| Title: |
CD4 T cells in immunity and immunotherapy of Alzheimer's disease |
| Authors: |
Monsonego, Alon; Nemirovsky, Anna; Harpaz, Idan |
| Source: |
Immunology ; volume 139, issue 4, page 438-446 ; ISSN 0019-2805 1365-2567 |
| Publisher Information: |
Wiley |
| Publication Year: |
2013 |
| Collection: |
Wiley Online Library (Open Access Articles via Crossref) |
| Description: |
Summary Alzheimer's disease ( AD ) is the most common form of dementia, with prevalence progressively increasing with aging. Pathological hallmarks of the disease include accumulation of amyloid β‐protein ( A β) peptides and neurofibrillary tangles in the brain associated with glial activation and synaptotoxicity. In addition, AD involves peripheral and brain endogenous inflammatory processes that appear to enhance disease progression. More than a decade ago a new therapeutic paradigm emerged for AD , namely the activation of the adaptive immune system directly against the self‐peptide A β, aimed at lowering its accumulation in the brain. This was the first time that a brain peptide was used to vaccinate human subjects in a manner similar to classic viral or bacterial vaccines. The vaccination approach has taken several forms, from initially active to passive and then back to modified active vaccines. As the first two approaches to date failed to show sufficient efficacy, the last is presently being evaluated in ongoing clinical trials. The present review summarizes the immunogenic characteristics of A β in humans and mice and discusses past, present and future A β‐based immunotherapeutic approaches for AD . We emphasize potential pathogenic and beneficial roles of CD 4 T cells in light of the pathogenesis and the general decline in T ‐cell responsiveness evident in the disease. |
| Document Type: |
article in journal/newspaper |
| Language: |
English |
| DOI: |
10.1111/imm.12103 |
| Availability: |
https://doi.org/10.1111/imm.12103; https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1111%2Fimm.12103; https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/imm.12103 |
| Rights: |
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor |
| Accession Number: |
edsbas.5323ECC6 |
| Database: |
BASE |