| Title: |
Inter-individual differences in the blood pressure lowering effects of dietary nitrate: A randomised double-blind placebo-controlled replicate crossover trial |
| Authors: |
Hayes, E; Alhulaefi, S; Siervo, M; Whyte, E; Kimble, R; Matu, J; Griffiths, A; Sim, M; Burleigh, M; Easton, C; Lolli, L; Atkinson, G; Mathers, JC; Shannon, OM |
| Publisher Information: |
Springer |
| Publication Year: |
2025 |
| Collection: |
Liverpool John Moores University: LJMU Research Online |
| Subject Terms: |
TX341 Nutrition. Foods and food supply; RC1200 Sports Medicine |
| Description: |
Purpose: Dietary nitrate supplementation increases nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability and reduces blood pressure (BP). Inter-individual differences in these responses are suspected but have not been investigated using robust designs, e.g., replicate crossover, and appropriate statistical models. We examined the within-individual consistency of the effects of dietary nitrate supplementation on NO biomarkers and BP, and quantified inter-individual response differences. Methods: Fifteen healthy males visited the laboratory four times. On two visits, participants consumed 140ml nitrate-rich beetroot juice (~14.0mmol nitrate) and, on the other two visits, they consumed 140ml nitrate-depleted beetroot juice (~0.03mmol nitrate). Plasma nitrate and nitrite concentrations were measured 2.5 hours post-supplementation. BP was measured pre- and 2.5 hours post-supplementation. Between-replicate correlations were quantified for the placebo-adjusted post-supplementation plasma nitrate and nitrite concentrations and pre-to-post changes in BP. Within-participant linear mixed models (LLM) and a meta-analytic approach estimated participant-by-condition treatment response variability. Results: Nitrate-rich beetroot juice supplementation elevated plasma nitrate and nitrite concentrations and reduced systolic (mean:-7mmHg, 95%CI: -3 to -11mmHg) and diastolic (mean:-6mmHg, 95%CI: -2 to -9mmHg) BP versus placebo. The LLM participant-by-condition interaction response variability was ±7mmHg (95%CI: 3 to 9mmHg) for systolic BP and consistent with the treatment effect heterogeneity =± 7mmHg (95%CI: 5 to 12mmHg) derived from the meta-analytic approach. The between-replicate correlations were moderate-to-large for plasma nitrate, nitrite and systolic BP (r=0.55 to 0.91). Conclusions: The effects of dietary nitrate supplementation on NO biomarkers and systolic BP varied significantly from participant to participant. The causes of this inter-individual variation deserve further investigation. |
| Document Type: |
article in journal/newspaper |
| File Description: |
text |
| Language: |
English |
| ISSN: |
1436-6207 |
| Relation: |
https://researchonline.ljmu.ac.uk/id/eprint/25581/1/Inter%20individual%20differences%20in%20the%20blood%20pressure%20lowering%20effects%20of%20dietary%20nitrate.pdf; Hayes, E, Alhulaefi, S, Siervo, M, Whyte, E, Kimble, R, Matu, J, Griffiths, A, Sim, M, Burleigh, M, Easton, C, Lolli, L, Atkinson, G ORCID logoorcid:0000-0002-5459-9042 , Mathers, JC and Shannon, OM (2025) Inter-individual differences in the blood pressure lowering effects of dietary nitrate: A randomised double-blind placebo-controlled replicate crossover trial. European Journal of Nutrition, 64 (101). pp. 1-12. ISSN 1436-6207 |
| DOI: |
10.1007/s00394-025-03616-x |
| Availability: |
https://researchonline.ljmu.ac.uk/id/eprint/25581/; https://researchonline.ljmu.ac.uk/id/eprint/25581/1/Inter%20individual%20differences%20in%20the%20blood%20pressure%20lowering%20effects%20of%20dietary%20nitrate.pdf; https://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-025-03616-x |
| Rights: |
cc_by |
| Accession Number: |
edsbas.8A845B38 |
| Database: |
BASE |