health and Well Being (sdg); 2019-nCoV Vaccine mRNA-1273 (mesh); Adult (mesh); Aged (mesh); Antibodies; Viral (mesh); BNT162 Vaccine (mesh); COVID-19 (mesh); Female (mesh); Humans (mesh); Immunity; Humoral (mesh); Immunization Programs (mesh); Immunoglobulin G (mesh); Longitudinal Studies (mesh) |
| Time: |
6273 - 6280 |
| Description: |
Longitudinal studies of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccine-induced immune responses in patients with cancer are needed to optimize clinical care. In a prospective cohort study of 366 (291 vaccinated) patients, we measured antibody levels [anti-spike (IgG-(S-RBD) and anti-nucleocapsid immunoglobulin] at three time points. Antibody level trajectories and frequency of breakthrough infections were evaluated by tumor type and timing of treatment relative to vaccination. IgG-(S-RBD) at peak response (median = 42 days after dose 2) was higher (P = 0.002) and remained higher after 4 to 6 months (P = 0.003) in patients receiving mRNA-1273 compared with BNT162b2. Patients with solid tumors attained higher peak levels (P = 0.001) and sustained levels after 4 to 6 months (P < 0.001) compared with those with hematologic malignancies. B-cell targeted treatment reduced peak (P = 0.001) and sustained antibody responses (P = 0.003). Solid tumor patients receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors before vaccination had lower sustained antibody levels than those who received treatment after vaccination (P = 0.043). Two (0.69%) vaccinated and one (1.9%) unvaccinated patient had severe COVID-19 illness during follow-up. Our study shows variation in sustained antibody responses across cancer populations receiving various therapeutic modalities, with important implications for vaccine booster timing and patient selection. SIGNIFICANCE: Long-term studies of immunogenicity of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines in patients with cancer are needed to inform evidence-based guidelines for booster vaccinations and to tailor sequence and timing of vaccinations to elicit improved humoral responses. |
| Document Type: |
article in journal/newspaper |
| Language: |
unknown |
| Relation: |
qt1vq0g1rd; https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1vq0g1rd |
| DOI: |
10.1158/0008-5472.can-21-3554 |
| Availability: |
https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1vq0g1rd; https://doi.org/10.1158/0008-5472.can-21-3554 |
| Rights: |
CC-BY-NC-ND |
| Accession Number: |
edsbas.51F848DB |
| Database: |
BASE |