Potential pandemic risk of circulating swine H1N2 influenza viruses
| Title: | Potential pandemic risk of circulating swine H1N2 influenza viruses |
|---|---|
| Authors: | Valerie Le Sage; Nicole C. Rockey; Andrea J. French; Ryan McBride; Kevin R. McCarthy; Lora H. Rigatti; Meredith J. Shephard; Jennifer E. Jones; Sydney G. Walter; Joshua D. Doyle; Lingqing Xu; Dominique J. Barbeau; Shengyang Wang; Sheila A. Frizzell; Michael M. Myerburg; James C. Paulson; Anita K. McElroy; Tavis K. Anderson; Amy L. Vincent Baker; Seema S. Lakdawala |
| Source: | Nature Communications, Vol 15, Iss 1, Pp 1-13 (2024) |
| Publisher Information: | Nature Portfolio |
| Publication Year: | 2024 |
| Collection: | Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
| Subject Terms: | Science |
| Description: | Influenza A viruses in swine have considerable genetic diversity and continue to pose a pandemic threat to humans due to a potential lack of population level immunity. Here we describe a pipeline to characterize and triage influenza viruses for their pandemic risk and examine the pandemic potential of two widespread swine origin viruses. Our analysis reveals that a panel of human sera collected from healthy adults in 2020 has no cross-reactive neutralizing antibodies against a α-H1 clade strain (α-swH1N2) but do against a γ-H1 clade strain. The α-swH1N2 virus replicates efficiently in human airway cultures and exhibits phenotypic signatures similar to the human H1N1 pandemic strain from 2009 (H1N1pdm09). Furthermore, α-swH1N2 is capable of efficient airborne transmission to both naïve ferrets and ferrets with prior seasonal influenza immunity. Ferrets with H1N1pdm09 pre-existing immunity show reduced α-swH1N2 viral shedding and less severe disease signs. Despite this, H1N1pdm09-immune ferrets that became infected via the air can still onward transmit α-swH1N2 with an efficiency of 50%. These results indicate that this α-swH1N2 strain has a higher pandemic potential, but a moderate level of impact since there is reduced replication fitness and pathology in animals with prior immunity. |
| Document Type: | article in journal/newspaper |
| Language: | English |
| Relation: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-49117-z; https://doaj.org/toc/2041-1723; https://doaj.org/article/53d1d7ae1d604556b2b4b78a61ba2a10 |
| DOI: | 10.1038/s41467-024-49117-z |
| Availability: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-49117-z; https://doaj.org/article/53d1d7ae1d604556b2b4b78a61ba2a10 |
| Accession Number: | edsbas.89A56F52 |
| Database: | BASE |