| Title: |
Obesity differs from diabetes mellitus in antibody and T-cell responses post-COVID-19 recovery |
| Authors: |
Ali, M.; Longet, S.; Neale, I.; Rongkard, P.; Chowdhury, F.U.H.; Hill, J.; Brown, A.; Laidlaw, S.; Tipton, T.; Hoque, A.; Hassan, N.; Hackstein, C.-P.; Adele, S.; Akther, H.D.; Abraham, P.; Paul, S.; Rahman, M.M.; Alam, M.M.; Parvin, S.; Mollah, F.H.; Hoque, M.M.; Moore, S.C.; Biswas, S.K.; Turtle, L.; de Silva, T.I.; Ogbe, A.; Frater, J.; Barnes, E.; Tomic, A.; Carroll, M.W.; Klenerman, P.; Kronsteiner, B.; Chowdhury, F.R.; Dunachie, S.J. |
| Publisher Information: |
Oxford University Press (OUP) |
| Publication Year: |
2024 |
| Collection: |
White Rose Research Online (Universities of Leeds, Sheffield & York) |
| Description: |
Objective: Obesity and type 2 diabetes (DM) are risk factors for severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outcomes, which disproportionately affect South Asian populations. This study aims to investigate the humoral and cellular immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 in adult COVID-19 survivors with overweight/obesity (Ov/Ob, BMI ≥ 23 kg/m2) and DM in Bangladesh. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, SARS-CoV-2-specific antibody and T-cell responses were investigated in 63 healthy and 75 PCR-confirmed COVID-19 recovered individuals in Bangladesh, during the pre-vaccination first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020. Results: In COVID-19 survivors, SARS-CoV-2 infection induced robust antibody and T-cell responses, which correlated with disease severity. After adjusting for age, sex, DM status, disease severity, and time since onset of symptoms, Ov/Ob was associated with decreased neutralizing antibody titers, and increased SARS-CoV-2 spike-specific IFN-γ response along with increased proliferation and IL-2 production by CD8 + T cells. In contrast, DM was not associated with SARS-CoV-2-specific antibody and T-cell responses after adjustment for obesity and other confounders. Conclusion: Ov/Ob is associated with lower neutralizing antibody levels and higher T-cell responses to SARS-CoV-2 post-COVID-19 recovery, while antibody or T-cell responses remain unaltered in DM. |
| Document Type: |
article in journal/newspaper |
| File Description: |
text |
| Language: |
English |
| ISSN: |
0009-9104 |
| Relation: |
https://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/id/eprint/213355/1/uxae030.pdf; Ali, M. orcid.org/0000-0003-0170-7182 , Longet, S., Neale, I. et al. (31 more authors) (2024) Obesity differs from diabetes mellitus in antibody and T-cell responses post-COVID-19 recovery. Clinical and Experimental Immunology, 218 (1). pp. 78-92. ISSN: 0009-9104 |
| Availability: |
https://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/id/eprint/213355/; https://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/id/eprint/213355/1/uxae030.pdf |
| Rights: |
cc_by_4 |
| Accession Number: |
edsbas.8278D88F |
| Database: |
BASE |