| Title: |
Weight trends among adults with diabetes or hypertension during the COVID-19 pandemic: an observational study using OpenSAFELY. |
| Authors: |
Samuel, M; Park, RY; Eastwood, SV; Eto, F; Morton, CE; Stow, D; Bacon, S; Goldacre, B; Mehrkar, A; Morley, J; Dillingham, I; Inglesby, P; Hulme, WJ; Khunti, K; Mathur, R; Valabhji, J; MacKenna, B; Finer, S; OpenSAFELY Collaborative |
| Publisher Information: |
Royal College of General Practitioners |
| Publication Year: |
2024 |
| Collection: |
Queen Mary University of London: Queen Mary Research Online (QMRO) |
| Subject Terms: |
COVID-19; body mass index; health inequalities; hypertension; primary health care; type 2 diabetes mellitus |
| Description: |
BACKGROUND: COVID-19 pandemic restrictions may have influenced behaviours related to weight. AIM: To describe patterns of weight change among adults living in England with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and/or hypertension during the pandemic. DESIGN AND SETTING: An observational cohort study using the routinely collected health data of approximately 40% of adults living in England, accessed through the OpenSAFELY service inside TPP. METHOD: Clinical and sociodemographic characteristics associated with rapid weight gain (>0.5 kg/m2/year) were investigated using multivariable logistic regression. RESULTS: Data were extracted on adults with T2D (n = 1 231 455, 43.9% female, and 76.0% White British) or hypertension (n = 3 558 405, 49.7% female, and 84.3% White British). Adults with T2D lost weight overall (median δ = -0.1 kg/m2/year [interquartile range {IQR} -0.7-0.4]). However, rapid weight gain was common (20.7%) and associated with the following: sex (male versus female: adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 0.78 [95% confidence interval {CI} = 0.77 to 0.79]); age (older age reduced odds, for example, aged 60-69 years versus 18-29 years: aOR 0.66 [95% CI = 0.61 to 0.71]); deprivation (least deprived Index of Multiple Deprivation [IMD] quintile versus most deprived IMD quintile: aOR 0.87 [95% CI = 0.85 to 0.89]); White ethnicity (Black versus White: aOR 0.95 [95% CI = 0.92 to 0.98]); mental health conditions (for example, depression: aOR 1.13 [95% CI = 1.12 to 1.15]); and diabetes treatment (non-insulin treatment versus no pharmacological treatment: aOR 0.68 [95% CI = 0.67 to 0.69]). Adults with hypertension maintained stable weight overall (median δ = 0.0 kg/m2/year [IQR -0.6-0.5]); however, rapid weight gain was common (24.7%) and associated with similar characteristics as in T2D. CONCLUSION: Among adults living in England with T2D and/or hypertension, rapid pandemic weight gain was more common among females, younger adults, those living in more deprived areas, and those with mental health conditions. |
| Document Type: |
article in journal/newspaper |
| Language: |
English |
| Relation: |
Br J Gen Pract; https://qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/101670 |
| DOI: |
10.3399/BJGP.2023.0492 |
| Availability: |
https://qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/101670; https://doi.org/10.3399/BJGP.2023.0492 |
| Rights: |
This article is Open Access: CC BY 4.0 licence (http://creativecommons.org/licences/by/4.0/). ; © 2024 The Authors |
| Accession Number: |
edsbas.8A2BE464 |
| Database: |
BASE |