Dexmedetomidine- or Clonidine-Based Sedation Compared With Propofol in Critically Ill Patients
| Title: | Dexmedetomidine- or Clonidine-Based Sedation Compared With Propofol in Critically Ill Patients |
|---|---|
| Authors: | Walsh, T. S.; Parker, R. A.; Aitken, L. M.; McKenzie, C. A.; Emerson, L.; Boyd, J.; Macdonald, A.; Beveridge, G.; Giddings, A.; Hope, D.; Irvine, S.; Tuck, S.; Lone, N. I.; Kydonaki, K.; Norrie, J.; Brealey, D.; Antcliffe, D.; Reay, M.; Williams, A.; Bewley, J.; Creagh-Brown, B.; McAuley, D. F.; Dark, P.; Wise, M. P.; Gordon, A. C.; Perkins, G. D.; Reade, M. C.; Blackwood, B.; MacLullich, A.; Glen, R.; Page, V. J.; Weir, C. J.; Pattison, N.; Williams, B.; Rose, L.; Mouncey, P.; Prowle, J.; Wellsted, D.; Walsh, T.; Brett, S.; Charles, H.; Weir, C.; Bion, J.; McLennan, G.; Stevenson, M.; Nichol, A.; Amamio, M.; Barclay, L.; Birch, S.; Briton, K.; Clark, S.; Crossan, J.; Doverman, K.; Macdonald, L.; McCulloch, C.; Rae, N.; Simpson, S.; Singleton, J.; Wishart, M.; Thompson, R.; Aitken, N.; Fairlie, R.; Salim, N.; Talbot, S.; Ackroyd, S.; Alicino, V.; Allan, E.; Anderson, T.; Andrew, R.; Baigey, A.; Baillie, K.; Barnetson, C.; Begbie, R.; Biggers, R.; Blaney, M.; Broom, R.; Birrell, D.; Calkin, W.; Chuavilong, K.; Cowden, R.; Cox, T.; Darjee, C.; Davies, S.; Docherty, A.; Dornan, L.; Dunn, M.; Edwardson, S.; Gillespie, R.; Greenwood, J.; Griffith, D.; Hay, A.; Hu, A.; Hunter, A.; Jones, K.; Jordan, H.; Joseph, A.; Kefala, K.; Kelly, S.; Kemp, L.; Kubanova, B.; Leng, V.; Livesey, J.; Lone, N.; Lyon, J.; Mansfield, O.; McAvoy, D.; McClatchey, A.; Miller, J.; Mirchandani, A.; Moffitt, P.; Morrison, S.; Muir, A.; Nunn, K.; Ochiltree, J.; Ogden, E.; Parks, M.; Pass, M.; Penrose, R.; Putnam, H.; Quinn, T.; Rhodes, J.; Rollings, A.; Ross, S.; Shackleton, R.; Shankar, M.; Sharma, S.; Slessor, I.; Slevin, Z.; Stickle, D.; Symons, L.; Walker, F.; Walls, L.; Whiteford, I.; Yong, S. Y.; Young, N.; Rooney, K.; Kinsella, M.; Digby, B.; Brett, M.; McConnell, P.; Henderson, M.; Sundaram, R.; Gemmell, L.; Christie, F.; Henderson, P.; MacGregor, F.; Henderson, S.; Rodden, N.; Fallon, K.; Abel, L.; McLaren, B.; Hughes, E.; McGlynn, D.; Thomson, N.; Walker, L.; Currie, S.; Parker, N.; Gillan, D.; Brohi, F.; Purvis, S.; Clark, M.; Race, P.; Williams, L.; Shahin, A.; Nworah, E.; Gui, J.; Cheng, L-C.; Stewart, K.; Cusack, R.; Tomlin, M.; Bolger, C.; Burnish, R.; Jackson, S.; Baker, A.; Biss, J.; Salmon, K.; Carter, M.; McKenzie, C.; Elsheikh, R.; Harrison, M. A.; Thomas, C.; Ward, J.; Cumpstey, A.; Dushianthan, A.; Kemp, I.; Page, V.; Zhao, X.; Nordin, N.; Hegazy, A.; Hoxha, E.; Hardaker, O.; Ede, C.; Kotrikova, N.; Devaraja, A.; Stambach, T.; Mukherjee, P.; Guanco, M. L.; Cole, J.; Hill, H.; Brooks, J.; Davies, M.; Davies, R.; Thomas, E.; Lodhi, L.; Morgan, M. P. G.; Ridler, S.; Smith, C.; Faulkner, M.; Ivison, A.; McKay, L.; Jeffrey, H.; Price, J.; Slater, L.; Davies, A.; Thomas, M.; Janssen, D.; Thomas, I.; Crewdson, K.; Newell, C.; Hirst, R.; West, S.; Skorko, A.; Gendall, E.; Worner, R.; Faulkner, B.; Borislavova, B.; Hayes, K.; Parsons, A.; Goff, E.; Sowersby, J.; Wood, A.; Oglesby, K.; Sanusi, I.; Pope, C.; Baird, A.; Blackmore, H.; Healey, R.; Hopkins, P.; Corcoran, E.; Selman, G.; Finney, C.; Pappa, E.; Smith, J.; Clarey, E.; Cockrell, M.; Saha, S.; Noble, H.; O’Reilly, K.; Depante, M.; Broderick, A.; Axalan, M. A.; Vergara, B.; Mehta, R.; Reschrieter, H.; Patch, S.; Camsooksai, J.; Jenkins, S.; Pomichowska, M.; Power, K.; Briggs, S.; Woodward, E.; Loew, C.; Bromilow, J.; Keegan, J.; Taylor, M.; Langridge, E.; Kulandhaisamy, D.; Savage, S.; de’Ath, Y.; Humphrey, C.; Roffe, S.; Bayliss, M.; Bartlett, L.; Gordon-Williams, R.; Tatham, K.; Smith, S.; Noris, I.; Tahir, S.; Yates, E.; Patel, S.; Westerman, T.; Bakare, S.; Furness, H.; Hunt, E.; Zadeh, R. S.; Khan, M.; Sherwood, W.; Addari, C.; Manex, R.; Whitehead, N.; Wilson, F.; Edwards, L.; Nalk, K.; Biddle, S.; Lant, S.; Holden, F.; Voralia, S.; Ocean, N.; Sahni, A.; Srilastava, P.; Iqbal, S.; Tana, S.; Raman, V. V.; Webb, Z.; Parker, L.; Dela Rosa, A.; Kadr, M.; Harvey, E.; Howle, R.; Husain, A.; Morley, O.; Loftus, S.; Hutchinson, J.; Jhanji, S.; Black, E.; Parkinson, D.; Raobaikady, R.; Borthwick, M.; James, C.; Polley, G.; Davidson, N.; Beer, S.; Hutton, P.; Bashyal, A.; Wilson, J.; Mathew, S.; Ryu, J.; Cupitt, J.; Hardy, G.; Benham, L.; Downes, R.; Flint, N.; Little, M.; Pochiraju, R.; Andreou, P.; Hales, D.; Hailstone, J.; Mathews, M.; Huntley, M.; Stephenson, L.; Hussey, J.; Tan, H-E.; Holbrook, S.; Kemp, H.; Earl, D.; Innes, R.; Plumb, B.; Doble, P.; Purnell, R.; Thomas, A.; Noor, M. H.; Khaliq, W.; Jennings, M.; Rose, B. O.; Reece-Anthony, R.; Khatun, S.; Dickinson, S.; Clarke, J.; Cox, C.; Longley, A.; Ali, T.; Gurung, B.; Moubarak, M.; Ball, J.; Leaver, S.; Farnell-Ward, S.; Thanasi, M.; Dangol, S.; Ventura, V.; Valcher, M.; Sicat, C.; Yun, N.; Kanu, R.; Cordoba, M. M.; Trinh, H.; Lloyd, K.; Saluzzio, R. P.; Ding, L.; Farrah, H.; Fernandes, E.; Nutt, C.; Silversides, J.; McAuley, D.; McGuigan, P.; Major, E.; Lonsdale, E.; Fundano, N.; Ward, K.; Turley, C.; O’Neill, A.; Finn, S.; Green, J.; Collins, E.; McAuley, J.; Mills, J.; Wright, C.; Growcott, M.; McCullagh, I.; Wright, S.; Clement, I.; Shelton, J.; Faulds, M.; Hellyer, T.; Morton, H.; Pollard, C.; White, C.; Dunn, L.; Calder, V.; Taylor, S.; Garcia, P.; Brown, B.; Savage, J.; Babio-Galan, M.; Webster, K.; Wilkinson, T.; Gulati, A.; Shrestha, T.; Hays, C.; Butler, L.; Simoes, F.; McNeil, M.; Storey, I.; Whiteley, S.; Wilby, E.; Trott, S.; Watts, S.; Salada, S.; Neep, A.; Youngs, N.; Howcroft, C.; Powell, M.; Adlam, M.; Paramasivam, E.; Friar, Z.; Gordon, A.; Banach, D.; Rojo, R.; Arias, S. S.; Fernandez de Pinedo Artaraz, Z.; Coghlan, P.; Mohammed, A.; Jepson, E.; Wong, J.; Gurung, A. T.; O’Dwyer, C.; Perez Guillotin, S.; Templeton, M.; Hanison, J.; Bannard-Smith, J.; Conway, D.; Abbas, S.; Aly, M.; Benington, S.; Eng Hean, T.; Hayley, D.; McGuckin, E.; Martin, A.; Morris, T.; Musselbrook, W.; Narayan, B.; Wright, T.; Wheeler, C.; Barker, M.; Clark, R.; Connaughton, E.; Jama, R.; Paripoorani, D.; Quayle, R.; Sukumaran, A.; Taylor, C.; Balmer, M.; Lingeswaran, S.; Edmunds, L.; Wylie, K.; Owen, A.; Perkins, G.; Munnelly, S.; Park, D.; Gresty, J.; Reeves, E.; Maliaykal, C.; Melody, T.; Preller, J.; Polgarova, P.; Bravoelvira, C.; Teixeira, S.; Varley, J.; Hajela, S. S.; Elston, K.; Campbell, S.; Keil, M.; Elbehery, M.; Marshall, J.; Stevenson, S.; Conway Morris, A.; Gogineni Venkateskara, P.; Reid, K.; Brown, R.; Amareihe, C.; Luen Goh, J.; Jones, E.; Mughal, A.; MacCallum, N.; Smyth, D.; Bercades, G.; Hass, I.; Martir, G.; Reyes, A.; Martinez, M. A. Z.; Gallagher, L.; Yee Chung, C.; Sanders, G.; Chawla, V.; Maheshwari, N.; Glazebrook, T.; Angel, H.; Squires, R.; Dolan, H.; Donnelly, C.; Mires, L.; Musalagani, R.; Williams, S.; Heij, R.; Young, P.; Blunt, M.; Wijewardena, G.; Gibson, J.; Joshy, A. M.; Sweet, K.; Wright, K.; Grimmer, L.; Webster, D.; Bazan Lacerot, C.; Shiel, R.; Hernandez Morano, E. M.; Coleman, C.; Daniel, E.; Komolafe, O.; Bonnici, J.; Pipira, L.; Johnson, R.; Chillingworth, A.; Liang, Y-H.; Efford, G.; Kolovou, A.; Davies, G.; Garland, Z.; Gumbrill, B.; Collin, I.; Gibbins, M.; Brougham, T.; Harvey, D.; Phipps, W.; Harrold, K.; Plummer, N.; Lowe, B.; James, P.; Ahmed, S.; Ghosh, R.; Mohamed, O.; Santra, T.; Shilston, J.; Russell, A.; Patel, V.; Topiwala, U.; Bello, H.; Sampson, J.; Ryan, L.; Peters, C.; Meredith, M.; Conner (now Hughes), L.; Morris, L.; Clark, A.; Baddeley, A.; Mcloughlin, L.; Walton, C.; Joseph, T.; Lubbock, S.; Ford, D.; McCoy, A.; N’Dungu, T.; Welters, I.; Sankar, V.; Waite, A.; Johnston, B.; Shaw, D.; Waugh, V.; Williams, K.; Lopez Martinez, M.; Norris, M.; Carlota Mahiya, M. A.; Fernandez Roman, J.; Yuan, J-X.; Manes, S.; Lythgoe, C.; Almafreji, I.; Colfar, J.; Medhurst, L.; Beresford, S.; Farina, S.; Imam, L.; Ali, S.; Thomas, Z.; Bold, F.; Hodson, K.; Morenikeji, A.; Watkin, D.; Szakmany, T.; Cardwell, A.; Frawley, A.; Ostermann, M.; Radcliffe, G.; Barrett, N.; Sparkes, S.; Woodman-Bailey, A.; Kosifidou, E.; Bociek, A.; Hendrie, E.; Lim, R.; D’Amato, F.; Fordyce, S.; Cendreda, B.; Morera Vas, K.; Pan, J.; Meddings, C.; Milic, V.; Owusu-Afriyie, J.; Engelhard, C.; Sim, M.; Appleton, R.; Ralston, M.; Arnott, A.; Orlikowska, I.; Kennedy-Hay, S.; Murray, C.; Devine, M.; Headley, P.; McCaffrey, J.; Donnelly, D.; Young, R.; Hagan, S.; Adell, V.; Murphy, E.; Quek, J.; Wilson, S.; Jardine, C.; Forrest, M.; Ibrahim, M.; Wheeley, M.; Kodous, M.; Blake, M.; Lacey, V.; Eager, M.; Jootun, R.; Birch, J. |
| Publisher Information: | American Medical Association (AMA) |
| Publication Year: | 2025 |
| Collection: | City University London: City Research Online |
| Subject Terms: | RC Internal medicine; RT Nursing |
| Description: | Importance Whether α2-adrenergic receptor agonist–based sedation, compared with propofol-based sedation, reduces time to extubation in patients receiving mechanical ventilation in the intensive care unit (ICU) is uncertain. Objective To evaluate whether dexmedetomidine- or clonidine-based sedation reduces duration of mechanical ventilation compared with propofol-based sedation (usual care). Design, Setting, and Participants Pragmatic, open-label randomized clinical trial conducted at 41 ICUs in the UK including adults who were within 48 hours of starting mechanical ventilation, were receiving propofol plus an opioid for sedation and analgesia, and were expected to require mechanical ventilation for 48 hours or longer. The median time from intubation to randomization was 21.0 (IQR, 13.2-31.3) hours. Recruitment occurred from December 2018 to October 2023; the last follow-up occurred on December 10, 2023. Interventions The bedside algorithms used targeted a Richmond Agitation-Sedation Scale score of −2 to 1 (unless clinicians requested deeper sedation). The algorithms supported uptitration in the dexmedetomidine- and clonidine-based sedation intervention groups and supported downtitration for propofol-based sedation followed by sedation primarily with the allocated sedation (dexmedetomidine or clonidine). If required, supplemental use of propofol was permitted. Main Outcomes and Measures The primary outcome was time from randomization to successful extubation. The secondary outcomes included mortality, sedation quality, rates of delirium, and cardiovascular adverse events. Results Among the 1404 patients in the analysis population (mean age, 59.2 [SD, 14.9] years; 901 [64%] were male; and the mean APACHE II score was 20.3 [SD, 8.2]), the subdistribution hazard ratio (HR) for time to successful extubation was 1.09 (95% CI, 0.96-1.25; P = .20) for dexmedetomidine (n = 457) vs propofol (n = 471) and was 1.05 (95% CI, 0.95-1.17; P = .34) for clonidine (n = 476) vs propofol (n = 471). The median time from randomization ... |
| Document Type: | article in journal/newspaper |
| File Description: | text |
| Language: | English |
| Relation: | https://openaccess.city.ac.uk/id/eprint/35287/1/WRAP-Dexmedetomidine-clonidine-based-sedation-compared-25.pdf; Walsh, T. S., Parker, R. A., Aitken, L. M. https://openaccess.city.ac.uk/view/creators_id/leanne=2Eaitken=2E1.html orcid:0000-0001-5722-9090 orcid:0000-0001-5722-9090 , McKenzie, C. A., Emerson, L. https://openaccess.city.ac.uk/view/creators_id/lydia=2Eemerson.html orcid:0000-0002-4250-5758 orcid:0000-0002-4250-5758 , Boyd, J., Macdonald, A., Beveridge, G., Giddings, A., Hope, D., Irvine, S., Tuck, S., Lone, N. I., Kydonaki, K., Norrie, J., Brealey, D., Antcliffe, D., Reay, M., Williams, A., Bewley, J., Creagh-Brown, B., McAuley, D. F., Dark, P., Wise, M. P., Gordon, A. C., Perkins, G. D., Reade, M. C., Blackwood, B., MacLullich, A., Glen, R., Page, V. J., Weir, C. J., Pattison, N., Williams, B., Rose, L., Mouncey, P., Prowle, J., Wellsted, D., Walsh, T., Brett, S., Charles, H., Weir, C., Norrie, J., Bion, J., McLennan, G., Stevenson, M., Nichol, A., Walsh, T., Amamio, M., Barclay, L., Birch, S., Briton, K., Clark, S., Crossan, J., Doverman, K., Hope, D., Macdonald, L., McCulloch, C., Rae, N., Simpson, S., Singleton, J., Wishart, M., Thompson, R., Aitken, N., Fairlie, R., Salim, N., Talbot, S., Ackroyd, S., Alicino, V., Allan, E., Anderson, T., Andrew, R., Baigey, A., Baillie, K., Barnetson, C., Begbie, R., Biggers, R., Blaney, M., Broom, R., Birrell, D., Calkin, W., Chuavilong, K., Cowden, R., Cox, T., Darjee, C., Davies, S., Docherty, A., Dornan, L., Dunn, M., Edwardson, S., Gillespie, R., Greenwood, J., Griffith, D., Hay, A., Hu, A., Hunter, A., Jones, K., Jordan, H., Joseph, A., Kefala, K., Kelly, S., Kemp, L., Kubanova, B., Leng, V., Livesey, J., Lone, N., Lyon, J., Mansfield, O., McAvoy, D., McClatchey, A., Miller, J., Mirchandani, A., Moffitt, P., Morrison, S., Muir, A., Nunn, K., Ochiltree, J., Ogden, E., Parks, M., Pass, M., Penrose, R., Putnam, H., Quinn, T., Rhodes, J., Rollings, A., Ross, S., Shackleton, R., Shankar, M., Sharma, S., Slessor, I., Slevin, Z., Stickle, D., Symons, L., Walker, F., Walls, L., Whiteford, I., Yong, S. Y., Young, N., Rooney, K., Kinsella, M., Digby, B., Brett, M., McConnell, P., Henderson, M., Sundaram, R., Gemmell, L., Christie, F., Henderson, P., MacGregor, F., Henderson, S., Rodden, N., Fallon, K., Abel, L., McLaren, B., Hughes, E., McGlynn, D., Thomson, N., Walker, L., Currie, S., Parker, N., Gillan, D., Brohi, F., Purvis, S., Clark, M., Race, P., Williams, L., Shahin, A., Nworah, E., Gui, J., Cheng, L-C., Stewart, K., Cusack, R., Tomlin, M., Bolger, C., Burnish, R., Jackson, S., Baker, A., Biss, J., Salmon, K., Carter, M., McKenzie, C., Elsheikh, R., Harrison, M. A., Thomas, C., Ward, J., Cumpstey, A., Dushianthan, A., Kemp, I., Page, V., Zhao, X., Nordin, N., Hegazy, A., Hoxha, E., Hardaker, O., Ede, C., Kotrikova, N., Devaraja, A., Stambach, T., Mukherjee, P., Guanco, M. L., Wise, M. P., Cole, J., Hill, H., Brooks, J., Davies, M., Davies, R., Thomas, E., Williams, A., Lodhi, L., Morgan, M. P. G., Ridler, S., Smith, C., Faulkner, M., Ivison, A., McKay, L., Jeffrey, H., Price, J., Slater, L., Davies, A., Hughes, E., Thomas, M., Janssen, D., Thomas, I., Crewdson, K., Newell, C., Hirst, R., West, S., Skorko, A., Gendall, E., Worner, R., Faulkner, B., Borislavova, B., Hayes, K., Parsons, A., Goff, E., Sowersby, J., Wood, A., Oglesby, K., Sanusi, I., Pope, C., Baird, A., Blackmore, H., Healey, R., Hopkins, P., Corcoran, E., Selman, G., Finney, C., Pappa, E., Smith, J., Clarey, E., Cockrell, M., Saha, S., Noble, H., O’Reilly, K., Depante, M., Broderick, A., Axalan, M. A., Vergara, B., Mehta, R., Reschrieter, H., Patch, S., Camsooksai, J., Jenkins, S., Pomichowska, M., Power, K., Briggs, S., Woodward, E., Loew, C., Bromilow, J., Keegan, J., Taylor, M., Langridge, E., Kulandhaisamy, D., Savage, S., de’Ath, Y., Humphrey, C., Roffe, S., Bayliss, M., Bartlett, L., Gordon-Williams, R., Tatham, K., Smith, S., Noris, I., Tahir, S., Yates, E., Patel, S., Westerman, T., Bakare, S., Furness, H., Hunt, E., Zadeh, R. S., Khan, M., Sherwood, W., Addari, C., Manex, R., Whitehead, N., Wilson, F., Edwards, L., Nalk, K., Biddle, S., Lant, S., Holden, F., Voralia, S., Ocean, N., Sahni, A., Srilastava, P., Iqbal, S., Tana, S., Raman, V. V., Webb, Z., Parker, L., Dela Rosa, A., Kadr, M., Harvey, E., Howle, R., Husain, A., Morley, O., Loftus, S., Hutchinson, J., Jhanji, S., Black, E., Parkinson, D., Raobaikady, R., Borthwick, M., James, C., Polley, G., Davidson, N., Beer, S., Hutton, P., Bashyal, A., Wilson, J., Mathew, S., Ryu, J., Cupitt, J., Hardy, G., Benham, L., Downes, R., Flint, N., Little, M., Pochiraju, R., Andreou, P., Hales, D., Hailstone, J., Mathews, M., Huntley, M., Stephenson, L., Hussey, J., Tan, H-E., Holbrook, S., Kemp, H., Earl, D., Innes, R., Plumb, B., Doble, P., Purnell, R., Thomas, A., Noor, M. H., Khaliq, W., Jennings, M., Rose, B. O., Reece-Anthony, R., Khatun, S., Dickinson, S., Clarke, J., Cox, C., Longley, A., Ali, T., Gurung, B., Moubarak, M., Williams, A., Ball, J., Leaver, S., Farnell-Ward, S., Thanasi, M., Dangol, S., Ventura, V., Valcher, M., Sicat, C., Yun, N., Kanu, R., Cordoba, M. M., Trinh, H., Lloyd, K., Saluzzio, R. P., Ding, L., Farrah, H., Fernandes, E., Nutt, C., Silversides, J., McAuley, D., McGuigan, P., Major, E., Lonsdale, E., Fundano, N., Ward, K., Turley, C., O’Neill, A., Finn, S., Green, J., Collins, E., McAuley, J., Mills, J., Wright, C., Growcott, M., McCullagh, I., Wright, S., Clement, I., Shelton, J., Faulds, M., Hellyer, T., Morton, H., Pollard, C., White, C., Dunn, L., Calder, V., Taylor, S., Garcia, P., Brown, B., Savage, J., Babio-Galan, M., Webster, K., Wilkinson, T., Gulati, A., Shrestha, T., Hays, C., Butler, L., Simoes, F., McNeil, M., Storey, I., Whiteley, S., Wilby, E., Trott, S., Watts, S., Mathew, S., Salada, S., Neep, A., Youngs, N., Howcroft, C., Powell, M., Adlam, M., Paramasivam, E., Friar, Z., Antcliffe, D., Gordon, A., Banach, D., Rojo, R., Arias, S. S., Fernandez de Pinedo Artaraz, Z., Coghlan, P., Mohammed, A., Jepson, E., Wong, J., Gurung, A. T., O’Dwyer, C., Perez Guillotin, S., Templeton, M., Hanison, J., Bannard-Smith, J., Conway, D., Abbas, S., Aly, M., Benington, S., Eng Hean, T., Hayley, D., McGuckin, E., Martin, A., Morris, T., Musselbrook, W., Narayan, B., Wright, T., Wheeler, C., Barker, M., Clark, R., Connaughton, E., Jama, R., Paripoorani, D., Quayle, R., Sukumaran, A., Taylor, C., Balmer, M., Lingeswaran, S., Edmunds, L., Wylie, K., Owen, A., Perkins, G., Munnelly, S., Park, D., Gresty, J., Reeves, E., Maliaykal, C., Melody, T., Preller, J., Polgarova, P., Bravoelvira, C., Teixeira, S., Varley, J., Hajela, S. S., Elston, K., Campbell, S., Keil, M., Elbehery, M., Marshall, J., Stevenson, S., Conway Morris, A., Gogineni Venkateskara, P., Reay, M., Reid, K., Brown, R., Amareihe, C., Yates, E., Luen Goh, J., Jones, E., Mughal, A., Brealey, D., MacCallum, N., Clark, S., Smyth, D., Bercades, G., Hass, I., Martir, G., Reyes, A., Martinez, M. A. Z., Gallagher, L., Yee Chung, C., Sanders, G., Chawla, V., Maheshwari, N., Glazebrook, T., Angel, H., Squires, R., Dolan, H., Donnelly, C., Mires, L., Musalagani, R., Williams, S., Heij, R., Young, P., Blunt, M., Wijewardena, G., Gibson, J., Joshy, A. M., Bewley, J., Rooney, K., Sweet, K., Wright, K., Grimmer, L., Webster, D., Bazan Lacerot, C., Shiel, R., Hernandez Morano, E. M., Coleman, C., Daniel, E., Komolafe, O., Bonnici, J., Pipira, L., Johnson, R., Chillingworth, A., Liang, Y-H., Efford, G., Kolovou, A., Davies, G., Garland, Z., Gumbrill, B., Collin, I., Gibbins, M., Brougham, T., Harvey, D., Phipps, W., Harrold, K., Plummer, N., Lowe, B., James, P., Ahmed, S., Ghosh, R., Mohamed, O., Santra, T., Shilston, J., Russell, A., Patel, V., Topiwala, U., Bello, H., Sampson, J., Ryan, L., Peters, C., Meredith, M., Conner (now Hughes), L., Morris, L., Clark, A., Baddeley, A., Mcloughlin, L., Walton, C., Joseph, T., Thomas, A., Lubbock, S., Ford, D., McCoy, A., N’Dungu, T., Welters, I., Sankar, V., Waite, A., Johnston, B., Shaw, D., Waugh, V., Williams, K., Lopez Martinez, M., Norris, M., Carlota Mahiya, M. A., Fernandez Roman, J., Yuan, J-X., Manes, S., Lythgoe, C., Almafreji, I., Colfar, J., Medhurst, L., Beresford, S., Farina, S., Imam, L., Ali, S., Thomas, Z., Bold, F., Hodson, K., Morenikeji, A., Watkin, D., Szakmany, T., Cardwell, A., Frawley, A., Ostermann, M., Radcliffe, G., Barrett, N., Sparkes, S., Woodman-Bailey, A., Kosifidou, E., Bociek, A., Hendrie, E., Lim, R., D’Amato, F., Fordyce, S., Cendreda, B., Morera Vas, K., Pan, J., Meddings, C., Milic, V., Barker, M., Owusu-Afriyie, J., Engelhard, C., Sim, M., Appleton, R., Ralston, M., Arnott, A., Orlikowska, I., Kennedy-Hay, S., Murray, C., Devine, M., Headley, P., McCaffrey, J., Donnelly, D., Young, R., Hagan, S., Adell, V., Murphy, E., Quek, J., Wilson, S., Jardine, C., Forrest, M., Collins, E., Ibrahim, M., Wheeley, M., Kodous, M., Blake, M., Lacey, V., Eager, M., Jootun, R. Birch, J.view all authorsEPJS_limit_names_shown_load( 'creators_name_35287_et_al', 'creators_name_35287_rest' ); (2025). Dexmedetomidine- or Clonidine-Based Sedation Compared With Propofol in Critically Ill Patients. JAMA, 334(1), doi:10.1001/jama.2025.7200 https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2025.7200 |
| DOI: | 10.1001/jama.2025.7200 |
| Availability: | https://openaccess.city.ac.uk/id/eprint/35287/; https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2025.7200 |
| Accession Number: | edsbas.8099F759 |
| Database: | BASE |