| Title: |
How do deer respiratory epithelial cells weather the initial storm of SARS-CoV-2 WA1/2020 strain? |
| Authors: |
Kaitlyn M. Sarlo Davila; Rahul K. Nelli; Kruttika S. Phadke; Rachel M. Ruden; Yongming Sang; Bryan H. Bellaire; Luis G. Gimenez-Lirola; Laura C. Miller |
| Source: |
Microbiology Spectrum, Vol 12, Iss 2 (2024) |
| Publisher Information: |
American Society for Microbiology |
| Publication Year: |
2024 |
| Collection: |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
| Subject Terms: |
SARS-CoV-2; human; deer; epithelial cells; IL-17; NF-κB; Microbiology; QR1-502 |
| Description: |
The potential infectivity of severe acute respiratory syndrome associated coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) in animals raises a public health and economic concern, particularly the high susceptibility of white-tailed deer (WTD) to SARS-CoV-2. The disparity in the disease outcome between humans and WTD is very intriguing, as the latter are often asymptomatic, subclinical carriers of SARS-CoV-2. To date, no studies have evaluated the innate immune factors responsible for the contrasting SARS-CoV-2-associated disease outcomes in these mammalian species. A comparative transcriptomic analysis in primary respiratory epithelial cells of human (HRECs) and WTD (Deer-RECs) infected with the SARS-CoV-2 WA1/2020 strain was assessed throughout 48 h post inoculation (hpi). Both HRECs and Deer-RECs were susceptible to virus infection, with significantly (P < 0.001) lower virus replication in Deer-RECs. The number of differentially expressed genes (DEG) gradually increased in Deer-RECs but decreased in HRECs throughout the infection. The ingenuity pathway analysis of DEGs further identified that genes commonly altered during SARS-CoV-2 infection mainly belong to cytokine and chemokine response pathways mediated via interleukin-17 (IL-17) and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling pathways. Inhibition of the NF-κB signaling in the Deer-RECs pathway was predicted as early as 6 hpi. The findings from this study could explain the lack of clinical signs reported in WTD in response to SARS-CoV-2 infection as opposed to the severe clinical outcomes reported in humans.IMPORTANCEThis study demonstrated that human and white-tailed deer primary respiratory epithelial cells are susceptible to the SARS-CoV-2 WA1/2020 strain infection. However, the comparative transcriptomic analysis revealed that deer cells could limit viral replication without causing hypercytokinemia by downregulating IL-17 and NF-κB signaling pathways. Identifying differentially expressed genes in human and deer cells that modulate key innate immunity pathways during ... |
| Document Type: |
article in journal/newspaper |
| Language: |
English |
| Relation: |
https://doaj.org/toc/2165-0497; https://doaj.org/article/005b9aed7bfc49c79701aff55c273fd4 |
| DOI: |
10.1128/spectrum.02524-23 |
| Availability: |
https://doi.org/10.1128/spectrum.02524-23; https://doaj.org/article/005b9aed7bfc49c79701aff55c273fd4 |
| Accession Number: |
edsbas.6F3D0D7C |
| Database: |
BASE |