| Title: |
Omicron infection-associated T- and B-cell immunity in antigen-naive and triple-COVID-19-vaccinated individuals. |
| Authors: |
Barros-Martins, Joana; Hammerschmidt, Swantje I.; Morillas Ramos, Gema; Cossmann, Anne; Hetzel, Laura; Odak, Ivan; Köhler, Miriam; Stankov, Metodi V.; Ritter, Christiane; Friedrichsen, Michaela; Ravens, Inga; Schimrock, Anja; Ristenpart, Jasmin; Janssen, Anika; Willenzon, Stefanie; Bernhardt, Günter; Lichtinghagen, Ralf; Bošnjak, Berislav; Behrens, Georg M. N.; Forster, Reinhold |
| Publisher Information: |
Frontiers Media SA |
| Publication Year: |
2023 |
| Subject Terms: |
article; ddc:610; Humans; Antibodies; Neutralizing; COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; COVID-19 Vaccines; Breakthrough Infections; Heterologous Vaccination; Breakthrough Infection; Omicron Variants; Omicron Infection |
| Description: |
Since early 2022, various Omicron variants have dominated the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic in most countries. All Omicron variants are B-cell immune escape variants, and antibodies induced by first-generation COVID-19 vaccines or by infection with earlier SARS-CoV-2 variants largely fail to protect individuals from Omicron infection. In the present study, we investigated the effect of Omicron infections in triple-vaccinated and in antigen-naive individuals. We show that Omicron breakthrough infections occurring 2-3.5 months after the third vaccination restore B-cell and T-cell immune responses to levels similar to or higher than those measured 14 days after the third vaccination, including the induction of Omicron-neutralizing antibodies. Antibody responses in breakthrough infection derived mostly from cross-reacting B cells, initially induced by vaccination, whereas Omicron infections in antigen-naive individuals primarily generated B cells binding to the Omicron but not the Wuhan spike protein. Although antigen-naive individuals mounted considerable T-cell responses after infection, B-cell responses were low, and neutralizing antibodies were frequently below the limit of detection. In summary, the detection of Omicron-associated B-cell responses in primed and in antigen-naive individuals supports the application of Omicron-adapted COVID-19 vaccines, but calls into question their suitability if they also contain/encode antigens of the original Wuhan virus. |
| Document Type: |
article in journal/newspaper |
| Language: |
English |
| Relation: |
Frontiers in immunology -- Front Immunol -- http://www.bibliothek.uni-regensburg.de/ezeit/?2606827 -- http://www.frontiersin.org/immunology -- https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/journals/1754/ -- 1664-3224; https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2023.1166589; https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC10196199 |
| DOI: |
10.3389/fimmu.2023.1166589 |
| Availability: |
https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2023.1166589; https://mhh-publikationsserver.gbv.de/receive/mhh_mods_00002493; https://mhh-publikationsserver.gbv.de/servlets/MCRFileNodeServlet/mhh_derivate_00002387/fimmu-14-1166589_a.pdf; https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC10196199 |
| Rights: |
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ ; public ; info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
| Accession Number: |
edsbas.5DC5FD6 |
| Database: |
BASE |