| Title: |
Cardiovascular implantable electronic device infections due to enterococcal species: Clinical features, management, and outcomes |
| Authors: |
Oh, Timothy S.; Le, Katherine; Baddour, Larry M.; Sohail, M. Rizwan; Vikram, Holenarasipur R.; Hernandez‐Meneses, Marta; Miro, Jose M.; Prutkin, Jordan M.; Greenspon, Arnold J.; Carrillo, Roger G.; Danik, Stephen B.; Naber, Christoph K.; Blank, Elisabeth; Tseng, Chi‐Hong; Uslan, Daniel Z.; Peacock, James E. |
| Contributors: |
American Heart Association |
| Source: |
Pacing and Clinical Electrophysiology ; volume 42, issue 10, page 1331-1339 ; ISSN 0147-8389 1540-8159 |
| Publisher Information: |
Wiley |
| Publication Year: |
2019 |
| Collection: |
Wiley Online Library (Open Access Articles via Crossref) |
| Description: |
Background Enterococcal cardiovascular implantable electronic device (CIED) infections are not well characterized. Methods Data from the Multicenter Electrophysiologic Device Infection Cohort, a prospective study of CIED infections, were used for descriptive analysis of adults with enterococcal CIED infections. Results Of 433 patients, 21 (4.8%) had enterococcal CIED infection. Median age was 71 years. Twelve patients (57%) had permanent pacemakers, five (24%) implantable cardioverter defibrillators, and four (19%) biventricular devices. Median time from last procedure to infection was 570 days. CIED‐related bloodstream infections occurred in three patients (14%) and 18 (86%) had infective endocarditis (IE), 14 (78%) of which were definite by the modified Duke criteria. IE cases were classified as follows: valvular IE, four; lead IE, eight; both valve and lead IE, six. Vegetations were demonstrated by transesophageal echocardiography in 17 patients (81%). Blood cultures were positive in 19/19 patients with confirmed results. The most common antimicrobial regimen was penicillin plus an aminoglycoside (33%). Antibiotics were given for a median of 43 days. Only 14 patients (67%) underwent device removal. There was one death during the index hospitalization with four additional deaths within 6 months (overall mortality 24%). There were no relapses. Conclusions Enterococci caused 4.8% of CIED infections in our cohort. Based on the late onset after device placement or manipulation, most infections were likely hematogenous in origin. IE was the most common infection syndrome. Only 67% of patients underwent device removal. At 6 months follow‐up, no CIED infection relapses had occurred, but overall mortality was 24%. |
| Document Type: |
article in journal/newspaper |
| Language: |
English |
| DOI: |
10.1111/pace.13783 |
| Availability: |
https://doi.org/10.1111/pace.13783; https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1111%2Fpace.13783; https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/pace.13783; https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full-xml/10.1111/pace.13783 |
| Rights: |
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor |
| Accession Number: |
edsbas.881D6D2E |
| Database: |
BASE |