| Title: |
Impact of the HIV-1 genetic background and HIV-1 population size on the evolution of raltegravir resistance |
| Authors: |
Fun,Axel; Leitner,Thomas; Vandekerckhove,Linos; Däumer,Martin; Thielen,Alexander; Buchholz,Bernd; Hoepelman, Andy I.M.; Gisolf,Elizabeth H.; Schipper, Pauline J.; Wensing, Annemarie M.J.; Nijhuis, Monique; MS Infectieziekten; Circulatory Health; Infection & Immunity; MMB; MMB opleiding Arts microbioloog; MMB Medische Staf; MMB-vir |
| Publication Year: |
2018 |
| Subject Terms: |
Virology; Infectious Diseases |
| Description: |
BACKGROUND: Emergence of resistance against integrase inhibitor raltegravir in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) patients is generally associated with selection of one of three signature mutations: Y143C/R, Q148K/H/R or N155H, representing three distinct resistance pathways. The mechanisms that drive selection of a specific pathway are still poorly understood. We investigated the impact of the HIV-1 genetic background and population dynamics on the emergence of raltegravir resistance. Using deep sequencing we analyzed the integrase coding sequence (CDS) in longitudinal samples from five patients who initiated raltegravir plus optimized background therapy at viral loads > 5000 copies/ml. To investigate the role of the HIV-1 genetic background we created recombinant viruses containing the viral integrase coding region from pre-raltegravir samples from two patients in whom raltegravir resistance developed through different pathways. The in vitro selections performed with these recombinant viruses were designed to mimic natural population bottlenecks. RESULTS: Deep sequencing analysis of the viral integrase CDS revealed that the virological response to raltegravir containing therapy inversely correlated with the relative amount of unique sequence variants that emerged suggesting diversifying selection during drug pressure. In 4/5 patients multiple signature mutations representing different resistance pathways were observed. Interestingly, the resistant population can consist of a single resistant variant that completely dominates the population but also of multiple variants from different resistance pathways that coexist in the viral population. We also found evidence for increased diversification after stronger bottlenecks. In vitro selections with low viral titers, mimicking population bottlenecks, revealed that both recombinant viruses and HXB2 reference virus were able to select mutations from different resistance pathways, although typically only one resistance pathway emerged in each individual ... |
| Document Type: |
article in journal/newspaper |
| File Description: |
text/plain |
| Language: |
English |
| ISSN: |
1742-4690 |
| Relation: |
https://dspace.library.uu.nl/handle/1874/363622 |
| Availability: |
https://dspace.library.uu.nl/handle/1874/363622 |
| Rights: |
info:eu-repo/semantics/OpenAccess |
| Accession Number: |
edsbas.610C7988 |
| Database: |
BASE |