| Title: |
Isolation, identification and pathogenicity analysis of BCoV epidemic strains in Xinjiang |
| Authors: |
Min, Fang; Liang, Yumeng; Jiang, Qian; Tao, Xinyu; Wan, Jianlong; Xue, Tingting; Li, Na; Chen, Rulong; Zhong, Qi; Yao, Gang; Ma, Xuelian |
| Source: |
Frontiers in Microbiology ; volume 17 ; ISSN 1664-302X |
| Publisher Information: |
Frontiers Media SA |
| Publication Year: |
2026 |
| Collection: |
Frontiers (Publisher - via CrossRef) |
| Description: |
Bovine coronavirus (BCoV) causes diarrhea in calves, winter dysentery in adult cattle, and respiratory diseases, posing a significant threat to the cattle industry. In this study, a BCoV strain was isolated from intestinal lymph node tissues of infected calves in Hami, Xinjiang, using HRT-18G cells with an optimized trypsin-HEPES synergistic culture system. Following plaque purification, the virus was confirmed by RT-PCR, indirect immunofluorescence assay, and transmission electron microscopy, and designated as BCoV-XJHM. The viral titer reached 10 8.0 TCID 50 /mL. Whole-genome sequencing revealed that BCoV-XJHM shares 98.4–99.2% nucleotide identity with 35 representative domestic strains, clustering with the Guangxi strain (GX-NN230328, PP599028.1) in the same evolutionary subclade. Two amino acid substitutions (S81A and S149A) were observed in the N-terminal domain of the nucleocapsid (N) protein. In a BALB/c mouse model, oral inoculation of BCoV-XJHM induced significant body weight loss ( P < 0.001) and mild pulmonary pathology, with viral RNA detected in lung and colon tissues. This study reports an optimized protocol for BCoV isolation in HRT-18G cells, describes two amino acid substitutions in the N protein of the BCoV-XJHM strain, and establishes a BALB/c mouse model for evaluating BCoV pathogenicity in a heterologous host. |
| Document Type: |
article in journal/newspaper |
| Language: |
unknown |
| DOI: |
10.3389/fmicb.2026.1788466 |
| DOI: |
10.3389/fmicb.2026.1788466/full |
| Availability: |
https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2026.1788466; https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2026.1788466/full |
| Rights: |
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |
| Accession Number: |
edsbas.60CC90A3 |
| Database: |
BASE |