| Description: |
Introduction. The cervix, essential in female reproduction, raises significant concerns regarding precancerous conditions with a significant global and local impact. In the Republic of Moldova, 600-700 women per year are diagnosed with precancerous conditions, and 300-350 with cervical cancer. In the European Union, there are 52,000 cases per year, with 27,000 deaths. Globally, cervical cancer is the fourth most common cancer in women, with 342,000 deaths and 604,000 cases per year. Aim of study. To thoroughly investigate precancerous conditions of the cervix, focusing on identifying risk factors, diagnostic methods, and treatment options. Methods and materials. The study included the analysis of a representative sample of women, assessing menstrual history, history of STIs, postcoital bleeding, parity, steroid use, and attitudes towards cervical cancer screening. All significant data were extracted from the analysis of available literature in open sources such as PubMed, Medscape, Mayo Clinic, and MedlinePlus, using key terms: precancerous conditions of cervical cancer, HPV, and cervical dysplasia. Results. The prevalence of lesions affected 27.4% of participants, with an average age of 35-36 years. Strong knowledge 63.4% and a positive attitude 67.6% were highlighted. Risk factors include irregular menstrual history, sexually transmitted infections STIs, postcoital bleeding, high parity, and steroid use. HPV 16 and 18 were identified as significant risk factors. Sexual behavior, smoking, dietary habits, and immunosuppression are involved in HPV infection, with an incidence of 7% at 20-25 years and less than 2% over 30 years. An unfavorable attitude towards screening contributes to increased risk. Conclusion. The prevalence of precancerous cervical lesions is significant 27.4%. Risk factors emphasize the complexity of the issue. Reproductive health management requires a comprehensive approach. Educating women for early detection and preventing progression to advanced stages is essential. Women#39;s strong ... |