| Description: |
Importance Historically considered a skeletal dysplasia characterized by disproportionate short stature, achondroplasia is a condition with multisystemic effects due to the widespread expression of the fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 variant throughout the body, impacting muscle, neurological function, cardiorespiratory health, and health-related quality of life. Objective To evaluate the efficacy, safety, and tolerability of once-weekly navepegritide, an investigational prodrug of C-type natriuretic peptide, while assessing benefits beyond growth that may have important implications for complications and health-related quality of life in children with achondroplasia. Design, Setting, and Participants Enrollment for this pivotal phase 2b, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial (APPROACH) was conducted between March and August 2023 at 10 hospitals in Australia, Canada, Denmark, Ireland, New Zealand, Spain, and the US with randomized, blind treatment through 52 weeks and an open-label extension (ongoing). Eligible participants aged 2 to 11 years had achondroplasia confirmed by genetic testing, were naive to treatment with growth-promoting agents, and had their height recorded at least 6 months prior to randomization. Enrolled participants were stratified by age and sex. Those with radiographic evidence of closed growth plates, planned bone surgery, severe untreated sleep apnea, or medical conditions known to affect growth were excluded (n = 2 of 86); of 84 participants enrolled, all were analyzed for safety and efficacy outcomes, including 2 who discontinued treatment. Interventions Navepegritide (100 μg/kg/wk) or placebo administered by once-weekly subcutaneous injection. Main Outcomes and Measures The primary end point was annualized growth velocity at week 52. Other clinically important secondary measures included radiographically assessed skeletal outcomes and health-related quality of life, evaluated using Achondroplasia Child Experience Measures. Safety assessments included adverse events, ... |